Earthquake‐induced landslide (EQIL) inventories are essential tools to extend our knowledge of the relationship between earthquakes and the landslides they can trigger. Regrettably, such inventories ...are difficult to generate and therefore scarce, and the available ones differ in terms of their quality and level of completeness. Moreover, access to existing EQIL inventories is currently difficult because there is no centralized database. To address these issues, we compiled EQIL inventories from around the globe based on an extensive literature study. The database contains information on 363 landslide‐triggering earthquakes and includes 66 digital landslide inventories. To make these data openly available, we created a repository to host the digital inventories that we have permission to redistribute through the U.S. Geological Survey ScienceBase platform. It can grow over time as more authors contribute their inventories. We analyze the distribution of EQIL events by time period and location, more specifically breaking down the distribution by continent, country, and mountain region. Additionally, we analyze frequency distributions of EQIL characteristics, such as the approximate area affected by landslides, total number of landslides, maximum distance from fault rupture zone, and distance from epicenter when the fault plane location is unknown. For the available digital EQIL inventories, we examine the underlying characteristics of landslide size, topographic slope, roughness, local relief, distance to streams, peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and Modified Mercalli Intensity. Also, we present an evaluation system to help users assess the suitability of the available inventories for different types of EQIL studies and model development.
Key Points
The available information on earthquake‐induced landslide data is cataloged
The quality, completeness, and representation of earthquake‐induced landslide inventories are discussed
A scoring method for an overall evaluation of earthquake‐induced landslide inventories is proposed
Cooperative game theory and inventory management Fiestras-Janeiro, M.G.; García-Jurado, I.; Meca, A. ...
European journal of operational research,
05/2011, Letnik:
210, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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Supply chain management is related to the coordination of materials, products and information flows among suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers and customers involved in producing and ...delivering a final product or service. In this setting the centralization of inventory management and coordination of actions, to further reduce costs and improve customer service level, is a relevant issue. In this paper, we provide a review of the applications of cooperative game theory in the management of centralized inventory systems. Besides, we introduce and study a new model of centralized inventory: a multi-client distribution network.
► Review of inventory systems with deterioration. ► Classification of Goyal and Giri (EJOR, 2001) used. ► Over 200 articles 2001–2011 reviewed. ► Contributions highlighted by system characteristics.
...This paper presents an up-to-date review of the advances made in the field of inventory control of perishable items (deteriorating inventory). The last extensive review on this topic dates back to 2001 (Goyal S.K. and Giri B.C., Recent trends in modeling of deteriorating inventory, European Journal of Operational Research, 134, 1–16). Since then, over two hundred articles on this subject have been published in the major journals on inventory control, indicating the need for a new review. We use the classification of Goyal and Giri based on shelf life characteristics and demand characteristics. Contributions are highlighted by discussing main system characteristics, including price discounts, backordering or lost sales, single or multiple items, one or two warehouses, single or multi-echelon, average cost or discounted cash flow, and payment delay.
We analyze a joint pricing and inventory control problem for a perishable product with a fixed lifetime over a finite horizon. In each period, demand depends on the price of the current period plus ...an additive random term. Inventories can be intentionally disposed of, and those that reach their lifetime have to be disposed of. The objective is to find a joint pricing, ordering, and disposal policy to maximize the total expected discounted profit over the planning horizon taking into account linear ordering cost, inventory holding and backlogging or lost-sales penalty cost, and disposal cost. Employing the concept of
L
-concavity, we show some monotonicity properties of the optimal policies. Our results shed new light on perishable inventory management, and our approach provides a significantly simpler proof of a classical structural result in the literature. Moreover, we identify bounds on the optimal order-up-to levels and develop an effective heuristic policy. Numerical results show that our heuristic policy performs well in both stationary and nonstationary settings. Finally, we show that our approach also applies to models with random lifetimes and inventory rationing models with multiple demand classes.
We consider an inventory routing problem in which a supplier delivers goods to customers over a given planning period. Before the advent of the supply chain management concept, customers usually ...applied a (s,S) policy for the inventory management. The supplier then, on the basis of the distribution schedule determined by the customers, organized the distribution routes. In an integrated approach, the supplier has access to the inventory levels at the customers and knowledge of their demand process. On the basis of this information the supplier organizes a complete distribution plan, determining the days of visit, quantities to deliver, and distribution routes. This integrated policy is called vendor‐managed inventory policy. We solve the optimization problems arising in the traditional and integrated management, and analyze the two approaches, comparing the costs and characteristics of the different solutions.
