Professional heavy vehicle drivers can experience a traumatic event at work when suicidal drivers deliberately crash into their vehicles or a pedestrian jumps in front of them. This study adopts a ...qualitative approach, aiming to gain an understanding about the psychological and other consequences that these crashes have for this occupational group. We organized a semi-structured focus group meeting with six drivers who reported experiencing a deliberate crash into their vehicle. The meeting was moderated by two psychologists. The participants reported that avoiding the crash was difficult. These events can have long-lasting effects on drivers’ well-being although individual differences in the response to the event and coping strategies do exist. Participation in our meeting was regarded as a positive experience. This encourages us to believe that organizing similar meetings that allow drivers under the supervision of professionals to share their own experiences with those who experienced similar events, could perhaps be one way of providing support to such drivers who experienced a traumatic event at work.
Gledano globalno, ali i općenito u Hrvatskoj te na razini poduzeća Hrvatske šume d.o.o., ozljede nastale kao rezultat prometnih nesreća predstavljaju značajan javnozdarsvtveni i ekonomski trošak. ...Obveza liječnika koji je prvi pregledao ozlijeđenog u bilo kojem događaju, pa tako i prometnoj nesreći ili događaju koji ima obilježja ozljede na radu, je prijavljivanje ozljeda policiji. U predmetnoj prijavi, uz opće podatke, liječnik je dužan kvalificirati tjelesnu ozljedu. O klalifikaciji predmetne ozljede ovosit će sve daljne radnje tijekom kriminalističkog istraživanja, te hoće li se pokrenut prekršajni, kazneni ili disciplinski postupak. Na temelju navedenog, primarni cilj istraživanja odnosi se na izradu okvira za kvalitetnije, točnije i ujednačenije kvalificiranje ozljeda sudionika prometnih nesreća. Sekundarni cilj istraživanja vezan je za prikaz trenda i kvalifikacije ostalih ozljeda pri radu u prometu unutar poduzeća koje gospodari državnim šumama. Kod analize općih mehanizama ozljeđivanja i povezanih ozljeda tj. kvalifikacije ozljeda sudionika prometnih nesreća, primijenjena je metoda analize, sinteze, kompilacije i klasifikacije, a kod analize numeričkih podataka primijenjena je tehnika deskriptivne statistike. Rezultati istraživanja vezani za kvalifikaciju ozljeda prikazani su unutar četiri pregledne tablice glede mehanizma nastupanja ozljeda kod frontalnih sudara, bočnih sudara, sudara u vožnji u slijedu i kod prevrtanja vozila. Najveći broj kvalificiranih ozljeda (n=58) utvrđen je kod frontalnih sudara, kod kojih je utvrđen i najveći broj mehanizama ozljeda (n=4). Najmanji broj mehanizama ozljeđivanja (n=1) i najmanji broj kvalificiranih ozljeda (n=7) identificiran je kod sudara u vožnji u slijedu. Udio priznatih ostalih ozljeda pri radu u prometu (službeno putovanje, dolazak na posao, odlazak s posla) unutar poduzeću Hrvatske šume d.o.o. za promatrano razdoblje, u odnosu na ukupan broj ozljeda, kreće se u rasponu od 5,14 % do 2,59 %. Spoznaje i rezultati predmetnog istraživanja široj stručnoj i znanstvenoj zajednici postavljaju potencijalni okvir za ujednačavanjem i podizanjem razine kvalitete kvalifikacije ozljeda kod četiri osnovna tipa prometnih nesreća.
