This paper reviews two theories of utility. In Jevons’ theory, utility denotes an abstract quality of a commodityand value is derived from the knowledge of the utility of a commodity. Menger, ...however, argued that the conceptof value cannot be associated with the fact that things are useful. Goods themselves are worthless unless ahuman assigns value to them. It is shown that utility as a measure of commodity value is a vague concept.
‘Sustainable use’ and ‘community‐based conservation’ are two contemporary concepts in wildlife conservation policy. Their rise represents a shift away from traditional conservation techniques, and a ...merging of narratives about conservation and development. While policy statements by major conservation organisations emphasise the necessity of the shift, evidence to date suggests that, in practice, implementation of these concepts has been limited.
This paper considers the extent to which sustainable use and community‐based conservation have been accepted (or not) by a specific group of conservation experts, and what this level of acceptance implies for conservation in practice. Based on in‐depth interviews with experts in marine turtle biology and/or conservation policy, the paper considers the willingness and ability of such experts to incorporate human development needs and issues into conservation activities. The suitability of conservation organisations as promoters of rural development, and implications of their further involvement as such, are discussed.
Les principes de ‘l'utilisation durable’ et de ‘la protection de l'environnement par la communauté’ sont deux concepts courants dans la politique de la defense de la flore et de la faune. La montée de ces concepts représente un écart par rapport aux techniques traditionnelles de la défense de l'environnement, ainsi qu'un lieu de convergence ou les récits sur la protection des ressources naturelles, et sur développement se fusionnent. Bien que les déclarations de principe faites par d'importants organismes de protection soulignent la nécessité de poursuivre cette nouvelle orientation, il y a de bonnes raisons de penser que la mise en pratique de ces concepts a été, jusqu'a présent, trés limitée.
Cet article traitera de la mesure d'acceptation accordée à ces deux concepts, au sein d'un groupe spécifique de spécialistes en défense des ressources naturelles, ainsi que les répercussions de ce niveau d'acceptation pour la pratique de la protection. A partir d'entrevues en profondeur menées avec des experts en la biologie des tortues marines et/ou en la politique de leur protection, l'article examinera la volonté, ainsi que la capacité, de tels experts d'intégrer les exigences humaines aux activités de protection. Seront également considérées la question de l'aptitude de ces organismes de protection à promouvoir le développement rurale, et les consequences possibles de leur implication continue dans celui‐ci.
The three essays in this volume all agree that the intersection between queer theory and Marxism constitutes a productive field for theorizing sexual politics. Rosemary Hennessy's article argues that ...capitalism produces human affect and human need that get bound up with various forms of identity, made fungible both within and outside the workplace. She focuses on a case study to show how sexual identities have been instrumentalized to extract additional surplus value from the maquiladora system. Kevin Floyd shows that Lukács's misreading of Marx led him to condemn sexuality, because it involves objectifying another human being as a means to an end. Marcia Klotz argues that Marx's critique of alienation, as it applies to labor, could be fruitfully applied to sexuality as well.
Response Vanier, Jean
Journal of religion, disability & health,
2/24/2005, Letnik:
8, Številka:
3-4
Journal Article
In this paper Jean Vanier responds to Hauerwas' essay by exploring the nature of humanness. Drawing on the thinking of Michael Ignatieff he examines the essence of human need, presenting a case for ...the centrality of love and respect for human flourishing. People need to have their basic needs fulfilled, but if their deeper needs for love and respect are not met, the possibility of happiness and fulfillment is limited if not impossible. For many people with developmental disabilities it is lack of love and respect which hinders them most in their search for fulfillment. He argues that living in L'Arche is a way of life and an 'attitude towards life' within which these deeper needs are viewed as central for all people, an attitude which is embodied in L'Arche's way of life with people who have disabilities. The question is, how might we go about creating a society where there is more love?
The ability of an organization to change its strategy and structure in an intelligent and purposeful way is ultimately limited by the willingness and ability of its people. This chapter addresses the ...search for smart minds: curious, adaptable individuals who are continuously looking to improve themselves. Some people are more open to change than others, so personnel selection is very important so it is a challenge for the firm to select best smart mind. The chapter also includes brief introduction of some vital topic such as what is mind, basic human needs, process of hiring of minds, and harnessing insatiable human needs.
Employment plays a critical role in satisfying individual basic needs in modern society. It helps to pay for food, drink, clothing, provides security, a sense of belonging, a source of self and ...social esteem. Employment also provides a great opportunity to satisfy people needs for belonging and esteem. In case of employment companies shape the work environment to satisfy human needs for continuous change and stand to benefit from superior motivation and higher performance. In this respect, employment is a fundamental human need. This chapter provides various basic human needs, whose dissatisfaction are responsible for leaving jobs and also includes how to overcome the threats of job security. Besides that it also illustrates the hierarchy of human basic needs in order of preference such as philological, security, social esteem and self‐actualization.
The high‐level needs can generate the power to drive intelligent companies toward long‐term sustainable success. Human beings are curious and want to learn and experience new things. People drive ...themselves to deliver their personal best – achieve one's full potential – want to help others to do the same. This chapter examines the nature of instable human needs and also investigates how firms can harness them to develop higher strategic intelligence. The chapter highlights the importance of learning in driving company's intelligence quotient; it also discusses how a firm can encourage more learning skills that humans can demonstrate.
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