Aims
To report an analysis of the concept of humour in adult cancer care.
Background
Humour is a form of communication which is present in the adult cancer setting. Numerous studies show the ...multi‐dimensional value of humour in cancer care. A clear conceptual understanding, however, of what it represents is lacking.
Design
Walker and Avant's framework was used to guide this concept analysis.
Data sources
Literature searches included bibliographic databases, internet, and manual searches.
Review methods
Literature published from 1990 to the present was reviewed. Thematic analysis was carried out to identify critical attributes and antecedents.
Results
Based on the analysis, a definition of humour in adult cancer nursing is proposed. Humour is a subjective emotional response, resulting from the recognition and expression of incongruities of a comic, absurd and impulsive situation, remark, character, or action, which enhances feelings of closeness or togetherness when shared in the context of trust between the patient and nurse and may be used as a coping mechanism in a stressful situation such as the adult cancer care setting.
Conclusion
The analysis provides an understanding of the concept of humour in the adult cancer setting and includes a theoretical illustration of its critical attributes. This concept analysis provides a forum for discussion with reference to the use of humour in adult cancer nursing care. Further exploration is recommended to determine the meaning of humour and its nature across different care settings.
O humor em (dis)curso Marco Antonio Almeida Ruiz; Lígia Mara Boin Menossi de Araújo; Luciana Carmona Garcia Manzano
Cadernos de Estudos Lingüísticos,
06/2021, Letnik:
63
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Historicamente, nossa sociedade se construiu a partir de um modelo masculino de organização, e ao longo de sua constituição promoveu e ratificou formas de violência contra as mulheres, sempre ...fundamentadas na concepção de fragilidade e sensibilidade femininas, que traziam implicadas as noções de inferioridade e submissão. Como militantes e em busca por igualdade, as mulheres saíram às ruas e seus corpos tornaram-se discursos que trazem o “avesso” da história de dominância, construindo outras possibilidades de sentido e de memória na luta contra o machismo. Neste artigo, nosso objetivo é observar, em algumas publicações em redes sociais, o lugar atribuído à mulher e ao feminismo no bojo de estereotipias e imaginários cristalizados em nossa sociedade e que ocupam nosso espaço discursivo. Para tal, nosso material é composto por quatro memes publicados no Instagram ressaltando, sobretudo, esse ideal dominante pré-determinado e utópico acerca do papel da mulher, satirizando a luta e a resistência configurada pelos movimentos sociais e, em especial, o feminismo. Nesse sentido, nossa empreitada analítica estará embasada nos pressupostos teóricos da análise do discurso de matriz francesa, especialmente, em considerações acerca das noções de memória e pré-construído.
The COVID-19 pandemic has considerably impacted many people's lives. This study examined changes in subjective wellbeing between December 2019 and May 2020 and how stress appraisals and coping ...strategies relate to individual differences and changes in subjective wellbeing during the early stages of the pandemic. Data were collected at 4 time points from 979 individuals in Germany. Results showed that, on average, life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect did not change significantly between December 2019 and March 2020 but decreased between March and May 2020. Across the latter timespan, individual differences in life satisfaction were positively related to controllability appraisals, active coping, and positive reframing, and negatively related to threat and centrality appraisals and planning. Positive affect was positively related to challenge and controllable-by-self appraisals, active coping, using emotional support, and religion, and negatively related to threat appraisal and humor. Negative affect was positively related to threat and centrality appraisals, denial, substance use, and self-blame, and negatively related to controllability appraisals and emotional support. Contrary to expectations, the effects of stress appraisals and coping strategies on changes in subjective wellbeing were small and mostly nonsignificant. These findings imply that the COVID-19 pandemic represents not only a major medical and economic crisis, but also has a psychological dimension, as it can be associated with declines in key facets of people's subjective wellbeing. Psychological practitioners should address potential declines in subjective wellbeing with their clients and attempt to enhance clients' general capability to use functional stress appraisals and effective coping strategies.
Public Significance Statement
This study shows that, on average, life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect decreased across the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Different stress appraisals and coping strategies relevant to the pandemic were associated with general levels of subjective wellbeing during the pandemic, but had only small and mostly nonsignificant effects on changes in subjective wellbeing over time. Psychological practitioners should address potential declines in subjective wellbeing with their clients and attempt to enhance clients' general capability to make use of functional stress appraisals and effective coping strategies during a pandemic.
