Objective
Systematic understanding of patients’ unmet needs is essential for providing effective supportive care. This study sought to compare the unmet needs of patients with cancer identified by ...health care providers (HCPs) among four major healthcare systems.
Methods
HCPs (
n
= 247) participated in the International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) Survivorship Online Survey, evaluating their patients’ unmet needs. The country of HCPs was grouped into four major healthcare systems: Beveridge model, Bismarck model, National Health Insurance model, and out-of-pocket model.
Results
Most HCPs were from countries with the Bismarck model. Substantial levels (> 50%) of unmet needs in all domains are reported across the four healthcare systems. Pediatric patients/survivors living in countries under out-of-pocket healthcare model were evaluated to have less unmet needs for managing decline in physical or cognitive functioning and insomnia/sleep difficulty/fatigue, than those in countries under Beveridge, Bismarck, and National Health Insurance models. Moreover, middle-aged patients/survivors under Beveridge and National Health Insurance models were likely to have greater unmet needs for dealing with cancer-related financial concerns than those under Bismarck model.
Conclusion
This study provides valuable insights into the unmet needs of patients with cancer in different healthcare systems, highlighting the significance of targeted interventions to address the unique needs of patients across diverse healthcare systems. Further investigation is warranted to identify the system factors associated with patients’ unmet needs, enabling the development of effective healthcare policies and interventions to comprehensively address the multifaceted needs of patients with cancer.
The criminal justice system plays a pivotal role in addressing the safety of victims of intimate partner abuse (IPA). Over the past 40 years, most changes in the criminal justice response to IPA have ...been made with the intention of improving support to abused women and their children. However, a growing body of research shows there are many men who are victims of IPA. This qualitative study explored the help-seeking experiences of 38 abused men within the criminal justice system in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Twelve online focus groups (three in each country) were conducted and themes were identified inductively at a semantic level. Thematic analysis identified that most of their experiences were negative and reflected the gender paradigm embedded in the criminal justice response. This study offers insights into the relevance of a gender-inclusive criminal justice response in addressing IPA.
Co-published with What do university leaders need to know and be able to do to internationalize their institutions This volume provides senior professionals in international education, increasingly ...known as Senior International Officers (SIOs), with the foundational knowledge that informs leadership practices, together with suggested strategies for implementing and developing the wide range of functions, activities and skills associated with comprehensive internationalization that will ensure effective support for their institutions' educational mission in today's globalized and interdependent world. This book addresses strategic leadership issues in internationalization including strategic planning, shaping the curriculum, recruiting students, risk management, and developing partnerships. Throughout, the Association of International Education Administrators' (AIEA) Standards of Professional Practice for SIOs and International Education Leaders (reproduced in the appendix) are integrated as a point of reference, providing a much needed guide for international education leaders.This resource is a vital starting point for anyone in a senior leadership role in higher education, as well as for anyone desiring to understand more about this key leadership position essential to higher education institutions in developing institutional global capacity and in educating global-ready graduates.
This paper identifies, within companies' sectors of activity, predictors of Human Resource (HR) policies to extend working life (EWL) in light of increasing policy efforts at the European level to ...extend working life. Three types of EWL practices are investigated: the prevention of early retirement (i.e. encouraging employees to continue working until the legal retirement age); delay of retirement (i.e. encouraging employees to continue working beyond the legal retirement age); and, recruitment of employees who are already retired (i.e. unretirement). A sample of 4624 European organizations that was stratified by size and sector is analyzed in six countries. The main drivers for companies' EWL practices are the implementation of measures for older workers to improve their performance, their working conditions, and to reduce costs. In industry, the qualities and skills of older workers could be more valued than in other sectors, while the adoption of EWL practices might be less affected by external economic and labor market factors in the public sector. Dutch and Italian employers may be less prone than others to extend working lives. These results underline the importance of raising employers' awareness and increase their actions to extend employees' working lives by adopting age management initiatives, especially in SMEs, and in the services and public sectors.
There are only a few instruments that assess for parentification in adults and even fewer that examine current levels of parentification among adolescents. The original Parentification Inventory (PI; ...Hooper, 2009) was developed to assess for parentification—a family caregiving process abdicated by adults to children—among adults in the United States. The current study evaluated the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the PI scores for its use in Polish-speaking adolescents (N = 272). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the current PI holds its original three-factor structure among the current sample and thus supports its use in Polish adolescents.
To be competitive, universities across the world are embedding an international perspective into every layer of an institution’s operational structure. For higher education (HE) providers that offer ...sandwich degrees (4-year undergraduate courses with a compulsory placement after the second year), this allows students to choose a range of options. Students can enter the labour market for one year, or they can go overseas to study at a foreign institution. For some students, it might even be possible to do both. However, regarding final year degree performance, which option leads to higher student performance? In this paper, we aim to shed light on this empirical question. Our results are drawn from Aston University (UK) which is a world-leading University in Advanced Technology. Overall, using a large student dataset, we find that for students who have a compulsory placement built into their degree programme, the work placement has a more powerful impact on student performance compared to an international study placement abroad. Our findings have important implications for universities across the world that offer sandwich degrees to their students.