The research shows that injuries in the world, as well as in Croatia, especially those resulting from traffic accidents, which are in the company Hrvatske šume Ltd. recorded as others, ie categorized along with other injuries at work, represent a significant public health and economic problem, for the wider community, but also for the company Hrvatske šume Ltd. At the same time, the planned measures and activities (primarily the National Road Safety Program of the Republic of Croatia, but also other plans from the state and company level) from year to year do not bring the expected results, ie the number of casualties is still high. Subject research seeks to mitigate the consequences of accidents, through the development of criteria for more accurate and precise classification of injuries as a prerequisite for many procedures, from treatment, rehabilitation, but also rights from employment and other relations, or proceedings before prosecutors, courts and insurance companies. The research covers an area that has not been researched so far or has been researched to a lesser extent in the Republic of Croatia and surrounding countries, and in addition to determining the framework for injury qualification, which should determine the cause-and-effect relationship of certain types of accidents (consecutive driving, side collision, head-on collision and overturning) and injuries that occur in them, with experiential and scientifically based notes related to individual injuries. In this way, the results of the research are an excellent tool, especially for those who are the first to qualify the injuries that a participant sustains in a car accident, or for the doctors who were the first to help the victims. The authors understand the complexity and severity of the moment in which these doctors qualify injuries (sometimes due to the severity of injuries and inability to contact with the injured). Namely, incorrect qualification in the first stage (although in possible future proceedings may be changed by expertise, which is not uncommon) may jeopardize the further course of treatment, rehabilitation, lead to unfounded criminal or misdemeanor proceedings or its absence even though it should have been conducted, and others numerous administrative and judicial proceedings of the participants in the accidents. Which for an individual and the community, and thus the company Hrvatske šume can have significant administrative difficulties and significant material costs. In addition to the primary goal of the research and its focus on doctors who are the first to qualify injuries, it should be useful for accident research services (police, state attorney’s office, courts, insurance companies, but also professional services of Hrvatske šume Ltd.), because they also offer the possibility of the reverse procedure, ie verification, especially in cases when the accident is subsequently reported, or the driver has left the scene, or there are doubts about the nature of the injured participant. Namely, the results of the research enable and instruct everyone involved in these processes, how to connect an individual injury - check with damage to the vehicle or suspect that it occurred there, or how to conduct a quality criminal investigation in this area, fix and describe damage and injuries. For employees of Hrvatske šume
Ltd. (but also all other services from the police, HGSS, to firefighters) who are not always able to call an ambulance in case of accidents with vehicles (because accidents happen on forest roads, often without a cell phone signal), or the arrival of an ambulance due to the distance is justifiably long, and the injured should be assisted, this work is extremely useful, because in addition to the qualification it describes the occurrence of damage in / on the vehicle and possible related injuries, and notes on how to recognize individual injuries. First aid to the injured, which, as we know, can in some cases save the life of the injured, but also reduce the consequences of the injury. The results of the research are classified into four overview tables for injury mechanisms in frontal collisions, side collisions, sequential collisions and vehicle overturns. The highest number of qualified injuries was found in frontal collisions (frontal) in which the largest number of injury mechanisms (4), and a total of 58 different injuries were identified, of which 24 qualify as ordinary serious bodily injury, 23 as particularly serious bodily injury, 10 as bodily injury and 1 as particularly severe with fatal consequences. For them, a total of 30 notes were entered in the tables, on how they are reported, what to pay attention to, etc. This indicates that these types of accidents are the most severe in terms of consequences (which are the most numerous for Hrvatske šume Ltd. when it comes to traffic accidents). In side collisions, the two most common mechanisms of injury were identified, and a total of 20 different injuries were identified, of which 8 qualify as ordinary serious bodily injury, 9 as particularly serious bodily injury and 3 as bodily injury. For these injuries, 10 notes are entered in the table. When the vehicle overturned, the three most common mechanisms of injury were identified, and a total of 16 different injuries were identified, of which 9 qualify as ordinary grievous bodily harm, 3 as particularly grievous bodily harm and 4 as bodily injury. 7 notes are entered in the table for these injuries. One injury mechanism was identified for collisions while driving in a sequence, and a total of 7 injuries were identified, of which 2 qualify as ordinary serious bodily injury and 5 as bodily injury. There are 2 notes for these injuries in the table. The presented statistical-analytical indicators of the company Hrvatske šume Ltd., along with other results of this research, are a good basis for further monitoring of injuries in the company, and can be a good basis for further identification (but also research on vehicle ergonomics and vehicle selection and protection, reduce the number and consequences of injuries) and assess the level of protection and safety at work in forest production, ie on the way to it, and increase competitiveness by developing mechanisms to improve educational, technical and safety competencies of human resources. And certainly, like the Ministry of the Interior, the indicators on the types of injuries to the god of uniformity should be harmonized with the terms from the Criminal Code described in this paper (especially severe, etc.).
