Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- EN Nowadays, ecological agriculture has become the principal alternative for many farmers in pest control. In the bibliography there ...are many studies of pest control in extensive crops (cereals or fruit trees). Nevertheless, there are few work on horticultural crops. For this reason, this work aims to identify the auxiliary species present in horticultural crops of Valencia. The study also shows the importance of ecological infrastructure as a refuge of auxiliary fauna in order to improve the biological control of the plagues. In addition, this works identify the principal predators and parasitoids presents in the plot under conditions of natural control.- ES La agricultura ecológica se encuentra en la actualidad como la principal alternativa de muchos agricultores para el control de sus plagas. A pesar de que la gran mayoría de estudios para el control natural de plagas se han realizado en cultivos extensivos como cereales o frutales, son muy pocos los trabajos realizados sobre cultivos hortícolas. Por ello, este trabajo se ha realizado con los objetivos de conocer las especies de insectos auxiliares presentes en los cultivos hortícolas de la huerta valenciana, determinar las infraestructuras ecológicas e importancia de las mismas como refugio de fauna auxiliar para mejorar el control biológico de las plagas e identificar los principales depredadores y parasitoides presentes en la parcela bajo condiciones de control natural.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
CANDIDE: a learning system for process control Burg, B.; Luzeaux, D.; Zavidovique, B.
International conference on Industrial and engineering applications of artificial intelligence and expert systems: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Industrial and engineering applications of artificial intelligence and expert systems - Volume 1,
06/1989
Conference Proceeding
Odprti dostop
The aim of this paper is to present an application of artificial intelligence techniques to control. Their use at a high level, as supervisor tools is shortly described and we focuse the attention ...onto their use at low level, inside the control loops. We describe our approach using artificial intelligence machine learning to acquire knowledge concerning the controlled system, to modelise it and finally to control it. As an example, CANDIDE learns to drive a car. We explain all the learning steps and shows the obtained results.
In 1944 and also 1946 Mr. Bedford of Letaba submitted some Hemiptera for identification which he collected at Letaba in the Northern Transvaal and which were observed by him to be predaceous upon the ...red scale of citrus. This species belongs to the Hemipterous family Isometopidae, a family of which no representatives have thus far been descriptionbed or recorded from Africa. The species is of some economic importance in that it also plays a small biological role in the natural control of the red scale. The habits and biology of the species is descriptionbed.
Riverine exports of carbon (C) and organic matter (OM) are regulated by a variety of natural and anthropogenic factors. Understanding the relationships between these various factors and C and OM ...exports can help to constrain global C budgets and allow assessment of current and future anthropogenic impacts on both riverine and global C cycles. We quantified the effects of multiple natural and anthropogenic controls on riverine export fluxes and compositions of particulate organic C, dissolved organic C, and dissolved inorganic C for a regional group of eight rivers in the northeastern U.S. Potential controls related to hydrogeomorphology and regional climate, soil order, soil texture, bedrock lithology, land use, and anthropogenic factors were analyzed individually, collectively, and at scales of both local and regional influence. Factors related to hydrogeomorphology and climate, followed in importance by land use and anthropogenic factors, exhibited the strongest impacts on riverine C exports and compositions, particularly at smaller localized scales. The effects of hydrogeomorphology and climate were primarily related to volumetric flow, which resulted in greater exports of terrestrial and total C. Principal anthropogenic factors included impacts of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and river impoundments. The presence of WWTPs as well as anthropogenic use of carbonate‐based materials (e.g., limestone) may have substantially increased riverine C exports, particularly fossil C exports, in the study region. The presence of nuclear power plants in the associated watersheds is also discussed because of the potential for anthropogenic 14C inputs and subsequent biasing of aquatic C studies utilizing natural abundance 14C.
Key Points
Hydrogeomorphology is a primary control of terrestrial and total river C export
Anthropogenic use of fossil C has increased aged and total C export in rivers
Nuclear power plant presence may bias aquatic studies with natural abundance 14C
Regulatory alternatives for AI Clarke, Roger
The computer law and security report,
08/2019, Letnik:
35, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is enjoying another of its periodic surges in popularity. To the extent that the current promises are fulfilled, AI may deliver considerable benefits. Whether or not it ...does so, however, AI harbours substantial threats. The first article in this series examined those threats. The second article presented a set of Principles and a business process whereby organisations can approach AI in a responsible manner. Given how impactful AI is expected to be, and the very low likelihood that all organisations will act responsibly, it is essential that an appropriate regulatory regime be applied to AI.
This article reviews key regulatory concepts, and considers each of the various forms that regulatory schemes can take. Given the technical and political complexities and the intensity of the threats, co-regulation is proposed as the most appropriate approach. This involves the establishment of a legislated framework with several key features. The parliament needs to declare the requirements, the enforcement processes and sanctions, and allocate the powers and responsibilities to appropriate regulatory agencies. In addition, it delegates the development and maintenance of the detailed obligations to an independent body, comprising representatives of all stakeholder groups, including the various categories of the affected public.
Naturally occurring physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms are responsible for the "cleaning" of many pollutants from the environment. This paper provides an overview of these purification ...processes as they occur in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
