U radu se obrađuje 212 imena životinja vrste Equus caballus ekscerpiranih iz djela Imena vlastita i splošna domaćih životin u Hrvatov a ponekle i Srbalj s primětbami (1867.) Frana Kurelca. Imenska je ...građa razvrstana prema semantičko-motivacijskome kriteriju, prema kriteriju jezičnoga podrijetla te prema tvorbenome kriteriju, a zatim i analizirana te komentirana. Oslanjajući se na suvremenu dijalektnu i zoonimijsku građu, pokušava se, za dio imena, rekonstruirati na kojemu su terenu zabilježena. Na temelju usporedbe povijesne i suvremene zoonimijske građe utvrđuju se suvremene tendencije u imenovanju konja.
This paper revisits a debated passage from the opening of Tacitus’ Histories, in which the historian contrasts the pars populi integra and the plebs sordida in Rome (Tac., Hist., 1.4.2-3). To cast ...new light on this text, we aim at replacing it in its linguistic and historical context, by analysing both the semantic relationship between populus and plebs (in Latin in general and more specifically in Tacitus) and the main trends of public opinion in Rome in 68-69 AD. Thus we argue that the opposition populus/plebs has both a sociological and a political meaning and allows Tacitus to account for a split in opinion between the plebs frumentaria and the rest of the civic body in relation to the figure of Nero, a political split that disappeared into a legitimist reflex in January 69, when Otto sought to seize power by force.
Over the last decades, especially in the Slavic countries, onomastic disciplines and their terminologies have significantly improved. Therefore, in ethnonymics – a study of the names of peoples and, ...in a broader sense, the names of the inhabitants of physiographic and/or administrative regions – not only necessary terms, but also terms whose purposefulness is at best debatable, have been introduced. This paper examines whether such terms include the Bulgarian term govoren etnonim and the Anglophone term shibbolethnonym, which denote ethnonyms motivated by some speech characteristic of the community in question. The analysis is performed from the standpoint of Serbian onomastics and etymology using appropriate examples from different varieties of the Serbian language: the standard, rural vernacular, and informal varieties of urban environments (i.e. colloquial style and youth jargon or slang). Examples are classified into shibbolethnonyms ʻproperʼ, with more or less clear motivation reflected in the imitation of phonological, grammatical and/or lexical features in the speech of another ethnic or regional community (Švabenzi infrm. ‘Germans’), and ʻfalseʼ shibbolethnonyms, with blurred motivation or meaning which only describe the speech characteristics of the Other (Nijemci stnd. ‘Germans’). We particularly point to the examples which, in addition to speech characteristics, (re)produce positive stereotypes about the greatest closely related nation (baćuška ‘a Russian man’) and regional communities of the same, Serbian or Croatian people (đetić ‘a man from Montenegro’; prika ‘a man from Slavonia’, rođo ‘a man from Herzegovina’). Finally, based on the number and importance of the presented examples, it is concluded that the introduction of the notion in question is necessary, even if one takes the view that yet another onomastic term, in addition to many already accepted, may appear undesirable.
Lexicology is a linguistic science that focuses on the theories of morphology and lexeme formations and linguistic components such as lexemes, phrases, and terminologies.COVID-19 emerged as a global ...catastrophe encompassing every sphere of life and has had a profound effect on language by giving birth to hundreds of new terms. The present study aims to investigate the lexemes used in the DAWNnewspaper during the Covid-19 pandemic. Lieber’s model of morphological analysis has been adopted to reach the conclusions. Text for morphological analysis is selected from the Corona virus section of Dawne-newspaper carrying the information related to the Covid epidemic, its spread, prevention, and cure, during the time tenure of Sep 2019 to January 2022, hence making it two years long corpus of COVID-19data covering first, second, third and fourth waves of the epidemic. The research corpus was further converted into Machine readable format to process it further inAntconc 3.5.8 software. A total of 82 new lexemes were collected manually from 106 selected articles whose frequencies were studied in Antconc 3.5.8. Mixed method research was used to achieve the quantitative and qualitative results. Results demonstrate that four prominent main methods, affixation, compounding, blending, and initials/ acronyms are frequently involved in developing lexical linkages and morphological unities in the coinage of corona virus lexemes during COVID-19.
Cette recherche porte sur l’évolution du mot « arabe » dans les dictionnaires français à travers les siècles du point de vue lexicologique et lexicographique. En utilisant la triple d’investigation ...dictionnairique de Jean Pruvost, cet article a pour objectif de déterminer quelles sont les variations sémantiques du mot « arabe » d’un dictionnaire à l’autre, allant du IXe siècle jusqu’à nos jours et quels sont les mécanismes historiques, sociaux et linguistiques marquant son évolution sémantique à travers les siècles. Mots-clés : Lexicologie, Lexicographie, Diachronie, Synchronie, Arabe.
Polysemy and Context in Literary Works Khanaliyeva, Ilhama Yusif
Traektorii͡a︡ nauki : mezhdunarodnyĭ ėlektronnyĭ nauchnyĭ zhurnal,
5/2023, Letnik:
9, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Polysemy is an essential linguistic process that occurs intensively in language. It plays a significant role in creating phraseological combinations and generating various semantic changes in the ...language. Polysemy should be distinguished from eurysemy (lexical broadness) and homonymy. Polysemy and eurythmy in language and speech reveal some common properties; however, they are essentially different linguistic phenomena. In Eurysemy, the word's meaning is realized similarly through the context, but it does not undergo significant changes. One of the structural components of a polysemous word is a lexico-semantic variation or separate meaning, which is essential in the study of polysemy. Elimination of polysemy - actualization of a particular meaning of a word is carried out in context. There are two opposing views regarding the nature of a word's linguistic meaning in linguistics. The word itself has no lexical meaning and acquires it only in context. The lexical meaning initially enters the word and is only expressed and recognized in context. A polysemantic word implemented within a set of fixed indicators has a phraseologically related meaning, and each combination of a given polysemantic word with a specific hand becomes a separate phrase. The article deals with polysemy in language generally and in literary works. It explains its significant role in creating phraseological combinations and generating semantic changes in the language and other linguistic features.
Lexicography, together with grammatical studies and textual criticism, forms the basis of biblical exegesis. Recent decades have seen much progress in this field, yet increasing specialization also ...tends to have the paradoxical effect of turning exegesis into an independent discipline, while leaving lexicography to the experts. The present volume seeks to renew and intensify the exchange between the study of words and the study of texts.
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