Pridobivanje drva, posebice ručno-strojna sječa i izrada, visoko je rizičan radni proces gdje je motorna pila ključni izvor opasnosti. Slijedom navedenog, osnovni cilj istraživanja vezan je za ...utvrđivanje radnog potencijala za kvalitetnim i sigurnim radom radnika sjekača spram ostvarene prosječne ocjene radne tehnike. Drugi cilj vezan je za prepoznavanje manjkavosti i kritičnih elemenata u radnoj tehnici kao mjesta potrebnih korekcija i unapređenja, a samim time i unapređenja kulture sigurnosti u šumarstvu. Treći cilj istraživanja odnosi se na analizu i usporedbu odabranih sigurnosnih pokazatelja na razini poduzeća Hrvatske šume d.o.o., pripadajuće djelatnosti definirane prema nacionalnoj klasifikaciji i države Republike Hrvatske. Ukupno 10 253 ocjena za 11 elemenata radne tehnike dodijeljenih u razdoblju 2014.-2018. godine, te odabrani pokazatelji sigurnosti pri radu na razini poduzeća - djelatnosti - države za razdoblje 2014.-2020. godine, uneseni su u bazu podataka za daljnju obradu. Kod analize podataka primijenjene su tehnike deskriptivne i inferencijalne statistike. Prosječne ocjene po radnim elementima za petogodišnje razdoblje kreću se od 2,65 do 2,95, a razina radne tehnike izražena apsolutnom srednjom ocjenom iznosi 2,81, što čini 93,67 % ukupnog radnog potencijala (Pmax). Dva najbolje ocijenjena elementa odnose se na uporabu osobne zaštitne opreme (pripada C skupini elemenata) i kvalitetu kresanja (pripada B skupini elemenata), a kritični elementi radne tehnike sjekača utvrđeni su u A skupini kao npr. element izgleda prijelomnice i element utvrđivanja i provjere smjera rušenja stabla. Analizom varijance utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika između A i C skupine radnih elemenata. Kod analize pokazatelja sigurnosti u predmetnom razdoblju na razini poduzeća Hrvatske šume d.o.o. najveći broj nesreća (51,35% svih evidentiranih ozljeda na radnom mjestu) dogodio se kod radova sječe i izrade drva tj. tijekom ručno-strojnog rada. Analizirani trend učestalosti ozljeđivanja uzrokovanih radom u promatranom razdoblju na razini poduzeća ne pokazuje značajno poboljšanje, već stagnirajuće vrijednosti s manje značajnim oscilacijama između godina. S druge strane, broj priznatih ozljeda u poduzeću Hrvatske šume d.o.o. čini od 27,07 % do 39,96 % ukupnog broja priznatih ozljeda u djelatnosti Poljoprivreda, šumarstvo i ribarstvo. Dodatno, promatrano kroz pokazatelj broja ozljeda na 1000 zaposlenih poduzeće Hrvatske šume d.o.o. bilježi u prosjeku duplo veću vrijednost istog pokazatelja u odnosu na razinu države (12,36 ozljeda na 1000 zaposlenih) i matične djelatnosti (14,30 ozljeda na 1000 zaposlenih). Vezano za broj priznatih profesionalnih bolesti u djelatnosti Poljoprivrede, šumarstva i ribarstva, Hrvatske šume d.o.o. sudjeluju u prosjeku s 84,77 % priznatih profesionalnih bolesti u promatranom razdoblju. U sklopu diskusije i zaključaka kao ključ daljnjeg unapređenja sustava upravljanja sigurnošću u Hrvatskom šumarskom sektoru naglašava se uvođenje i poboljšanje kulture sigurnosti na radnom mjestu kroz specijalizirane i cikličke programe osposobljavanja radnika s ciljem unapređenja radne tehnike, razvoj dobre dvosmjerne komunikacije, usvajanje sustava poticaja/nagrada za dobro sigurnosno ponašanje radnika i sl.
