Based on neo-racism theory and human capital theory, this study examined whether international bachelor's degree recipients who graduated from U.S. institutions have significant early career outcome ...differences compared to domestic bachelor's degree recipients in terms of major-job match, annual earnings, and job satisfaction. Recognizing the significant differences in language, culture, and socio-economic conditions among immigrants from different countries of origin, this study further explored possible differences in career outcomes of international bachelor's degree recipients by regions of origin. The findings of this study suggest that international degree recipients have gained labor market parity in major-job match as well as salary and job satisfaction with their domestic counterparts, all things being equal. Further, this study found evidence that region of origin plays an important role in shaping international bachelor's degree recipients' major-job match and annual earnings. The policy implications for postsecondary institutions and the U.S. as a society are discussed. Keywords: major-job match, earnings, job satisfaction, neo-racism, international bachelor's degree recipients
Successful integration must include the long-term enactment of ‘the will to feel Danish’. As Jews in Denmark have done in the course of many generations, so immigrant Muslims must immerse themselves ...to the extent that feeling Danish is naturalized. Such is the perspective proposed in a recent focus group discussion in Denmark on the integration of Muslims into Danish society. This idea of incompatibility between native Danes and Muslim ‘newcomers’ has become a salient feature of what is termed ‘value-based journalism’ and ‘value-based politics’ in the last decade. This article traces the origin of the ‘end of tolerance’ strategy, which follows from this development and examines the emergence of neo-racism in Denmark with its ideas of xenophobia as a natural reaction to other ‘cultures’ which do not belong ’naturally’. It shows that migrants of non-European origin are talked about in an increasingly crass and uncompromising way as a consequence of the belief in incompatibility.
El trabajo analiza los discursos y las prácticas de discriminación racial individuales e institucionales operantes en el sistema escolar e incluso su ejercicio en las mallas más finas y reticulares, ...y cómo los sujetos racializados al tomar conciencia étnica y social se están dando alternativas distintas al sometimiento: negociando, resinificando, disputando dentro de la misma estructura. Pero antes, exploro los dispositivos contra la discriminación racial en el marco legal de corte internacional y nacional y su operación en términos de ambigüedad y contradicción, y cómo la emergencia del neoracismo en base a la llamada “posciencia” (ingeniería genética) instaura la posibilidad de una nueva y más grave forma de segregación racial, basada en el genotipo o en el conjunto de información genética de cada sujeto.
In the 'poor' result achieved by Jean-Marie Le Pen in the 2007 presidential elections, many commentators saw the demise of the Front National. However, when asked by a journalist whether it was the ...end of her father's political career, Marine Le Pen smilingly replied: 'I don't think so. In any case, this is the victory of his ideas!' In this question and answer lies the whole story of the Front National and its impact on mainstream politics in the past two decades. First, Le Pen's defeat was exaggerated, the same way his victory had been in 2002. What Mondon argues in this paper is that the 2002 presidential elections did act as an 'earthquake' within French politics. However, this 'earthquake' did not trigger a tsunami of support for Jean-Marie Le Pen, but rather a tidal wave of misinformation and misunderstanding as to the real significance of the election results. By concentrating on the 2002 and 2007 presidential elections, Mondon highlights how this reaction led to the consecration of right-wing populist politics, best exemplified in the landslide election of Nicolas Sarkozy in 2007. He also provides an insight into the slippery slope Sarkozy's government took after its election, leading to an extremely rightward-leaning 2012 presidential campaign and new heights for the Front National.
Zusammenfassung
Was verbindet den Einsatz psychiatrischer Gutachten im Asylverfahren bei Homosexualität als Fluchtgrund in Deutschland mit dem zu erbringenden Nachweis einer DNA-Analyse bei ...Familiennachzug in Frankreich und mit dem Handwurzelknochentest zur Altersfeststellung bei unbegleiteten minderjährigen Flüchtlingen in Österreich? Vor dem Hintergrund aktueller Flucht- und Migrationsgeschehen und ihrer hegemonialen politischen Kommentierung sowie in Auseinandersetzung mit gegenwärtigen Grenz- und Migrationsregimen analysiert der Beitrag eine spezifische Form des staatlichen Rassismus in modernen Demokratien als Erbe einer überkommen geglaubten bio-politischen Strategie. Er beginnt dabei mit den Außengrenzen der Europäischen Union und ihrer todbringenden Dimension und sucht die biopolitische Figur zu erläutern, die diese Toten letztlich in Kauf nimmt. Jemanden der Gefahr des Todes auszusetzen wird als die äußerste Form der Exklusion gedeutet. Andere – damit verbundene – Formen finden sich in den asyl- und fremdenrechtlichen Verfahren wieder. Drei diesbezügliche Fallbeispiele illustrieren die Intersektionalität von Diskriminierungs- und Exklusionserfahrungen und zeigen unter biopolitischer Analyseperspektive, wie sich die herrschaftliche Unterscheidungspraxis zwischen als legitim und als illegitim erachteten Gesellschaftsmitgliedern innerhalb der Europäischen Union fortsetzt.