This paper contributes to the literature on geographies of masculinities by examining how young men's (aged 12-18) performances of masculinity through humour was mutually constitutive of and ...constituted by the spaces of the Fusion and Retro youth cafés in the city and suburbs of Cork in the south of Ireland. Research on open access youth provision such as youth clubs, centres and youth cafés have found that they can afford young people the opportunity to 'be themselves', reflecting the ideals of safety and inclusivity that are meant to be sustained in these spaces. Using ethnographic observations, this paper shows that such ideals are never a given as the inequality embedded in gendered performances mean the spaces must be continually (re)produced as inclusive. It contributes to an understanding of youth cafés as micropolitical spaces of becoming that shape and are shaped by negotiations over meanings of gender and masculinity in particular. Furthermore, it advances two new concepts - 'humorous improprieties' and 'humour bombing' - to the performative geographies literature, highlighting two nuanced ways in which young men construct themselves as men in relation to space.
Humor comprehension is increasingly recognized as showing parallels to more conventional creative cognition; yet our understanding of brain mechanisms underlying creative cognition in a humorous ...context is still limited. The present study addressed this issue by investigating functional patterns of EEG alpha activity while 93 participants viewed nonverbal humorous cartoons until they indicated having recognized the punch line, and subsequently vocalized their idea as to what constituted it. In a similar fashion, EEG was also assessed during performance of the Alternate Uses Task (AUT), in order to identify similarities and differences in EEG alpha activity implicated in conventional creative cognition vs. humor comprehension. Analyses revealed a pattern of robust task-related alpha power increases in both tasks, which were markedly more right-lateralized at ventral fronto-temporal sites in the humor task as compared to the AUT. Findings are interpreted in line with recent literature on the functional role of alpha activity in the creativity domain. Altogether, this study adds further evidence to the particular role of EEG alpha oscillations in creative cognition and supports the idea that conventional creative ideation and the comprehension of humor share neural mechanisms affiliated to creative cognition.
Across a wide range of issues and a variety of sources, scientific information often gets lost in translation, failing to properly inform, educate, and engage publics in a meaningful way. But science ...communication is like a wine—it is better when it is outside the box. One promising tactic for more effective scientific communication is the use of humor to both engage and educate less interested and knowledgeable citizens on important topics. Here, we investigate whether the identity of a speaker influences perceptions of their effectiveness at connecting with and engaging public audiences. We conducted a 2 (Gender: Female vs. Male) × 2 (Race: Black Speaker vs. White Speaker) × 2 (Credentials: Scientist vs. Comedian) between-subjects experiment and found that race and gender of the source, relative to their credentials, were not significant factors for predicting the perceptions of communicator effectiveness. We also found that experienced humor, or mirth, moderated the relationship between the speaker’s credentials and perceived effectiveness. We discuss the implications of our findings for science communication research and practice.
Who might reasonably be nominated as the funniest philosopher of
all time? With this anthology, Thomas Oden provisionally declares
Søren Aabye Kierkegaard (1813-1855)--despite his enduring
stereotype ...as the melancholy, despairing Dane--as, among
philosophers, the most amusing.
Kierkegaard not only explored comic perception to its depths but
also practiced the art of comedy as astutely as any writer of his
time. This collection shows how his theory of comedy is integrated
into his practice of comic perception, and how both are integral to
his entire authorship.
Kierkegaard's humor ranges from the droll to the rollicking; from
farce to intricate, subtle analysis; from nimble stories to amusing
aphorisms. In these pages you are invited to meet the wife of an
author who burned her husband's manuscript and a businessman who,
even with an abundance of calling cards, forgot his own name. You
will hear of an interminable vacillator whom archeologists found
still pacing thousands of years later, trying to come to a
decision. Then there is the emperor who became a barkeeper in order
to stay in the know.
The Humor of Kierkegaard is for anyone ready to be amused
by human follies. Those new to Kierkegaard will discover a dazzling
mind worth meeting. Those already familiar with his theory of
comedy will be delighted to see it concisely set forth and
exemplified. Others may have read Kierkegaard intensively without
having ever really noticed his comic side. Here they will find what
they have been missing.
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