Modalna logika prvenstveno je formalizacija relacijskih struktura, što se može reći i za logiku prvog reda, ali nasuprot njoj ima jednostavniju sintaksu koja omogućuje odlučivost, te specifični ...lokalni pogled iznutra na relacijske strukture. U ovom radu predstavit ćemo alternativnu, topološku
semantiku modalne logike. Formule modalnog jezika interpretirat ćemo kao topološke objekte, razmotriti adekvatnost i potpunost modalne logike u odnosu na odgovarajuće topološke prostore, kao i njenu izražajnu snagu,
odnosno razmotriti koja svojstva topoloških prostora možemo
definirati modalnim formulama.
Autor donosi pregled vrlo turbulentnoga razvoja logike u komunističkoj Rusiji. Tijekom prva tri desetljeća komunističke vlasti logika je bila izbačena iz obrazovnoga sustava i službeni stav prema ...njoj bio je jasno neprijateljski. Od 1946. godine, nakon Staljinove osobne intervencije, logika se vraća u obrazovni sustav. Slijedeća otprilike dva desetljeća razdoblje su borbe ruskih logičara za ponovno
rađanje, razvoj i afirmaciju logike u Rusiji. U toj su borbi bili suočeni s mnogim i različitim vrstama zapreka i poteškoća. U posljednjem razdoblju logika je u Rusiji napokon priznata kao respektabilna disciplina i postiže miran razvoj. Autor iznosi karakteristične podatke te opisuje tragične i tragikomične događaje koji ilustriraju ovaj razvoj i preokrete, a mnogi od njih postali su poznati tek objavljivanjem uspomena nekih ruskih filozofa nakon pada komunizma.
Vrijeme je pojam koji otvara široku paletu pitanja. Vremenu se može pristupiti filozofski, logički, matematički, fizikalno i tako dalje. Ovaj rad prezentira skup novih dekompozicijskih pravila za ...logičku metodu semantičkog stabla. Na osnovu se različitih aksioma vremena grade modeli modalne vremenske logike s pripadajućim karakterističnim i valjanim formulama. Na kraju se rada provjerava potpunost takvog sustava.
Designed for use by philosophy students, this 2006 book provides an accessible, yet technically sound treatment of modal logic and its philosophical applications. Every effort has been made to ...simplify the presentation by using diagrams in place of more complex mathematical apparatus. These and other innovations provide philosophers with easy access to a rich variety of topics in modal logic, including a full coverage of quantified modal logic, non-rigid designators, definite descriptions, and the de-re de-dictio distinction. Discussion of philosophical issues concerning the development of modal logic is woven into the text. The book uses natural deduction systems and also includes a diagram technique that extends the method of truth trees to modal logic. This feature provides a foundation for a novel method for showing completeness, one that is easy to extend to systems that include quantifiers.
This revised and considerably expanded 2nd edition brings together a wide range of topics, including modal, tense, conditional, intuitionist, many-valued, paraconsistent, relevant, and fuzzy logics. ...Part 1, on propositional logic, is the old Introduction, but contains much new material. Part 2 is entirely new, and covers quantification and identity for all the logics in Part 1. The material is unified by the underlying theme of world semantics. All of the topics are explained clearly using devices such as tableau proofs, and their relation to current philosophical issues and debates are discussed. Students with a basic understanding of classical logic will find this book an invaluable introduction to an area that has become of central importance in both logic and philosophy. It will also interest people working in mathematics and computer science who wish to know about the area.
Possible Worlds Divers, John
2003, 20060116, 2002, 2002-08-29, 2006-01-01, 2006-01-16, 20020101
eBook
Possible Worlds presents the first up-to-date and comprehensive examination of one of the most important topics in metaphysics. John Divers considers the prevalent philosophical positions, including ...realism, antirealism and the work of important writers on possible worlds such as David Lewis, evaluating them in detail.
'An impressive work ... It provides a systematic and comprehensive discussion that will be of great help for all doing research in the area, and would make the basis for a great graduate seminar. Highly recommended!' - Mind
John Divers is senior lecturer in philosophy at the University of Leeds. He has written many journal articles on modality and analytic philosophy which have appeared in journals such as Mind , Nous , Synthese , Philosophical Studies , Analysis , Australasian Journal of Philosophy and the Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society .
This entirely new work guides the reader through the most basic systems of modal propositional logic up to systems of modal predicate with identity, dealing with both technical developments and ...discussing philosophical applications.
