Despite all the benefits of small cells in heterogeneous networks (HetNets) such as coverage improvement and spectral efficiency, they may cause additional interferences. Interference alignment (IA) ...by cell clustering is a possible candidate to manage HetNets interferences. Several picocells coexist within a microcell area while the nodes that cause interferences in a similar range of the desired signals are grouped in a cluster. IA removes the intra-cluster interferences, and the strong remaining interferences are estimated by interference detection. The simulation results show improvement in the symbol-error rate by the proposed scheme.
Iron studies are critical for diagnosing iron deficiency and hemochromatosis. We present a case exhibiting macrocytic anemia with perplexingly high plasma iron concentrations.
The initial clinical ...presentation with significantly elevated iron results raised concerns for hemochromatosis. However, inconsistent results in dilution studies suggested the presence of an interfering substance. Inspection of the reaction curves from the instrument revealed very high background absorption in the 800 nm channel. This, coupled with the observation of an insoluble precipitate upon mixing the acid buffer reagent with the patient’s serum, as well as the patient’s high total protein and low albumin levels, suggested immunoglobulin overproduction. Serum protein electrophoresis confirmed a monoclonal gammopathy with a subsequent diagnosis of multiple myeloma.
Excessive monoclonal immunoglobulins can precipitate in acidic buffers and interfere with spectrophotometric measurements in iron testing. Although challenging, investigating an interference and determining its cause can uncover underlying diseases that have yet to be diagnosed.
Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) techniques can be utilised in several wireless systems, such as LTE-A and fifth generation. However, inter-user interferences (IEIs) and intra-user interferences (IAIs) ...may degrade the quality of service in joint transmission (JT), CoMP systems. To suppress these interferences, the authors design an interference mitigation scheme via interference alignment (IA) and channel diagonalisation (IMS-IACD), which is implemented through a local two-step precoder-and-receiver design process. First, IA is employed to force the IEIs of each user into the interfering space. Second, the IAIs of each user are effectively suppressed by channel diagonalisation with a selective method. Performance analyses show that the IMS-IACD is feasible in general JT scenarios. The IMS-IACD does not contain any iterative process and superabundant information interaction. The structure of receiver generated by the authors’ channel diagonalisation method is quite simple, so the energy consumption can be saved by using this receiver. Moreover, computational complexities of the IMS-IACD and traditional schemes are in the same order of magnitude, and simulation results illustrate that the IMS-IACD improves the bit error rates and data rates for users.
Lʼouvrage de Lucia Ráčková et de François Schmitt, intitulé Les interférences linguistiques du français sur le slovaque. Lʼexemple du système verbal (2019), fait porter notre attention sur des ...questions liées au contact des langues et traite du transfert linguistique que ce contact est susceptible dʼengendrer. Quoique cette thématique centrale soit déjà bien développée par les sciences du langage, les auteurs réussissent à la présenter ici dans une perspective nouvelle à travers les relations entre le français et le slovaque.
CA 19-9: Biochemical and Clinical Aspects Scarà, Salvatore; Bottoni, Patrizia; Scatena, Roberto
Advances in experimental medicine and biology,
2015, Letnik:
867
Journal Article
Recenzirano
CA19-9 (carbohydrate antigen 19-9, also called cancer antigen 19-9 or sialylated Lewis a antigen) is the most commonly used and best validated serum tumor marker for pancreatic cancer diagnosis in ...symptomatic patients and for monitoring therapy in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Normally synthesized by normal human pancreatic and biliary ductal cells and by gastric, colon, endometrial and salivary epithelia, CA 19-9 is present in small amounts in serum, and can be over expressed in several benign gastrointestinal disorders. Importantly, it exhibits a dramatic increase in its plasmatic levels during neoplastic disease. However, several critical aspects for its clinical use, such as false negative results in subjects with Lewis (a-b-) genotype and false positive elevation, occasional and transient, in patients with benign diseases, together with its poor positive predictive value (72.3 %), do not make it a good cancer-specific marker and renders it impotent as a screening tool. In the last years a large number of putative biomarkers for pancreatic cancer have been proposed, most of which is lacking of large scale validation. In addition, none of these has showed to possess the requisite sensitivity/specificity to be introduced in clinical use. Therefore, although with important limitations we well-know, CA 19-9 continues being the only pancreatic cancer marker actually in clinical use.