Forest harvesting, especially motor-manual felling and processing is a high-risk work process where a chainsaw is a key source of danger. Consequently, the main goal of the research is to determine the work potential for quality and safe work of chainsaw workers compared to the achieved average score of work technique. The second goal is related to the recognition of shortcomings and critical elements in work technique as a place of necessary corrections and improvements, and thus the improvement of the safety culture in forestry. The third goal of the research refers to the analysis and comparison of selected safety indicators at the level of the company Hrvatske šume Ltd., the belonging economic activity defined according to the national classification and the state of the Republic of Croatia. A total of 10,253 grades for 11 elements of work technique (Table 2) allocated in the period 2014-2018, and selected indicators of safety at work at the level of company – economic activity – state for the
period 2014-2020, were entered into the database for further processing. Descriptive and inferential statistics techniques were applied in data analysis. Average scores by working elements for the five-year period range from 2.65 to 2.95 (Figure 2), and the level of work technique expressed by the absolute average score is 2.81 (Table 3), which makes 94% of the total working potential (Pmax). The two best rated elements are the use of personal protective equipment (belongs to the C group of elements) and the pruning quality (belongs to the B group of elements), and critical elements of the chainsaw working technique are identified in Group A such as the look of safety zone (turning point) and establishing and checking of felling direction (Table 4). Analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant difference between the A and C groups of working elements (Figure 3). In the analysis of safety indicators in the period in question at the level of the company Hrvatske šume Ltd. the largest number of accidents (51.35% of all recorded injuries at the workplace) occurred during the forest harvesting phase, i.e., during motor-manual felling (Table 5). The analysed trend of the frequency of work-related injuries in the observed period at the enterprise level does not show a significant improvement, but stagnant values with less significant oscillations between years. On the other hand, the number of recognized injuries in the company Hrvatske šume Ltd. makes from 27.07% to 39.96% of the total number of recognized injuries in the economic activity Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery (Table 6). Additionally, observed through the indicator of the number of injuries per 1000 employees (Figure 4), the company Hrvatske šume Ltd. records on average twice the value of the same indicator in relation to the level of the state (12.36 injuries per 1000 employees) and the belonging economic activity (14.30 injuries per 1000 employees). Regarding the number of recognized occupational diseases in the field of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Hrvatske šume Ltd. participate on average with 84.77% of recognized occupational diseases in the observed period (Figure 5). As part of the discussion and conclusions, the key to further improving the safety management system in the Croatian forestry sector is emphasized through the introduction and improvement of the safety culture at the workplace like, for example, specialized and cyclical training programs for workers with the aim of improving work technique, developing good two-way communication, adopting a system of incentives/rewards for good safety behaviour of workers, etc.
Mining is often the subject of a study of safety and health at work as one part of industry that carries the greatest risk of injury. The most of these analyses are directed on studying the method of ...injuries of workers and procedures that can prevent injury. Financial expenditures resulting from injuries of workers in Bogovina coalmine which occurred in 2016 are analyzed in this paper. Injury costs were processed based on the available data: compensations of the insurance companies to the injured workers, gross salaries of injured workers and similar. Within these data, the 'cost of one work day lost' (COWDL) is defined. Comparison of the COWDL, based on qualification structure of the injured worker and the severity of the injuries, was performed. Also, an impact analysis of expenditures related to indemnity related to injuries at work to mine operational costs were carried out.
•Some suicides are attempted by crashing into a heavy vehicle.•Studies on heavy vehicle drivers involved in these types of crashes are lacking.•We present a one-year follow-up study of heavy vehicle ...drivers involved in a suicide crash.•Two thirds reported some kind of negative consequences on their well-being.•A routine post-crash evaluation of the need for psychological treatment is advisable.
