Sammendrag Denne artikkelen diskuterer klimamoralismens moralske berettigelse. Ifølge et tradisjonelt og relativt utbredt syn i dag, er moralisme og moralisering noe iboende negativt. Jeg gir en ...forklaring på moralismens dårlige rykte i dag, samtidig som jeg foreslår en tolkning av moralisme som åpner for at det kan være noe positivt. Moralisme, slik jeg tolker det, forstås som moralsk kritikk av oppfatninger, holdninger, handlinger, praksiser eller institusjoner, som det er gode grunner til å hevde er moralsk problematiske eller gale. Klimamoralisme er mer spesifikt moralsk kritikk av forhold som har en negativ innvirkning på klimaet. Jeg argumenterer for at vi har en moralsk rett til moralisering som er avledet av de grunnleggende rettighetene til tankefrihet og ytringsfrihet. Det at vi har en slik rett til moralisering betyr imidlertid ikke at det alltid vil være riktig å moralisere. Jeg diskuterer derfor de hensynene som er relevant for å ta stilling til hvorvidt og hvordan vi bør utøve retten til moralisering generelt og retten til klimamoralisering spesielt.
This article focuses on the representation of the relation between widows and justice in the novella from the late Middle-Ages. As an incarnation of the weak citizen, widows were theoretically ...protected by judicial institutions especially against economic abuses. In the novella though, widows are often presented in an erotic way and their interactions with legal authorities often become a moralistic trial against themselves, leading to the loss of their honour and public reputation. The only exceptions are the cases of private justice, and/or when a man close to the judge is involved. The widow, despite the fact that she’s described as very vulnerable, is judged for her conduct instead of being protected against the offence she suffers. This element shows an ambiguous representation of justice, more worried about the preservation of moral standards than the citizens’ safety and the respect of the law.
Looking back at a century of innovation, the marketing profession has reason to celebrate its many contributions to the rise of economic wealth in Western nations. The marketing profession has, ...however, as well faced criticism for engaging in ever-new marketing practices potentially harming individuals, communities, and societies. This paper presents findings from an integrative literature review to document key criticisms of marketing brought forth over sixty years; to identify the key moral demands that fuel these criticisms; and to illustrate the potentialities and limitations of positive marketing responses. The study suggests that positive marketing practices more often than not result from marketers’ proactive engagement with critical narratives and emerging moral demands.
Der Artikel befragt das Phänomen des „Moralismus“ nach den handlungsstrukturierenden Bedingungen von Beziehungsmustern und Akteursverhältnissen, innerhalb derer sich Moralakteur:innen und ihre ...Gegenspieler:innen in Gesellschaft begegnen. Das Augenmerk gilt dabei einer Auswahl an idealtypischen Interaktionsrahmungen und daraus resultierenden Handlungszwängen, aufgrund derer die Wahrscheinlichkeit konfliktverschärfender Effekte durch Moralbeanspruchung für die darin involvierten Akteur:innen ansteigt. Nicht dem Werteprogramm der Moral an sich wird aus dieser Perspektive Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt, als vielmehr den akteursbezogenen Kontextbedingungen derjenigen sozialen Interaktionsformen, im Rahmen derer Moralkonflikte in Gesellschaft ausgetragen werden.
At day we know rather well the ideology of women who wrote in nineteenth-century France. But a question is left : how they really worked and published, in spite of oppositions ? We perhaps could ...propose an answer, considering M. Waldor whose reputation was honourable in this period. She thinks that women, in their works, have to set an example of nobility, mercy and honesty (here is their vocation). With this purpose, they must be well known and that demands, she thinks, to pay homages, discreetly or not, to people in the public eye. Making a name is necessary to be published. Then we have to write. Some pages given to newspapers reappear in books (then that was common). Sometimes she adds to the original text or cuts from it, sometimes she changes characters and events, because readers and publishers want newness. It is an uphill work. Considering M. Waldor we look at the seamy side of an author’s life.
Les positions idéologiques, les thématiques développées par les écrivaines du premier XIXe siècle sont maintenant assez bien connues. En revanche on sait encore très peu comment elles travaillaient, ...et travaillaient à se faire publier, malgré les résistances. On pourrait aborder la question en examinant l’exemple de Mélanie Waldor fort active durant les années 1825-1850 et dont la notoriété fut honorable. Pour elle les femmes de lettres ont une vocation singulière : donner l’exemple de la noblesse, de la loyauté de la clémence. Il faut en tout cas affirmer ses valeurs, être connue et reconnue, imposer avec douceur son nom et ses écrits, et pour cela jouer notamment la petite musique des hommages et de la révérence. Elle atteste, construit, conforte sa notoriété. Car il s’agit d’écrire et produire. Comme maints autres, elle réutilise plus tard les textes parus dans la presse pour un ou deux in-octavo. Elle reprend aussi en modifiant, en ajustant. Un roman naît parfois de l’agglomération d’éléments antérieurs et autonomes, avec raccords et ajouts. En fait, à ses côtés, on découvre, pourrait-on dire, « L’Envers de l’histoire d’une femme de lettres » (parmi d’autres), entre 1825 et 1850, combattant pied à pied, et c’est bien difficile, rapetassant un peu il est vrai, s’adaptant, travaillant pour être publiée, pour vivre.
Anthony Pinn examines how hip hop artists challenge white supremacist definitions of Blackness by challenging white distinctions between life and death.
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Valentini searches for a unifying principle that underlies whatever genuine obligations we might have to obey the norms of any and all social practices, ranging from line queueing norms, through ...offsides rules in soccer, to obligations not to break the law. I argue that this search is driven, and distorted, by a commitment to what Bernard Williams labeled the ‘morality system’. Once we see this, we should question the value of the unifying project. Most social norms can be considered on their own terms, as part of a rich and variegated ethical life, without subsuming them under the question of whether others’ moral rights are at stake. Similarly, political obligation needs to be understood in relation to the practical activity of politics, not as an abstract moral quandary.
The article focuses on the representation of striptease in Italy in the late 50s. While the unveiling of the female body became more and more pervasive - in posters, in magazines, in theaters, in ...cinematography - Italian moralists sought strategies to contain the phenomenon. At the same time, many courts issued acquittal sentences which, in fact, liberalized striptease. At the center of the dispute was not female nudity (which had been showed since at least a decade) but rather the rules of behavior of women, disputed between the will to control and the desire to look. In both cases, considered as an object of the male will.
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