The consumption of psychoactive substances is considered a growing problem in many communities. Moreover, new psychoactive substances (NPS) designed as (legal) substitutes to traditional illicit ...drugs are relatively easily available to the public through e-commerce and retail shops, but there is little knowledge regarding the extent and actual use of these substances. This study aims to gain new and complementary information on NPS and traditional illicit drug use at six music festivals across Europe by investigating wastewater and pooled urine. Samples were collected, between 2015 and 2018, at six music festivals across Europe with approximately 465.000 attendees. Wastewater samples were also collected during a period not coinciding with festivals. A wide-scope screening for 197 NPS, six illicit drugs and known metabolites was applied using different chromatography-mass spectrometric strategies. Several illicit drugs and in total 21 different NPS, mainly synthetic cathinones, phenethylamines and tryptamines, were identified in the samples. Ketamine and the traditional illicit drugs, such as amphetamine-type stimulants, cannabis and cocaine were most abundant and/or frequently detected in the samples collected, suggesting a higher use compared to NPS.
The analyses of urine and wastewater is quick and a high number of attendees may be monitored anonymously by analysing only a few samples which allows identifying the local profiles of use of different drugs within a wide panel of psychoactive substances. This approach contributes to the development of an efficient surveillance system which can provide timely insight in the trends of NPS and illicit drugs use.
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•Substance use was assessed at music festivals across six European countries.•Urine and wastewater analyses can provide timely complementary information.•Wastewater-based epidemiology provides information on the pattern of drug use at festivals.•Specific local patterns of substance use were identified.•NPS were identified but cocaine, MDMA, cannabis and ketamine were most frequently detected.
The publication deals with the topic of raising funds from public and private sources by organizers of classical music festivals in Poland. It presents the results of own research in which an attempt ...was made to find an answer to the question from what sources how and with what result do the organizers of classical music festivals obtain funds for their implementation? The research was conducted in the field of obtaining funds for the implementation of the Festival "Music in Old Krakow" in the years 2011-2020. Nowadays, one of the most valued competences of people involved in organizing festivals is the ability to raise funds, as financing festivals from various sources is not only an art but it has become a necessity.
As social purpose organizations (SPOs) feature dual economic and social goals, contemporary research is beginning to grasp the importance of value creation being shared amongst network actors. ...However, how an SPO's business model can fully leverage the resources of others to enable and enhance value creation has not yet been fully explained. Drawing on interview data, video-graphic content analysis and secondary data, this study investigates the case of a German music festival to explore how shared value creation has been enhanced by moving from an organization-centric business model to instead become a platform for engagement with numerous other actor groups. This study contributes to the social enterprise literature by demonstrating that despite modest funding and minimal staffing, an organization can bring together a broad network of others to engage in resource integration and shared value creation for social good.
•Social purpose organizations (SPOs) cocreate shared value within a network.•SPO business models operating as engagement platforms enable network value creation.•Engagement platforms enable a broadening of actor groups that engage with an SPO.•Financial crises (e.g., falling funding) drive SPO business model innovation.•Managerial mental models must evolve to enable business model innovation to occur.
The cultural workforce has previously been described as pre-dominantly white, male and middle-class. Internships are often seen as a solution as they would function as a 'democratising path to launch ...careers'. Nevertheless, previous research has also suggested that there is no smooth path from an internship to paid work for anyone, and even less so for some than for others. Moving beyond previous research, which often neglects the production perspective on music festival organisation altogether or exclusively focuses on individuals 'getting into' the cultural and creative industries (CCI), we also include those who are 'moving on'. We question the (non)diverse composition of the popular music festival sector in Rotterdam, focusing on why and how people are excluded from working in it. Semi-structured interviews were collected in two phases: 1) workers who did an internship and moved into the sector (n = 11) and 2) former interns who left the music festival sector after their internship (n = 13). Findings indicate the force of the somatic norm of maleness and how related experiential differences affect sectoral demographic inequality. Moreover, internships are not an 'easy fix' for a non-diverse workforce because of how work is, experienced, organised and rewarded.
