The popularity of Mountain Biking (MTB) in Malaysia is increasing.This adds to the demand for more cycling sites and special events for MTB. In line the growing demand, the Malaysian government ...encourages participation in active sports and recreation as a healthy lifestyle. One of the approaches is through the establishment of the Putrajaya Challenge Park (PCP). This study is conducted at PCP, one of a well-known MTB site in Malaysia. It has a network of treks where these treks are rated with different difficulty level for cyclists to choose from according to their abilityandpreferences. MTB is known to be associated with risks and high technical skills, hence it is great interest to understand the factors affecting demand in such sport. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the factors affecting the demand in MTB participation at PCP. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and obtained a total of 302 usable questionnaires. A multiple linear regression analysis is employed and it is found that three factors were significant at 95% confidence level; total travel cost, years of participation and cost of equipment upgrades. The finding from the study is to supply PCP management with the information for future adventurous recreational events in PCP or in other similar establishments. This research also identifies some key findings and makes some recommendations for future research and management.
There are several versions of the appearance of MountainBike - mountain bikes, the emergence and development of a new type of MountainBike sports specialization - "Cross Country". The most ...interesting and curious legend is that the first mountain bike was invented by California musician leader Brant Richards, who had nothing to do with cycling. Due to the immense popularity of the new type of cycling, the "Cross Country" specialty was included in the 1995 Olympic Games program, and since 1996 began the Olympic MountainBike Olympic history in Atlanta.
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•We calculate the erosion caused by tourists, in the Bucegi Mountains, Romania.•We used dendrogeomorphological approach and exposed roots.•Scars are indicators of frequent trampling ...of exposed roots by hikers and bikers.•Mean erosion rates ranged from 6.4 and 24.2 mm • y−1.•For the first time, erosion caused by biking activities was recognized in tree rots.
Mountain hiking and biking trails are important components of the tourism infrastructure, represent opportunities for recreation, and form a network that prevents uncontrolled tourist dispersion. The erosion processes accelerate under tourist impact in the forested mountains, revealing exposed roots.
The aim of our study was to estimate the mean erosion rates along two hiking trails and one mountain biking trail in the Bucegi Mountains, using dendrogeomorphological approaches.
The three trails used were: Sinaia town – Cota 1400 hiking trail (SHT), Sinaia biking trail (SBT), a downhill mountain biking trail and Buşteni town – Urlătoarea Waterfall hiking trail (UHT). The following results were obtained. The mean erosion rate along SHT was between 1.7 and 19.6 mm • y−1 with an average of 6.4 ± 4.6 mm • y−1, wherein half the cases showed an erosion rate between 1 and 5 mm • y−1. The mean erosion rate along SBT was between 2.6 and 49.4 mm • y−1, with an average of 24.2 ± 14.4 mm • y−1. Values between 1 and 20 mm • y−1 represent 41.9% and the remaining 58.1% comprise values between 20 and 40 mm • y−1 or even exceeding 40 mm • y−1. In the case of UHT, the mean erosion rate was between 3.5 and 36 mm • y−1, with an average of 14 ± 8.1 mm • y−1.
The differences in values between these three trails are represented in terms of trail usage time, type of use, hiking versus biking during the hot season, and the age of roots. Our study highlighted that the forested mountain environment is sensitive to tourist impact while also proving that the dendrogeomorphological approach is a useful tool for evaluating the mean erosion rates of trails based on the exposed roots.
Purpose
The aim of the study was to characterize health behaviors of amateur mountain biking marathon participants.
Methods
The study included 819 participants of amateur mountain biking marathons in ...Poland, 82.17% of whom were male and 17.83% were female. The average age of the participants was 34.85 ± 8.7 years. The tools used in the study were Juszczyński’s Inventory of Health Behaviors (IHB) and an original survey form.
Results
More than half of the participants (58.49%) displayed pro-health behaviors. The study showed a statistically significant correlation between pro-health behaviors and interpersonal status (p = 0.036), having children (p = 0.013), age (p = 0.031), and time devoted to training (p = 0.003).
Conclusions
A majority of mountain biking marathon participants display pro-health behaviors. Promoting pro-health practices and prophylactic measures among people playing sports as a form of recreation should be paid attention to.
In recent years, there has been considerable growth in the provision of and demand for adventure tourism; however, research that examines the resources regarding adventure tourism is limited. A ...spatial suitability evaluation system for mountain-based adventure tourism (MBAT) was developed via the integration of the AHP-Delphi technique. The evaluation system parameters included resource conditions, difficulty levels, safety conditions, and ecological sensitivity. Furthermore, each parameter contained several indicators that can be quantified and visualised in ArcGIS. The results showed that suitable areas for professional adventure tourism in Xinjiang Tianshan include the Kurdening and Tomur regions, and the those for adventure tourism include the Tianshan Tianchi lake. Furthermore, suitable areas for experiential adventure tourism include the Tianshan Tianchi lake, Tianshan Grand Canyon, Jiangbulak, East Tianshan, Tuohurasu scenic area, and the Gongliu wild fruit forest, while those for mass adventure tourism include large areas in the middle and low altitude range of Tianshan. The methods and results proposed in this paper are expected to be significant for planning adventure tourism and can be helpful for mountain communities when choosing regions to develop for adventure tourism, formulating tourism development strategies, increasing tourism opportunities, and thus improving regional competitiveness.