Assessing the initial severity of immunoglobulin A vasculitis nephritis (IgAV-N) is important due to its determining effect on kidney management and outcomes. This paper describes a multicentre ...paediatric cohort of IgAV-N patients and discusses relationships among clinical presentation, histological features, and kidney outcome. We retrospectively studied a cohort of 170 children with biopsy-proven IgAV-N, diagnosed between 2007 and 2017. One-quarter of the cohort (27%) presented with initial nephrotic syndrome (NS). Kidney biopsy revealed International Study of Kidney Disease (ISKDC) grade II or grade III in 83% of cases. Endocapillary proliferation was observed in 73% of patients, and chronic lesions were observed in 25%. Data analysis showed a significant association between NS at onset and endocapillary proliferation and cellular crescents. After a median follow-up of 21 months (IQR 12–39), 30% of patients had persistent proteinuria or decreased eGFR. At the end of follow-up, kidney impairment was more often observed in patients with NS at onset and those with cellular crescents and chronic lesions on initial kidney biopsy.
Conclusion
: This study highlights the relationship between the clinical and histological presentation of IgAV-N and the factors that affect kidney outcome. The ISKDC classification may be improved by including lesions that are more discriminating for disease severity and prognosis.
What is Known:
• Nephrotic syndrome (NS) or kidney failure at diagnosis and cellular crescents in more than 50% of the glomeruli are recognized as risk factors for poor kidney outcome in immunoglobulin A vasculitis nephritis (IgAV-N).
• The reference histological classification of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC) is primarily based on the presence and number of affected glomeruli (mesangial proliferation, cellular crescents). The updated Oxford classification, which emphasizes tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis, is also used to group pathological features of IgAV-N. Both classifications have limitations.
What is New:
• Medical treatment should not be postponed in patients with IgAV-N and NS until after biopsy, as NS at diagnosis is associated with initial histological severity and poorer kidney outcome. This proposal needs to be verified in further studies.
• Endocapillary proliferation is associated with the initial severity of IgAV-N at diagnosis, while chronic glomerular changes and interstitial fibrosis are associated with poorer short- and medium-term kidney outcomes.
Socio-demographic correlates and human development index (HDI) are associated with self-reported physical activity, but only a few studies have focused on device-measured physical activity and ...sedentary time in Latin America. We examined the relationship between socio-demographic correlates and HDI with physical activity and sedentary time in a cross-sectional study.
We based our analyses on 2522 (53.1% women; 18-65 years mean age 38.3 years) adults drawn from the eight Latin America countries. Physical activity (light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity and steps) and sedentary time were assessed using Actigraph GT3X + accelerometers. Sex, age, and race/ethnicity were self-reported. The HDI country information was obtained from the United Nations Development Program.
For the age, ethnicity, vigorous physical activity and steps/day, there were significant differences between high and very high HDI countries. Women and younger age presented lower sedentary time than men and older. In moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, we found lower duration in women (-13.4 min/week), younger age (-0.1 min/week), and white/caucasian (-2.7 min/week) than men, older ages and mixed ethnicity. Women (-1266.5 steps/week) and very high HDI (-847.3 steps/week) presented lower steps than men and high HDI. Black (2853.9 steps/week), other (1785.4 steps/week), and white/caucasian ethnicity (660.6 steps/week) showed higher steps than mixed ethnicity.
Different socio-demographic correlates are associated with physical activity intensity; however, HDI is associated with vigorous physical activity and steps in the Latin American region, which can in turn guide policies to promote physical activity in the region.
ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT02226627 . Retrospectively registered on August 27, 2014.
As Artificial Intelligence and social robots are increasingly used in health and social care, it is imperative to explore the training needs of the workforce, factoring in their cultural background.
...Explore views on perceived training needs among professionals around the world and how these related to country cultures.
Cross-sectional, descriptive, mixed-methods international online survey.
Descriptive statistical analysis explored the ranking across countries and relationships with three Hofstede cultural dimensions. Thematic analysis was conducted on the open-ended text responses.
A sample of N = 1284 participants from eighteen countries. Knowing the capabilities of the robots was ranked as the top training need across all participating countries and this was also reflected in the thematic analysis. Participants' culture, expressed through three Hofstede's dimensions, revealed statistically significant ranking differences.
Future research should further explore other factors such as the level of digital maturity of the workplace.
Training needs of health and social care staff to use robotics are fast growing and preparation should factor in patient safety and be based on the principles of person- and culture-centred care.
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