Skenderovic's article focuses on the relationship between the issue of immigration and parties of the radical right. Immigration serves as the primary focus for these parties, mirroring their ...exclusionist world-view in which nationalism, neo-racism and xenophobia are the most prominent features. As powerful competitors in most European party systems, radical-right parties have played an influential role in the struggle that has taken place over the way in which immigrants have been defined and perceived in the last twenty years. Their strategy of presenting immigration as a contentious and menacing development appears to bring some electoral success, since voters support these parties on account of their immigration agenda and their view of immigrants. As Skenderovic shows, Switzerland serves as a particularly interesting case study. Since the 1960s, radical-right parties have used the issue of immigration to appeal to voters and have contributed to the fact that the theme of immigration has remained at the centre of the Swiss political stage. With their exclusionist agenda, Swiss radical-right parties have sought to present immigration as a threat to the country. Instruments available in the system of direct democracy have allowed effective opportunities for these parties to expound on immigration-related issues and to have considerable influence on immigration policymaking. In addition, the alleged danger of Überfremdung, 'over-foreignization', a longstanding discursive frame in Swiss immigration policy, has been consistently evoked by radical-right parties seeking to bolster their anti-immigration campaigns. By primarily drawing attention to the supply side of political mobilization, the Swiss case conspicuously demonstrates the significant roles that a favourable institutional and discursive environment and a concise immigration agenda can play both in the efforts of radical-right parties to gain popular support and in pushing through their demands on issues related to immigration.
A presente investigação buscou analisar a condição de mulheres negras, docentes no ensino superior em universidades privadas da cidade de Sorocaba-SP, no período de 2000 a 2007, através de suas ...respectivas trajetórias e narrativas, articuladas em três aspectos: gênero, raça e escolaridade. Nosso objetivo foi verificar a inserção política e profissional da mulher negra, como docente, do Ensino Superior. A análise das narrativas de suas trajetórias e dos dados quantitativos que dispomos nos possibilita afirmar que a condição da mulher negra como professora universitária é a de exclusão. Um olhar atento sobre as trajetórias e narrativas de três mulheres negras, professoras universitárias na cidade de Sorocaba - São Paulo desvela uma história de neo-racismo brasileiro. Consideramos que no momento em que a mulher negra se fizer mais presente, como docente na universidade e em posições sociais e profissões em que antes não lhe era permitido, promoverá a construção de identidades diversificadas, com novos modos de existência e representações que poderão contribuir para a consolidação de uma sociedade plural.The present research sought to examine the condition of black women professors in higher education in private universities in the city of Sorocaba - SP, from 2000 to 2007, through their respective trajectories and narratives, focused on three aspects: gender, race, schooling. Our goal was to verify the political and professional integration of black women as Higher Education professors. The narrative analysis of their trajectories and the quantitative data allow us to affirm that the condition of black women as university professors is that of exclusion. A closer look at the trajectories and narratives of three black women, university professors in Sorocaba, reveals a history of neo-racism in Brazil. We believe that when black women become more present, as professors at universities and in social positions and professions that weren't allowed before, this will promote the construction of several identities, with new manners of existence and representations that will contribute to the consolidation of a pluralistic society.
Historically, anthropology has occupied a central place in the construction and
reconstruction of race as both an intellectual device and a social reality. Critiques
of the biological concept of race ...have led many anthropologists to adopt
a "no-race" posture and an approach to intergroup difference highlighting
ethnicity-based principles of classification and organization. Often, however,
the singular focus on ethnicity has left unaddressed the persistence of racism
and its invidious impact on local communities, nation-states, and the global
system. Within the past decade, anthropologists have revitalized their interest
in the complex and often covert structures and dynamics of racial inequality.
Recent studies shed light on race’s heightened volatility on contemporary
sociocultural landscapes, the racialization of ethno-nationalist conflicts, anthropology’s
multiple traditions of antiracism, and intranational as well as
international variations in racial constructions, including the conventionally
neglected configurations of whiteness.
Dissimilarities among the reality and what is represented in media caused to efforts to explain how-ness and why-ness of what is called media representation of the world. Therefore, media ...representation has been on board in Cultural and Media Studies. Cultural Study presupposes that what should one focus on in exploring media texts are the underneath ideological and social elements, and their influence on the audience’s views. Hollywood, among other media productions, enjoys a distinguished, unique status in representing the world. The present study reviews “a discourse-within-a-discourse”. In the other words, Iran’s representation would be explored as a part of representing Orient (or Islam) in the western media. Here, Hollywood –as a media-within-mass-media- represents American Media in general. Reviewing movies produced in Hollywood within which Iran is represented, she is represented as the “subaltern other”. Thus, it could be said that Hollywood generally works in the “neo-racist” theoretical framework. In this study, 3 theoretical traditions; namely the Cultural Studies, Post-Colonial Studies, and Film Theory have been applied. The central “representation” concept in the present study is a combined derivation of Michel Foucault and Stewart Hall’s theories. Then, Edward Said’s ideas in Post-Colonial Studies would be explored. And finally, Film Theory would help to apply the concept of representation besides the Post-Colonial Studies in Film Studies.
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