The second and third volumes of the series "Italo-Brazilian Studies of Labour Law and Social Security" are dedicated to the analysis of the discipline of flexible labour contracts in force in the two ...legal systems. With the participation of important scholars from both countries, the volumes offer a comprehensive examination of the evolution of flexibility in the Italian and Brazilian labour markets through an in-depth examination of the main forms of relationships other than the traditional but less central one of full-time and open-ended employment.
The second and third volumes of the series "Italo-Brazilian Studies of Labour Law and Social Security" are dedicated to the analysis of the discipline of flexible labour contracts in force in the two ...legal systems. With the participation of important scholars from both countries, the volumes offer a comprehensive examination of the evolution of flexibility in the Italian and Brazilian labour markets through an in-depth examination of the main forms of relationships other than the traditional but less central one of full-time and open-ended employment. The publication of the volume in Italian and Portuguese is intended to facilitate, in keeping with the aim of the Series, the circulation of legal knowledge between the two countries.
In recent years, research on mindfulness has burgeoned across several lines of scholarship. Nevertheless, very little empirical research has investigated mindfulness from a workplace perspective. In ...the study reported here, we address this oversight by examining workplace mindfulness – the degree to which individuals are mindful in their work setting. We hypothesize that, in a dynamic work environment, workplace mindfulness is positively related to job performance and negatively related to turnover intention, and that these relationships account for variance beyond the effects of constructs occupying a similar conceptual space – namely, the constituent dimensions of work engagement (vigor, dedication, and absorption). Testing these claims in a dynamic service industry context, we find support for a positive relationship between workplace mindfulness and job performance that holds even when accounting for all three work engagement dimensions. We also find support for a negative relationship between workplace mindfulness and turnover intention, though this relationship becomes insignificant when accounting for the dimensions of work engagement. We consider the theoretical and practical implications of these findings and highlight a number of avenues for conducting research on mindfulness in the workplace.
This study examined the economic and social exchanges between employee and employer within a model in which perceived organizational support and affective and continuance commitment served as ...predictors and performance, altruism citizenship behavior, absence, and lateness served as outcomes. Two samples were used. 384 master of business administration students participated in Study 1, and Study 2 consisted of 181 aerospace employees and their managers, working for a single organization. Both studies supported the distinctiveness between economic and social exchanges. Study 2 showed the overall fit of the proposed model was adequate, though only social exchange, and not economic exchange, directly predicted the performance outcomes. These results suggest the importance of perceived exchanges between employee and employer.
We investigate the relationships between two types of change-oriented leadership (transformational leadership and managerial openness) and subordinate improvement-oriented voice in a two-phase study. ...Findings from 3,149 employees and 223 managers in a restaurant chain indicate that openness is more consistently related to voice, given controls for numerous individual differences in subordinates' personality, satisfaction, and job demography. This relationship is shown to be mediated by subordinate perceptions of psychological safety, illustrating the importance of leaders in subordinate assessments of the risks of speaking up. Also, leadership behaviors have the strongest impact on the voice behavior of the best-performing employees.
The essay examines the challenges related to the industrial relations system in the Metaverse. After analysing the current national and European regulatory framework, the Author focuses on collective ...information rights, as the main tool through which achieving a balance between AI and social rights. In this context, the company-level collective agreements appear the most appropriate tool to ensure an adequate protection. Within such a framework, trade unions are called upon to rediscover their own role of employee representation and also involvement.
This paper draws on research on fisheries based in Taiwan and Thailand, to build an exploratory framework that identifies diverse and multilayered causes for unacceptable working conditions in ...industrial fisheries. We break down labour relations and working conditions into various elements that can be examined separately, including facilitation of individual and collective actions by workers, wages, recruitment, the role of crewing agencies, employment mobilities, mode of travel to a vessel, type of vessel and gear, locations of ports, working hours, physical and mental abuse, and everyday living conditions, including access to health care. Poor or good performance among these elements do not necessarily co-vary, and that policy actions to improve each of elements are distinct. Although the spotlight has been on labour conditions in Thai fisheries, we observe how there is significant room for improvement in Taiwanese fisheries, particularly the distant water fisheries, and that the improvements in Thailand suggests policy actions for the Taiwan fisheries. While improvements in working conditions require government regulation, monitoring and inspection, it is also crucial to facilitate the ability of workers to improve their situations through individual and collective action.
•Frameworks for explaining unacceptable working conditions need to be broadened.•Comparative analysis sheds insights into diverse, multi-layered causes.•Distant water fisheries continue to face labour challenges.•Policies that facilitate worker actions are important to address labour concerns.
The Precariat Standing, Guy
2011, 2014, 2011-02-28, 20110101
eBook, Book
Odprti dostop
This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. This book presents the Precariat – an emerging class, comprising ...the rapidly growing number of people facing lives of insecurity, moving in and out of jobs that give little meaning to their lives. Guy Standing argues that this class is producing instabilities in society. Although it would be wrong to characterise members of the Precariat as victims, many are frustrated and angry. The Precariat is dangerous because it is internally divided, leading to the villainisation of migrants and other vulnerable groups. Lacking agency, its members may be susceptible to the siren calls of political extremism. To prevent a ‘politics of inferno’, Guy Standing argues for a ‘politics of paradise’, in which redistribution and income security are reconfi gured in a new kind of Good Society, and in which the fears and aspirations of the Precariat are made central to a progressive strategy.
► We analyse two anti-gold mining movements in Argentina and Chile. ► Local movements deployed environmental justice claims. ► First protests were mainly about recognition and participation. ► ...Distributive concerns arose during the development of the conflict. ► Decision making procedures and jumping scale processes fostered this change.
The present article examines two Latin American gold mining conflicts, one in the city of Esquel (Patagonia in Argentina) and the other in Pascua–Lama (Chilean border with Argentina). We identify the emergence of three dimensions of environmental justice (distribution, recognition, participation) in the anti-mining movements of these two cases. The study finds that some dimensions of justice appear first (participation and recognition), while distribution emerges later, as movements
jump scales engaging with national and international networks that provide a systemic perspective of the conflicts. The findings are consistent with other studies that refer to environmental justice as multi-scalar and context related. We also point to the relevance of studying decision-making procedures and
jumping scales to understand how environmental justice claims are framed in resource extraction conflicts.
Labor unions and tax aggressiveness Chyz, James A.; Ching Leung, Winnie Siu; Zhen Li, Oliver ...
Journal of financial economics,
06/2013, Letnik:
108, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
We examine the impact of unionization on firms' tax aggressiveness. We find a negative association between firms' tax aggressiveness and union power and a decrease in tax aggressiveness after labor ...union election wins. This relation is consistent with labor unions influencing managers' in one, or both, of two ways: (1) constraining managers' ability to invest in tax aggressiveness through increased monitoring; or (2) decreasing returns to tax aggressiveness that arise from unions' rent seeking behavior. We also find preliminary evidence that the market expects these reductions around union elections and discounts firms that likely add shareholder value via aggressive tax strategies.