The inventory-routing problem (IRP) dates back 30 years. It can be described as the combination of vehicle-routing and inventory management problems, in which a supplier has to deliver products to a ...number of geographically dispersed customers, subject to side constraints. It provides integrated logistics solutions by simultaneously optimizing inventory management, vehicle routing, and delivery scheduling. Some exact algorithms and several powerful metaheuristic and matheuristic approaches have been developed for this class of problems, especially in recent years. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of this literature, based on a new classification of the problem. We categorize IRPs with respect to their structural variants and the availability of information on customer demand.
"Inventory Analytics provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the theory and practice of inventory control – a significant research area central to supply chain planning. The book ...outlines the foundations of inventory systems and surveys prescriptive analytics models for deterministic inventory control. It further discusses predictive analytics techniques for demand forecasting in inventory control and also examines prescriptive analytics models for stochastic inventory control. Inventory Analytics is the first book of its kind to adopt a practicable, Python-driven approach to illustrating theories and concepts via computational examples, with each model covered in the book accompanied by its Python code. Originating as a collection of self-contained lectures, Inventory Analytics will be an indispensable resource for practitioners, researchers, teachers, and students alike."
► We explicitly assume positive costs of inventory financing in a supply chain. ► The contracts in prior literature fail to yield joint profit maximization with direct financing. ► We show that a ...supplier can make its retailer work for the entire supply chain with trade-credit. ► We derive the optimal risk premium in the trade-credit for supply chain coordination.
Trade-credit is a seller’s short-term loan to the buyer, allowing the buyer to delay payment of an invoice. It has been the largest source of working capital for a majority of business-to-business firms in the United States. Numerous theories have been proposed to explain trade-credit, mainly from finance perspectives. It has also been an important issue in supply chain management. Surprisingly, most literature in supply chain management has examined the retailer’s stocking policies given a supplier’s trade-credit. This paper attempts to shed light on trade-credit from a supplier’s perspective, and presents it as a tool for supply chain coordination. Specifically, we explicitly assume firms’ financial needs for inventory. Following a Newsvendor framework, we assume that the supplier grants trade-credit and markdown allowance. Given the supplier’s offer, the retailer determines order quantity and the financing option for the inventory, either trade-credit or direct financing from a financial institution. Our result shows that the supplier’s markdown allowance alone cannot fully coordinate the supply chain if the retailer employs direct financing. Positive financing costs call for trade-credit in order to subsidize the retailer’s costs of inventory financing. Using trade-credit in addition to markdown allowance, the supplier fully coordinates the retailer’s decisions for the largest joint profit, and extracts a greater portion of the maximized joint profit.
The reduction of the electricity demand during peak periods is considered a main objective of electricity load management. It can relieve the financial pressure of the investment on the capacity ...expansion for the power grid in the United States. Compared to a great deal of research on commercial and residential building sectors, few studies on the electricity demand reduction during peak periods for industrial manufacturing systems have been conducted due to the concern of system throughput variation and the complexity of modern manufacturing systems. This paper presents a novel “Just-for-Peak” buffer inventory methodology to reduce the electricity consumption without compromising system throughput during peak periods for typical manufacturing systems with multiple machines and buffers. Nonlinear Integer Programming (NIP) formulation is used to establish the mathematical model. The optimal buffer inventory management policies and corresponding load management actions for the whole system are identified by minimizing the holding cost of the “Just-for-Peak” buffer inventory and energy consumption cost under the system throughput constraint throughout the production horizon. A numerical case study based on an automotive assembly line is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The use of global suppliers has increased considerably over the last three decades. Operations management theory establishes that global sourcing requires more units of inventory, but since these ...units are often procured at a lower cost from global suppliers the capital invested in inventory and the consequent financial burden may increase or decrease with global sourcing. This study provides rigorous firm-level empirical evidence that links the global sourcing practices of public U.S. firms and their inventory investments. We process bill of lading manifests (customs forms) to extract information on over half a million sea shipments from global suppliers to U.S. public firms and link this information with quarterly financial data from the Compustat database. We provide stylized facts on the participation of different firms and sectors in global trade. Using a simultaneous equation model, we find that an increase in global sourcing results in an increase in inventory investment. A 10% shift in sourcing from domestic to global suppliers increases the inventory investment by 8.8% for an average firm in our sample. We also find that increasing the number of suppliers can mitigate this increase in inventory investment: for example, going from single to dual sourcing reduces inventory investment by about 11%. We illustrate the use of our estimates to identify the impact of changing global sourcing strategy on inventory investment and operational performance metrics.
This paper was accepted by Martin Lariviere, operations management
.
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