Train and heavy vehicle drivers can experience a traumatic event caused by people attempting suicide by crashing into their vehicles or jumping in front of them. While there are a number of studies on train drivers showing the negative consequences these events can have on their well-being, there are no studies on heavy vehicle drivers involved in these types of crashes. In the current study, we surveyed Finnish heavy vehicle drivers (N = 15) involved in a suicide crash in the year 2017 regarding their experiences and coping approximately one month (T1) and one year (T2) after the crash. Ten of these drivers reported one or various combinations of measurable consequences such as minor physical injuries, shorter or longer sickness absences, significant posttraumatic stress symptoms (measured using the Impact of Events Scale-Revised) and requiring psychological help. Posttraumatic stress symptoms decreased over time; however, three out of the four drivers who had a high IES-R score at T1 were still around the IES-R cut-off score at T2. This research raises questions whether and what kind of support heavy vehicle drivers who have been involved in a suicide crash should be given.
The risk of an injury at work, occupational disease or damage to the health of employees due to danger is, lately, the common subject of numerous studies. The appropriate identification of the risks ...is the starting point for development the safety and health of the employees in a company. In order to adequately anticipate the risk based on the statistical data on incidents, e.g. injuries at work, it is necessary to identify the critical points in the enterprise. It is impossible to start in motion a risk-management plan without the serious statistics with the elaborately processed data on an injury. Most companies, conditioned by a strict legal framework in the field of safety and health at work, keep their records on injuries. However, with development in this domain, the need for a uniform database for all injuries that occur on the territory of the Republic of Serbia is created. This paper proposes the form, use and further development of the unified database for injuries at work. The base is modeled after the existing form of the report on injuries at work, and its possibilities are shown through the example of injuries that have occurred in the coal mine Bogovina in 2016.
Ozljede na radu i profesionalne bolesti radnika pouzdan su indikator procjene stanja sigurnosti pri radu. Osnovni je cilj ovoga rada odgovarajuća analiza stanja sigurnosti pri radu u Javnom poduzeću ...Šumsko-privredno društvo Zeničko-dobojskoga kantona d.o.o. Zavidovići. Predmet su analize bile ozljede na radu, profesionalne i druge bolesti šumarskih radnika u razdoblju od 2006. do 2015. godine. Ozljede su analizirane prema deset pokazatelja. U analiziranom razdoblju zabilježene su 594 ozljede na radu, od čega tri smrtna slučaja. Najviše ozljeda dogodilo se neposrednim izvršiteljima radnih operacija pridobivanja drva (66,3 %), a najrizičnija je profesija sjekač (57,7 %). Predmet rada (drvo i grane) bili su najčešći materijalni uzrok ozljeda (49,3 %), a najčešće su ozlijeđeni ekstremiteti radnika – noge i ruke (70 %). Najveći broj ozljeda zabilježen je početkom radnoga tjedna i dana. Na osnovi broja ozljeda po obujmu izrađenoga drva (314/mil. m3) te indeksa od 60 ozljeda na 1000 zaposlenika stanje sigurnosti pri radu može se ocijeniti kao iznimno nezadovoljavajuće.
Injuries at work and occupational diseases are a reliable indicator for assessing the state of occupational safety. The aim of this paper was to conduct an appropriate analysis of the state of safety at work in JP Šumsko privredno društvo Zeničko-dobojskoga kantona d.o.o. Zavidovići (Public Forest Management Company of Zenica-Doboj Canton ltd. Zavidovići). The subject of analysis were injuries at work, occupational and other diseases of forestry workers in the period 2006-2015. Injuries were analyzed based on 10 different indicators. During the analyzed period, 594 injuries were reported, three of which were fatal. The highest number of accidents was recorded in the harvesting process (66.3%), while the most hazardous occupation was that of timber cutter (57.7%). Wood and branches were the most common material cause of injury (49.3 %), and workers’ extremities (legs and arms) were the most commonly injured body part (70%). The highest number of injuries was recorded at the beginning of the working week and day. According to the number of injuries by the amount of cut wood (314/mil. m3), as well as an index of 60 injuries per 1,000, employees safety at work can be assessed as extremely unsatisfactory.
