Life expectancy and quality raise have increased the request of better and customized solutions for patients. On the other side, while the health care market is continuously raising, the ...manufacturing industry, specially the automotive one, is facing a strongly negative trend under production and sales point of view. In this panorama, the development of biomedical devices represents a big chance for both patient's th care and manufacturing industry being an interesting opportunity for investments. In order to design a new product, it is necessary to take into account the market needs and requests, especially when it is high-tech and involves human needs. Unfortunately, it often happens that the languages and research approaches of the parts involved in the market, supply and demand, are different which makes the communication more difficult, especially when Medicine and Engineering are involved. For example, requirements such as biocompatibility, life service or biological integration have to be translated in terms of material, manufacturing process or treatment. In order to correlate performance characteristics and design choice, tools like QFD (Quality Function Deployment) are available. In particular, they use results of market investigations on existing products and market requests to identify the improvement areas, to correlate them with design specifications so outlining the features of new products able to satisfy the market requests.
Within this approach, the present paper shows the results of a market analysis focused on hip prosthesis improvement. Therefore, using questionnaires sent to specialized physicians and medical centers, it was possible to collect information about pro and cons of existing devices identifying their criticalness’ with particular attention to stem osteointegration. In fact, compiling a QFD table, it was possible to design new concepts of the prosthesis stem which are here described and their mechanical resistance was tested using FEM simulations.
This paper reviews two theories of utility. In Jevons’ theory, utility denotes an abstract quality of a commodity and value is derived from the knowledge of the utility of a commodity. Menger, ...however, argued that the concept of value cannot be associated with the fact that things are useful. Goods themselves are worthless unless a human assigns value to them. It is shown that utility as a measure of commodity value is a vague concept.
The identification and analysis of value chains is a way to find the sources of an organization’s in-/efficiency, and an opportunity to explore how an organization is managed. Having in mind that an ...“organization network” is a form similar, in its functioning, to a separate organization, one may, using the value chain concept, investigate the management of local activity programmes, as of the networks they are. The researched partnerships introduced a management innovation, in that the social service provision organizations were brought together to form one chain. The researched organizations providing social services have introduced innovations in management that are supposed to unite organizations providing social services in a single chain. This kind of approach allows to obtain additional benefits, including the joint management of subjects composing the chain. In practice, it is also connected with sharing benefits between the participants in the chain, as well as replacing the elements of competition and suspicion with cooperation and trust. Delivering value to the beneficiary, under the provision of social services, is important not only from the point of view of humanity, but also in order to maximize the use of resources, usually insufficient to meet all the needs. The presented studies of supply chains of social services in Silesia showed, that some features of these newly created areas being subject of joint management, still crave for numerous improvements. What may help is logistics, in particular business logistics, having years of experience in the area of observation and active participation in the chain management. However, unconditional adaptation of these experiences is not possible due to the fact that developed methods are based on cost and maintenance compromises, which are insensitive to human needs when the service cost for the chain is not sufficiently profitable. Therefore, it is necessary to implement different methods of managing these chains, principles of which are described in the social logistics. The authors are convinced that combination of the efforts of the organizers of social services and experienced logistics professionals can bring a double benefit. In practical terms it may help to improve the delivery of services with no deterioration of their quality, and to increase the range of services (quantitative or qualitative) based on specific resources. In the epistemological dimension it may enable to develop rules to adapt the theory of logistics for the socially significant needs. Therefore, this paper can be considered as the beginning of the discussion in this regard.
Określenie i analiza łańcucha wartości to sposób na poszukiwanie źródeł sprawności i niesprawności przedsiębiorstwa, możliwość zbadania sposobu zarządzania. Pamiętając, że „sieć organizacji” jest formą zbliżoną w sposobie funkcjonowanie do jednostkowej organizacji możemy za pomocą łańcucha wartości zbadać sposób zarządzania w sieci jaką jest program aktywności lokalnej. W analizowanych organizacjach dostarczających usługi społeczne wprowadzono innowacje w zarządzaniu polegającą na łączeniu organizacji dostarczających usługi społeczne w jeden łańcuch.
This paper reviews two theories of utility. In Jevons’ theory, utility denotes an abstract quality of a commodityand value is derived from the knowledge of the utility of a commodity. Menger, ...however, argued that the conceptof value cannot be associated with the fact that things are useful. Goods themselves are worthless unless ahuman assigns value to them. It is shown that utility as a measure of commodity value is a vague concept.
‘Sustainable use’ and ‘community‐based conservation’ are two contemporary concepts in wildlife conservation policy. Their rise represents a shift away from traditional conservation techniques, and a ...merging of narratives about conservation and development. While policy statements by major conservation organisations emphasise the necessity of the shift, evidence to date suggests that, in practice, implementation of these concepts has been limited.
