This Special Issue “Atmospheric Conditions for Wind Energy Applications” hosts papers on aspects of remote sensing for atmospheric conditions for wind energy applications. Wind lidar technology is ...presented from a theoretical view on the coherent focused Doppler lidar principles. Furthermore, wind lidar for applied use for wind turbine control, wind farm wake, and gust characterizations is presented, as well as methods to reduce uncertainty when using lidar in complex terrain. Wind lidar observations are used to validate numerical model results. Wind Doppler lidar mounted on aircraft used for observing winds in hurricane conditions and Doppler radar on the ground used for very short-term wind forecasting are presented. For the offshore environment, floating lidar data processing is presented as well as an experiment with wind-profiling lidar on a ferry for model validation. Assessments of wind resources in the coastal zone using wind-profiling lidar and global wind maps using satellite data are presented.
Mittlerweile werden in Smartphones immer mehr Sensoren verbaut, welche die Nutzerfreundlichkeit erhöhen sollen. So finden sich in einigen Modellen Lidar‐Sensoren, die unter anderem zur ...Abstandsmessung genutzt werden können. Dieser Sensor ermöglicht weitere physikalische Untersuchungen, wie die Messung der Lichtgeschwindigkeit in Flüssigkeiten oder anderen transparenten Medien.
Localization and Mapping Systems
In article number 2200459, Dongjiao He, Wei Xu, and colleagues present a high‐bandwidth LiDAR‐inertial system (LIO), which updates the state at the sampling time of ...each LiDAR point or IMU measurement without accumulating a frame. The system is motion distortion free and is able to output a high‐rate (4 kHz – 8 kHz), high‐bandwidth (over 150 Hz) odometry and handles extremely aggressive motions where IMU saturates.
Capturing and quantifying the world in three dimensions (x,y,z) using light detection and ranging (lidar) technology drives fundamental advances in the Earth and Ecological Sciences (EES). However, ...additional lidar dimensions offer the possibility to transcend basic 3-D mapping capabilities, including i) the physical time (t) dimension from repeat lidar acquisition and ii) laser return intensity (LRIλ) data dimension based on the brightness of single- or multi-wavelength (λ) laser returns. The additional dimensions thus add to the x,y, and z dimensions to constitute the five dimensions of lidar (x,y,z, t, LRIλ1… λn). This broader spectrum of lidar dimensionality has already revealed new insights across multiple EES topics, and will enable a wide range of new research and applications. Here, we review recent advances based on repeat lidar collections and analysis of LRI data to highlight novel applications of lidar remote sensing beyond 3-D. Our review outlines the potential and current challenges of time and LRI information from lidar sensors to expand the scope of research applications and insights across the full range of EES applications.
•X, y, z, time, and laser return intensity constitute the 5-dimensions of LiDAR.•We review recent advances to highlight novel applications of LiDAR beyond 3D.•Beyond 3D LiDAR has and will enable a wide range of new research and applications.
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