Professional heavy vehicle drivers can experience a traumatic event at work when suicidal drivers deliberately crash into their vehicles or a pedestrian jumps in front of them. This study adopts a ...qualitative approach, aiming to gain an understanding about the psychological and other consequences that these crashes have for this occupational group. We organized a semi-structured focus group meeting with six drivers who reported experiencing a deliberate crash into their vehicle. The meeting was moderated by two psychologists. The participants reported that avoiding the crash was difficult. These events can have long-lasting effects on drivers’ well-being although individual differences in the response to the event and coping strategies do exist. Participation in our meeting was regarded as a positive experience. This encourages us to believe that organizing similar meetings that allow drivers under the supervision of professionals to share their own experiences with those who experienced similar events, could perhaps be one way of providing support to such drivers who experienced a traumatic event at work.
Inicijativom Hrvatskog zavoda za zdravstveno osiguranje te tijela i institucija uključenih u rad Komunikacijske radne skupine započeo je Projekt promicanja zdravlja i sigurnosti na radu prvenstveno u ...djelatnostima u kojima je analizom podataka iz informacijskog sustava Hrvatskog zavoda za zdravstveno osiguranje u proteklom razdoblju uočen visok broj prijavljenih ozljeda na radu. Uzimajući u obzir činjenicu da je u razdoblju od 2009. do 2018. (s iznimkom 2012. g.) djelatnost bolnica na prvom mjestu po broju prijavljenih ozljeda na radu te da su klinički bolnički centri poslodavci s najvećim brojem prijavljenih ozljeda na radu u djelatnosti bolnica, u koordinaciji s Nacionalnim programom zaštite zdravlja na radu osoba zaposlenih u djelatnosti zdravstvene zaštite za razdoblje 2015.–2020., cilj ovog Projekta je promicanjem zdravlja i sigurnosti na radu u ovoj djelatnosti postići smanjenje rizika za zdravlje na radnom mjestu te posljedično utjecati na povećanje razine sigurnosti, zdravlja i zadovoljstva djelatnika. Rezultati provedenih analiza te anketnog ispitivanja djelatnika kliničkih bolničkih centara ukazuju na područja u kojima ima prostora za poboljšanje te na sadržaje na koje treba usmjeriti planirane edukacije u sklopu specifične zdravstvene zaštite radnika s ciljem osnaživanja kulture sigurnosti i prevencije u ovoj djelatnosti.
Acting on the initiative of the Croatian Health Insurance Fund and other bodies and institutions involved in the activities of the Communication Task Force, the Workplace Health and Safety Improvement Project has been put in motion, first of all in those work segments with high number of reported work-related injuries as gathered from the data collected by the IT sector of the Croatian Health Insurance Fund over a specified period of time. Between 2009 and 2018 (with the exception of 2012) hospital work leads in the number of reported injuries with the largest clinical hospitals showing the highest incidence of reported injuries. Thus, working in coordination with the National Safety and Health Care Programme designed for health care workers for 2015-2020, the aim of this Project is to reduce risks and improve the safety and health in this type of work hoping to raise the feeling of safety, personal health and happiness among the health care workers. The results of the analysis carried out within the Project and results of the survey of clinical hospital staff indicate the areas with a potential for improvement and also help in designing planned educational programs within the framework of specific health care of workers aiming strengthening the culture of safety and prevention in hospital activities.
Large amounts of the data gathered in organizations through business operations won’t have utility value unless they are used in a proper way. With growing amount of data, the issue of their storage, ...processing and analysis is becoming more complex. The proper data usage and analysis should provide guidance, solutions and the basis for predictions with the objective of improving and initiating future smart decisions based on the acquired results. Data mining is the tool which exactly enables discovering of emerging patterns and important business information. This work presents the example of Data Mining implementation in the field of workplace health, safety and welfare at HIP- Petrohemija, in Pančevo, as well as various approaches of data analysis and processing by various authors in this field.
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