This exploratory study investigated the relationship between visitors' behavioural intentions (ex-post) and their motives (ex-ante) for attending a jazz festival. The aim was to discover whether a ...music festival brings additional intangible benefits. The research followed a quantitative approach by conducting a visitor survey at the Cape Town International Jazz Festival in South Africa. Structural Equation Modelling showed that music festivals have the potential to create benefits beyond the festival itself or the host destination, particularly fostering an appreciation of a music genre, increasing purchasing of music, and boosting music tourism. The findings showed that a music festival could have far-reaching benefits that can contribute to its legacy. It also showed that visitors' motives have a unique relationship with their behavioural intentions, which emphasizes the need to market the festival accordingly.
President's Letter Moran, John
VdGSA news,
07/2021, Letnik:
58, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Moran discusses various issues related to the VdGSA, highlighting their 59th Conclave conference feto be held online in Jul 2021. The VdGSA has been a longstanding fixture of the biennial Boston ...Early Music Festival which, like nearly everything else, is online in 2021. Their Festival Liaison Erik Andersen hosted the Society's virtual booth at the exhibition, welcoming a steady stream of people who stopped by to chat. In lieu of a masterclass they supported Laura Jeppesen's charming lecture demonstration "Returning to the Sources," dedicated to the memory of Janet Haas. Again, they presented the Gamba Gamut, a concert (pre-recorded this time) consisting of submissions from a broad cross-section of their members, ranging from middle schoolers in TX to professionals in Japan and everything in between.
Drawing on fieldwork conducted at eight women's music festivals, Eileen M. Hayes shows how studying these festivals--attended by predominately white lesbians--provides critical insight into the role ...of music and lesbian community formation. She argues that the women's music festival is a significant institutional site for the emergence of black feminist consciousness in the contemporary period. Hayes also offers sage perspectives on black women's involvement in the women's music festival scene, the ramifications of their performances as drag kings in those environments, and the challenges and joys of a black lesbian retreat based on the feminist festival model. With acuity and candor, longtime feminist activist Hayes elucidates why this music scene matters. Veteran vocalist, percussionist, producer, and cultural historian Linda Tillery provides a foreword.
Introduction:
Electronic dance music festivals (EDMF) are a unique subset of music mass gatherings. Besides the already more significant burden on in-event health services (IEHS) that comes with ...these festivals, EDMF are also known for their illicit drug use, with their attendees at high risk for illegal drug use.
Method:
Encounter data from all patients seen and treated by IEHS at an annual outdoor multi-day EDMF (focused on hardstyle dance music) in August 2019 were analyzed. Based on the chief complaint, and medical and nursing notes, a list was consolidated into 31 reasons for the consultation of IEHS. The most common reasons for consulting IEHS were analyzed.
Results:
This outdoor hardstyle dance event had 30,000 attendees, of which 580 visited IEHS. This resulted in a patient presentation rate of 19.3/1,000 attendees. Four were transported to the hospital (transport to hospital rate: 0.13/1,000 attendees). The most prevalent reason to consult IEHS were lacerations and abrasions (9.66%), sprains (9.48%), and headaches (7.59%). Only 4.83% of all patients (n = 12) presented with adverse effects of illicit drug use. Of interest is that twelve patients with intoxications (42.86% of all intoxicated patients) were initially triaged as life-threatening, mainly due to obstructed airways. Only one of these twelve needed endotracheal intubation and was transported to the hospital. All other intoxicated patients returned to the event. No direct relationship between gender and the chief complaint was found.
Conclusion:
Besides typical patient presentations, illicit drug use with its adverse effects can seriously impact IEHS. These results confirm the need for highly trained (Advanced life support level) IEHS at EDMF. Competent IEHS can mitigate the burden of these events on regular EMS.
Ian James Burns Burns, Michael
BMJ (Online),
08/2019, Letnik:
366
Journal Article
Recenzirano
...he was instrumental in developing a regional neonatal capability, working closely with Raigmore Hospital’s special care baby unit, providing a critical service for the Highlands and Islands ...and,—with Ian flying as specialist neonatal practitioner—a welcome helicopter air link to Aberdeen and Inverness. The advent of mobile phone technology in the 90s gave him a welcome means of being able to pursue his water sports while juggling hospital and practice on call; it wasn’t uncommon for him to attend call-outs in a wetsuit! Having been given his cue to ride his motorcycle into the assembled party, Ian, who was unfamiliar with the local pubs, famously boldly drove his motorcycle into the wrong pub while wearing full leathers and costume, much to the bemusement of the shocked patrons! A remarkable character, lover of life and academia, with ever an insightful reply, Ian will be dearly missed by so many he touched throughout his life.
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