This paper considers the extent to which sustainable use and community‐based conservation have been accepted (or not) by a specific group of conservation experts, and what this level of acceptance implies for conservation in practice. Based on in‐depth interviews with experts in marine turtle biology and/or conservation policy, the paper considers the willingness and ability of such experts to incorporate human development needs and issues into conservation activities. The suitability of conservation organisations as promoters of rural development, and implications of their further involvement as such, are discussed.
Les principes de ‘l'utilisation durable’ et de ‘la protection de l'environnement par la communauté’ sont deux concepts courants dans la politique de la defense de la flore et de la faune. La montée de ces concepts représente un écart par rapport aux techniques traditionnelles de la défense de l'environnement, ainsi qu'un lieu de convergence ou les récits sur la protection des ressources naturelles, et sur développement se fusionnent. Bien que les déclarations de principe faites par d'importants organismes de protection soulignent la nécessité de poursuivre cette nouvelle orientation, il y a de bonnes raisons de penser que la mise en pratique de ces concepts a été, jusqu'a présent, trés limitée.
Cet article traitera de la mesure d'acceptation accordée à ces deux concepts, au sein d'un groupe spécifique de spécialistes en défense des ressources naturelles, ainsi que les répercussions de ce niveau d'acceptation pour la pratique de la protection. A partir d'entrevues en profondeur menées avec des experts en la biologie des tortues marines et/ou en la politique de leur protection, l'article examinera la volonté, ainsi que la capacité, de tels experts d'intégrer les exigences humaines aux activités de protection. Seront également considérées la question de l'aptitude de ces organismes de protection à promouvoir le développement rurale, et les consequences possibles de leur implication continue dans celui‐ci.
The three essays in this volume all agree that the intersection between queer theory and Marxism constitutes a productive field for theorizing sexual politics. Rosemary Hennessy's article argues that ...capitalism produces human affect and human need that get bound up with various forms of identity, made fungible both within and outside the workplace. She focuses on a case study to show how sexual identities have been instrumentalized to extract additional surplus value from the maquiladora system. Kevin Floyd shows that Lukács's misreading of Marx led him to condemn sexuality, because it involves objectifying another human being as a means to an end. Marcia Klotz argues that Marx's critique of alienation, as it applies to labor, could be fruitfully applied to sexuality as well.
Response Vanier, Jean
Journal of religion, disability & health,
2/24/2005, Letnik:
8, Številka:
3-4
Journal Article
In this paper Jean Vanier responds to Hauerwas' essay by exploring the nature of humanness. Drawing on the thinking of Michael Ignatieff he examines the essence of human need, presenting a case for ...the centrality of love and respect for human flourishing. People need to have their basic needs fulfilled, but if their deeper needs for love and respect are not met, the possibility of happiness and fulfillment is limited if not impossible. For many people with developmental disabilities it is lack of love and respect which hinders them most in their search for fulfillment. He argues that living in L'Arche is a way of life and an 'attitude towards life' within which these deeper needs are viewed as central for all people, an attitude which is embodied in L'Arche's way of life with people who have disabilities. The question is, how might we go about creating a society where there is more love?
Employment plays a critical role in satisfying individual basic needs in modern society. It helps to pay for food, drink, clothing, provides security, a sense of belonging, a source of self and ...social esteem. Employment also provides a great opportunity to satisfy people needs for belonging and esteem. In case of employment companies shape the work environment to satisfy human needs for continuous change and stand to benefit from superior motivation and higher performance. In this respect, employment is a fundamental human need. This chapter provides various basic human needs, whose dissatisfaction are responsible for leaving jobs and also includes how to overcome the threats of job security. Besides that it also illustrates the hierarchy of human basic needs in order of preference such as philological, security, social esteem and self‐actualization.
The ability of an organization to change its strategy and structure in an intelligent and purposeful way is ultimately limited by the willingness and ability of its people. This chapter addresses the ...search for smart minds: curious, adaptable individuals who are continuously looking to improve themselves. Some people are more open to change than others, so personnel selection is very important so it is a challenge for the firm to select best smart mind. The chapter also includes brief introduction of some vital topic such as what is mind, basic human needs, process of hiring of minds, and harnessing insatiable human needs.
The high‐level needs can generate the power to drive intelligent companies toward long‐term sustainable success. Human beings are curious and want to learn and experience new things. People drive ...themselves to deliver their personal best – achieve one's full potential – want to help others to do the same. This chapter examines the nature of instable human needs and also investigates how firms can harness them to develop higher strategic intelligence. The chapter highlights the importance of learning in driving company's intelligence quotient; it also discusses how a firm can encourage more learning skills that humans can demonstrate.
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