•A novel hybrid MCDM model for material selection is proposed.•DEMATEL-based ANP is used to determine the degrees of influence among criteria.•Modified VIKOR is utilized for calculating the ...compromise ranking of alternatives.•The new model can be used to analyze the interrelationships in material selection.
In engineering design, the decision to select an optimal material for a particular product is a problem requiring multi-criteria decision analysis that involves both qualitative and quantitative factors. The evaluation of alternative materials may be based on imprecise information or uncertain data. Furthermore, there can be significant dependence and feedbacks between the different criteria for material selection. However, most existing decision approaches cannot capture these complex interrelationships. In response, this paper proposes a general framework for evaluating and selecting the best material for a given application. A novel hybrid multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) model combining DEMATEL-based ANP (DANP) and modified VIKOR is used to solve the material selection problems of multiple dimensions and criteria that are interdependent. Moreover, target-based criteria as well as cost and benefit criteria can be addressed simultaneously in the proposed model. Finally, an empirical case concerning the bush material selection for a split journal bearing is presented to illustrate the potential of the new model. The results show that the proposed method for material selection is effective and provides meaningful implications for designers and engineers to refer.
Terahertz metamaterial sensing (TMS) is a new interdisciplinary technology. A TMS system employs terahertz waves as the pumping source, these then interact with the sample and carry the substance ...information, e.g., refractive index, absorption spectra. These properties are relevant to the molecular rotation and vibration states produced by a surface‐plasmon‐polariton‐like effect. TMS technology is usually characterized by large penetration depth and high sensitivity. Owing to these advantages, TMS may be used for ultratrace detection and consequently has a wide range of practical applications in biomedicine, food safety, environmental monitoring, industry and agriculture, material characterization, and safety inspection. Furthermore, TMS performance is determined not only by the structural topology of metamaterials, but also by their compositions and substrates. This paper reviews the essential fundamentals, relevant applications, and recent advances in TMS technology with a focus on the influence of material selection on TMS performance. This review is envisaged to be used as a key reference for developing TMS‐based functional devices with enhanced characteristics.
Terahertz metamaterial sensing (TMS) may be used for ultratrace detection, implying a wide range of applications. This paper reviews essential fundamentals, relevant applications, and recent advances in TMS technology with a focus on the influence of material selection on TMS performance. This review is envisaged to be used as a key reference for developing TMS‐based functional devices with enhanced characteristics.
Increasing environmental legislation necessitates action within the marine industry to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides. Several short-term/intermediate ...solutions have been introduced. However, the ultimate goal is to achieve complete green shipping. Insights gained from academic and industrial activities demonstrate tangible opportunities for adopting alternative fuels and/or energy sources for future ships, amongst which hydrogen is a promising option. Large scale bunkering of hydrogen on-board marine platforms is inherently risky. To determine the best practice and limitations of current techniques, this review summarises the state-of-the-art in storing hydrogen (fuel) for ships. This review focuses on the mechanical testing, selection of materials and failure mechanisms for cryo-compressed and liquid hydrogen tanks and their insulations. The review also discusses the regulatory aspects with a particular focus on the routes to approval. Knowledge gaps are identified to facilitate further research and development in this field.
•Review the state-of-the-art in storing hydrogen (fuel) on ships.•Summarise material properties in cryo-compressed and liquid hydrogen environments.•Comment on the regulatory aspects and routes to approval.•Identify knowledge gaps to facilitate further research and development.
Material selection is very important in engineering design. Material selection methods utilizing fuzzy set theory have gradually gained acceptance because of their capabilities in handling ...impreciseness inherent in measuring material properties. Past studies are all based on type 1 fuzzy sets. This paper presents two interval type 2 fuzzy multi-attribute decision making methods for material selection. Rather representing uncertainty in trapezoidal type 1 fuzzy sets, this paper represents uncertainty in measurement, preference, judgment, or prediction in terms of trapezoidal interval type 2 fuzzy sets instead. This representation allows higher degree of impreciseness by specifying membership value as an interval rather than as an exact value. The two new methods presented in this paper are extended from two existing TOPSIS methods based on type 1 fuzzy set. They differ mainly in the stage when defuzzification is carried out and other details. Note that the two existing type-1 fuzzy based TOPSIS methods assume no knowledge about desirable material property values. It is shown in this paper that such methods might lead to the selection of undesirable materials. An example is used to illustrate the working of the two new methods, followed by discussion about the effects of some relevant factors. Ideas for extending this study are given in the conclusions.
Sketch of the proposed two Interval Type-2 fuzzy TOPSIS material selection methods. Display omitted
•Develop two TOPSIS material selection methods based on IT2 FN•Stress the importance of including desirable properties•Discuss the effect of various components of the proposed methods
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Short-wavelength infrared light with a wavelength range of 1–3 µm is crucial in various fields related to human activities. It has a better penetrating ability than visible light in ...harsh weather conditions (such as nighttime, fog, and dust) and can produce higher resolution natural images compared to mid-wavelength infrared and long-wavelength infrared light. In addition, the corresponding devices can work at room temperature without refrigeration, which is beneficial to reducing the cost and the size of the equipment, since no thermal imaging is involved. To date, many reviews have discussed the progress of infrared photodetectors from the perspective of a single type of material (such as two-dimensional metal chalcogenides, colloidal quantum dots, conjugated polymers, etc.) or a single synthesis/enhancement strategy (solution-processable, surface plasmon, optical field manipulation, etc.). As discussions from a single perspective are relatively one-sided, a more comprehensive overview is required. Herein, we review the recent research progress on SWIR photodetectors, especially the advantages and disadvantages of devices based on different materials, and provide some perspectives for the future application of SWIR photodetectors.