This paper investigates beampattern synthesis methods based on a novel Receive Delay Array (RDA) to mitigate interferences located in the mainlobe of the beampattern. In our system design, the RDA is ...developed by transmitting a stepped frequency linear frequency modulation waveform and delaying the received echo with a small time offset between adjacent receive antenna elements. In doing so, a range-angle-dependent beampattern is obtained in the joint transmit-receive spatial domain. A two-stage beamforming scheme, including the equivalent data-independent transmit beamforming and dimension-reduced data-dependent receive beamforming, is then proposed to mitigate mainlobe interferences. Furthermore, according to the adaptive array theory, by designing a transmit weight vector dependent of the interference steering vector, two beampattern synthesis algorithms are developed respectively based on the maximum gain and minimum deviation to adjust multiple responses of the transmit beampattern precisely. The mainlobe of the receive beampattern is also broadened with the use of the derivative constraint. By combining the devised transmit and receive weight vectors, a two-dimensional joint transmit-receive beampattern with a flat-top mainlobe and broadened nulls can be formed, where the interferences are mitigated against the direction-of-arrival (DOA) mismatch. Theoretical and practical analysis as well as parametric studies are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed beampattern synthesis methods in mitigating mainlobe interferences.
The salicylate method is one of the ammonia quantification methods that has been extensively used in literature for quantifying ammonia in the emerging field of nitrogen (electro)fixation. The ...presence of iron in the sample causes a strong negative interference on the salicylate method. Today, the recommended method to deal with such interferences is the experimental correction method: the iron concentration in the sample is measured using an iron quantification method, and then the corresponding amount of iron is added to the calibration samples. The limitation of this method is that when a batch of samples presents a great iron concentration variability, a different calibration curve has to be obtained for each sample. In this work, the interference of iron III on the salicylate method was experimentally quantified, and a model was proposed to capture the effect of iron III interference on the ammonia quantification result. This model can be used to correct the iron III interferences on ammonia quantification. The great advantage of this correction method is that it only requires three experimental curves in order to correct the iron III interference in any sample provided the iron III concentration is below the total peak suppression concentration.
This research is aimed at explaining the form of language interferences in bukalapak advertisement edisi during January - July 2017. This research used descriptive qualitative method through ...sociolinguistics approach. The object of the research were the utterances in the Bukalapak advertisement which display by official youtube during Januari up to July 2017. The total number of data used was 131 data. Those data were collected through recording and notetaking. Based on the data analysis, it is found that there is interferences in the Bukalapak advertisement which display by official youtube during Januari up to July 2017. The phonology interferences is divided into two types namely deletion of the sound and addition of the sound. While the morphology interference is the errors in affixation on some Indonesian words.
A growing body of work suggests that in some circumstances, humans may be capable of ascribing mental states to others in a way that is fast, cognitively efficient, and implicit (implicit mentalizing ...hypothesis). However, the interpretation of this work has recently been challenged by suggesting that the observed effects may reflect "submentalizing" effects of attention and memory, with no ascription of mental states (submentalizing hypothesis). The present study employed a strong test between these hypotheses by examining whether apparently automatic processing of another's visual perspective is influenced by experience-dependent beliefs about whether that person can see. Altercentric interference was observed when participants judged their own perspective on stimuli involving an avatar wearing goggles that participants believed to be transparent but not when they believed the goggles to be opaque. These results are consistent with participants ascribing mental states to the avatar and not with the submentalizing hypothesis that altercentric interference arises merely because avatars cue shifts in spatial attention.
The present study aimed at investigating the effect of the L1 negative transfer on the writing of EFL Saudi students. It examined the common grammatical errors that Saudi students made while writing ...in English and analyzed the sources of their errors. The samples consisted of English essays written by 74 freshmen female students enrolled at Majmaah University in Saudi Arabia. The samples were analyzed and the errors classified according to grammatical sub-categories including tenses, singular/plural markers, prepositions, articles and pronouns. This study found that 81% of the students' errors can be accounted for in terms of L1 transfer. Grammatical errors were the most frequent ones, recording 67% of the total rate of errors. More specifically, preposition (40%) and tense (32%) errors constituted the most frequent subcategories of the grammatical errors. It was concluded that learning basic linguistic differences between Saudi students' L1 and English language is a necessary condition for helping the learners to overcome the problem of first language interference in their writing.
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