NEOLOGISMOS NO PORTUGUÊS DE RORAIMA Eliabe dos Santos Procópio; Everton Oliveira Silva
Muiraquitã,
12/2022, Letnik:
10, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The present study identifies and characterizes neologisms in the Brazilian Portuguese spoken in the Northern state of Roraima. To this end, it discusses the concept of neologism (ALVES, 1996; ...GUILBERT, 1973) and its classification criteria (MATIELLO, 2017; JESUS, 2018; CARVALHO, 2009); its methodology is based on Hartmann and James (1998), and comprises the use of the introspection method, textual research (compilation of a corpus), the collection of informal conversations and comparison between collected data and general dictionaries and corpora. The results indicate that (1) some neologisms are typical (they seem to be used across the Northern region of Brazil),whereas others are specific to the state of Roraima; as the former were found to be prevalent, this confirms the relationship between Roraima Portuguese and other Northern varieties; (2) the neologism pattern is formal, which makes it possible to create new lexical units based on previous models (by analogy); (3) loan-type neologisms come from contact with indigenous peoples and with Venezuelans; (4) there are many Tupi-based neologisms, and they are already included in dictionaries; (5) loans from other indigenous languages are scarce, due to colonizing policies that sought to erase autochthonous cultures; (6) no Anglicisms from Guyana were found, despite the intense border exchange with the neighboring country; and (7) general Portuguese dictionaries present inconsistencies as to dating, initials and location of words linked to the Roraima context.
The lesbophobic lexicon in Peru is created by the rejection of lesbian women because of their sexual orientation. The objectives of this paper are the following: to identify insulting lexical ...constructs against lesbians in Peruvian virtual forums and to interpret them as representations of symbolic violence and performative acts of hate speech. Methodologically, seven lexemes (“camionera”, “machito”, “chito”, “machorra”, “machona”, “marimacha”, “tortera”, “marimacha”) that are used in the interactions of forum members are selected. To study the semiotic signifiers and meanings, we start from the definitions proposed by academic dictionaries, particularly on Peruvianisms, and then contrast them with the social meanings situated in the discourses of the forum members; subsequently, we explain that the lexical voices generate and reproduce violence and hatred against the group of lesbian women. The article concludes that the lesbophobic repertoire perpetuates practices of symbolic violence and maintains aggressive discourses of rejection.
Recensione E. Gherbezza, Dizionario di italianismi in russo, Milano, Centro Ambrosiano, 2019, pp. 377, (“Fonti e Studi”, 32). The dictionary is devoted to the collection of Italian loanwords in ...Russian from the Middle Ages to Modern time. The author, drawing on a huge range of lexicographic sources, provides 1005 Italian entry words, and adds up-to-date information about their story, borrowing and usage. This is an absolutely new approach of the problem of italian loanwords the field of slavic studies.
The present article is a corpus-based descriptive/comparative study of lexical bundles (LBs) in two university genres: textbooks (TBs) and research articles (RAs) on applied linguistics. It aims to ...identify the LBs used in the two genres, compare them on the basis of their functional type and frequency and explore how they are related to genre. To this end, four-word LBs were identified in two corpora drawn from applied linguistics TBs and RAs. The comparative analysis revealed that there are interesting differences between the two genres in terms of discourse functions: the occurrence of LBs in the TBs was lower than in the RAs; attitudinal/modality LBs occurred more frequently in the TBs than in the RAs; epistemic LBs occurred more frequently in the RAs than in the TBs; discourse organizers occurred more frequently in the RAs than in the TBs; and time, place and text reference LBs occurred almost twice as frequently in the RAs. The findings build on research into the variations of genres in terms of the use and functions of LBs in discipline-specific corpora.
According to the few researchers who have approached Alonso de Herrera's Libro de ag-ricultura, the accuracy and richness of its terminology would be two of its main features. Under this premise, in ...this paper we focus on the fourth book of this six-volume treatise on agriculture, which is dedicated to the knowledge of everything related to the vegetable gardens. After an appropriate lexicological classification of the selected vocabulary, we examine the effect that these words has haved on the Spanish lexicographic tradition, with particular attention to the Diccionario de autoridades—after being Herrera selected as one of the classics of the Hispanic literature for its preparation—, as well as the Covarrubias' Tesoro (1611)—in this case is due to its noticeable encyclopedism, which connect with the rich and assorted information supplied by Herrera—. After our analysis, we conclude the low impact of the Libro de agricultura in the first academic dictionary. On the other hand, we detect a greater harmony between Covarrubias and Herrera, having found several lexico-graphical articles from the Tesoro with information of vegetable gardens clearly coinciding with the Libro de agricultura.
Según los escasos investigadores que se han acercado al Libro de agricultura de Alonso de Herrera, la exactitud y la riqueza terminológicas serían dos de sus principales rasgos. Bajo esta premisa, en el presente trabajo analizamos el libro cuarto de los seis que articulan este tratado geopónico, el cual está dedicado a las huertas y a los vastos conocimientos que su labor implica. Tras la pertinente clasificación lexicológica, examinamos la repercusión en la tradición lexicográfica española del vocabulario seleccionado, con especial atención al Diccionario de autoridades —por cuanto Herrera integra la nómina de los clásicos de la literatura seleccionados para su confección— y al Tesoro de Sebastián de Covarrubias (1611) —por su marcado carácter enciclopédico, que entronca con la valiosa información proporcionada por Herrera—. Tras nuestro análisis, concluimos la baja incidencia del Libro de agricultura en el primer diccionario académico. Por el contrario, detectamos una mayor correspondencia entre Covarrubias y Herrera, al ser varios los artículos lexicográficos del Tesoro que incorporan información hortense claramente coincidente con la proporcionada por el Libro de agricultura.
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