In 2021, surfing and skateboarding are scheduled to join mountain-biking as Olympic sports for the first time, a classification that comes with requirements related to sex/gender equity. Yet, these ...sports, and action sports generally, continue to be male dominated as questions of performance and risk are framed around boys, men, and masculinities. This qualitative study explored the facilitators of 27 Australian girls' participation in surfing, mountain biking and skateboarding. This article focuses on the value of paternal co-participation, which was notable in interviews with girls who surf or mountain bike. In particular, we examine the complexity of the role and influence of fathers in girls' participation. Reflecting their position in action sports, men often shape how girls access these sports and develop their skills. This points to the importance of men and fathers in facilitating girls' participation in action sports, and possibly broader physical activity behaviours. However, we argue that merely facilitating their daughters' participation without addressing the experiences of women without male 'patrons' in action sports reinscribes male dominance rather than improving gender equity. This study contributes to established work that aims to inform policies and strategies to encourage greater participation of girls and women in action sports.
Telemedical technologies provide significant benefits in sports for performance monitoring and early recognition of many medical issues, especially when sports are practised outside a regulated ...playing field, where participants are exposed to rapidly changing environmental conditions or specialised medical assistance is unavailable. We provide a review of the medical literature on the use of telemedicine in adventure and extreme sports. Out of 2715 unique sport citations from 4 scientific databases 16 papers met the criteria, which included all research papers exploring the use of telemedicine for monitoring performance and health status in extreme environments. Their quality was assessed by a double-anonymised review with a specifically designed four-item scoring system. Telemedicine was used in high-mountain sports (37.5%; n = 6), winter sports (18.7%; n = 3), water sports (25%; n = 4), and long-distance land sports (18.7%; n = 3). Telemedicine was used for data transfer, teleconsulting, and the execution of remote-controlled procedures, including imaging diagnostics. Telemedical technologies were also used to diagnose and treat sport-related and environmentally impacted injuries, including emergencies in three extreme conditions: high mountains, ultraendurance activities, and in/under the water. By highlighting sport-specific movement patterns or physiological and pathological responses in extreme climatic conditions and environments, telemedicine may result in better preparation and development of strategies for an in-depth understanding of the stress of the metabolic, cardiorespiratory, biomechanical, or neuromuscular system, potentially resulting in performance improvement and injury prevention.
Mountainous areas pose a challenge for the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) chain of survival. Survival rates for OHCAs in mountainous areas may differ depending on the location. Increased ...survival has been observed compared to standard location when OHCA occurred on ski slopes. Limited data is available about OHCA in other mountainous areas. The objective was to compare the survival rates with a good neurological outcome of OHCAs occurring on ski slopes (On-S) and off the ski slopes (OffS) compared to other locations (OL).
Analysis of prospectively collected data from the cardiac arrest registry of the Northern French Alps Emergency Network (RENAU) from 2015 to 2021. The RENAU corresponding to an Emergency Medicine Network between all Emergency Medical Services and hospitals of 3 counties (Isère, Savoie, Haute-Savoie). The primary outcome was survival at 30 days with a Cerebral Performance Category scale (CPC) of 1 or 2 (1: Good Cerebral Performance, 2: Moderate Cerebral Disability).
A total of 9589 OHCAs were included: 213 in the On-S group, 141 in the Off-S group, and 9235 in the OL group. Cardiac etiology was more common in On-S conditions (On-S: 68.9% vs OffS: 51.1% vs OL: 66.7%, p < 0.001), while Off-S cardiac arrests were more often due to traumatic circumstances (OffS: 39.7% vs On-S: 21.7% vs OL: 7.7%, p < 0.001). Automated external defibrillator (AED) use before rescuers' arrival was lower in the Off-S group than in the other two groups (On-S: 15.2% vs OL: 4.5% vs OffS: 3.7%; p < 0.002). The first AED shock was longer in the Off-S group (median time in minutes: OffS: 22.0 (9.5–35.5) vs On-S: 10.0 (3.0–19.5) vs OL: 16.0 (11.0–27.0), p = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, on-slope OHCA remained a positive factor for 30-day survival with a CPC score of 1 or 2 with a 1.96 adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–3.75, p = 0.04), whereas off-slope OHCA had an 0.88 adjusted odds ratio (95% CI, 0.28–2.72, p = 0.82).
OHCAs in ski-slopes conditions were associated with an improvement in neurological outcomes at 30 days, whereas off-slopes OHCAs were not. Ski-slopes rescue patrols are efficient in improving outcomes.
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