As the planet warms, keeping cool without releasing greenhouse gases will be a challenge, but radiative cooling technology is poised to meet this goal. Hundreds of radiative cooling materials have ...been reported in the literature to yield acceptable cooling performance, but there is a lack of guideline for engineers to select the suitable candidates for commercialization. In order to tackle this problem, we gathered information on 55 radiative cooling materials reported in the literature according to our selection criteria and grouped them into four categories: multilayer structure, metamaterial, randomly distributed particle structure, and porous structure. Using a comparison method that objectively evaluated their cooling performance and commercialization potential, we found that the polymer-based porous structure and randomly distributed particle structure without reflective metal layer tend to be more promising for commercialization because of their superior cooling performance, low cost, ease of manufacture, high scalability and compatibility. Furthermore, we proposed an approach for the design and optimization of potential radiative cooling materials. This review will not only provide engineers with guidelines for selecting the best materials in applying and commercializing this technology, but will also enable researchers to propel this technology forward through improved material design in the future.
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•The cooling performances of 55 radiative cooling materials were evaluated.•Porous and randomly particle structure without metal layer are more promising.•An approach for the design of potential radiative cooling materials was proposed.
Environmentally-conscious product design using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) deserves the utmost attention to save and sustain our planet’s lives, flora and fauna. The choice of materials during the ...design stage needs to address environmental concerns from their sourcing to production and ultimately going up to the disposal stage. A good majority of industrial products are still not designed, focusing the environmental concerns. The inclusion and practice of the LCA approach during product designing are in a nascent stage not only in India but even over the rest of the world. Nowadays, polymers share a major chunk of the volume of goods produced worldwide and thus have a significant effect on the environment. The available design books or nomographs guide the selection of materials considering several criteria but not considering the related environmental issues. This paper attempts to bridge this gap only for the selection of polymeric materials by providing some easily interpretable and visually ready reckoners in the form of 3-D nomographs. These 3-D nomographs, graphical representations developed using the Solidworks software, echo the material’s Environmental Impact (EI) potential on an axis with some two material properties (e.g., tensile strength and density) on the other two axes. 3-D nomographs are suitably transformed into 2-D nomographs without the loss of any information. EIs on these nomographs were computed using SimaPro software. The potential EI of any product and the overall environmental burden due to them can be significantly reduced, and more so when they are mass-produced, by selecting the right materials using these nomographs. Such an approach will help in fulfilling long-term sustainable development goals of society and the globe.
Microplastic fibers from textiles have been known to significantly contribute to marine microplastic pollution. However, little is known about the microfiber formation and discharge during textile ...production. In this study, we have quantified microfiber emissions from one large and representative textile factory during different stages, spanning seven different materials, including cotton, polyester, and blended fabrics, to further guide control strategies. Wet-processing steps released up to 25 times more microfibers than home laundering, with dyeing contributing to 95.0% of the total emissions. Microfiber release could be reduced by using white coloring, a lower dyeing temperature, and a shorter dyeing duration. Thinner, denser yarns increased microfiber pollution, whereas using tightly twisted fibers mitigated release. Globally, wet textile processing potentially produced 6.4 kt of microfibers in 2020, with China, India, and the US as significant contributors. The study underlined the environmental impact of textile production and the need for mitigation strategies, particularly in dyeing processes and fiber choice. In addition, no significant difference was observed between the virgin polyesters and the used ones. Replacing virgin fibers with recycled fibers in polyester fabrics, due to their increasing consumption, might offer another potential solution. The findings highlighted the substantial impact of textile production on microfiber released into the environment, and optimization of material selection, knitting technologies, production processing, and recycled materials could be effective mitigation strategies.
With advances in design and manufacturing, the cooling performance of daytime radiative cooling materials has progressively improved. However, there has not been an effective method for comparing the ...cooling performance of the materials tested in different geographical locations and laboratories. Here, we present a simulation-based method, consisting of the basic radiation theory, the standard solar spectrum, and six standard model atmospheres, for comparing the cooling performance of different daytime radiative cooling materials. The proposed simulation-based comparison method was then used to compare four representative daytime radiative cooling materials selected from the literature. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparing the cooling performance of different radiative cooling materials tested under different environmental conditions. With the proposed comparison method, the engineers can choose the most suitable daytime radiative cooling material for a specific environment.
•A method for comparing performance of different radiative cooling materials was proposed.•The method consisted radiation theory and standard solar spectrum and model atmospheres.•Representative radiative cooling materials from literature were compared using the method.
The right choice of polymeric materials plays a vital role in the successful design and manufacture of flexible fluidic systems, as well as heat transfer devices such as pulsating heat pipes. The ...decision to choose an acceptable polymeric material entails a variety of evaluation criteria because there are numerous competing materials available today, each with its own properties, applications, benefits, and drawbacks. In this study, a comparative hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model is proposed for evaluating suitable polymeric materials for the fabrication of flexible pulsating heat pipes. The decision model consists of fourteen evaluation criteria and twelve alternative materials. For this purpose, three different hybrid MCDM methods were applied to solve the material selection problems (i.e., AHP-GRA, AHP-CoCoSo, and AHP-VIKOR). According to the results obtained, PTFE, PE, and PP showed promising properties. In addition, Spearman's rank correlation analysis was performed, and the hybrid methods used produced consistent rankings with each other. By applying MCDM methods, it was concluded that PTFE is the most suitable material to be preferred for manufacturing flexible pulsating heat pipes. In addition to this result, PE and PP are among the best alternatives that can be recommended after PTFE. The study supports the use of MCDM techniques to rank material choices and enhance the selection procedure. The research will greatly assist industrial managers and academics involved in the selection process of polymeric materials.
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