Novozgrajena okolja v mestih, katerih značilnosti so se spremenile zaradi neoliberalnih procesov in prednostnih odločitev, so pogosto predmet kritik zaradi pomanjkanja estetske kakovosti. Zaradi teh ...kritik postaja estetska presoja tovrstnih okolij čedalje pomembnejša, pri čemer se pojavljata ključni vprašanji, kako lahko take presoje opravimo in kako lahko njihova dognanja vključimo v zakonodajo. Avtorici članka obe vprašanji obravnavata na primeru Istanbula, pri čemer določata in razvrščata formalne estetske dejavnike na podlagi faktorske analize in analize variance izsledkov ankete, ki sta jo leta 2017 v Istanbulu opravili s tremi vzorčnimi skupinami (raziskovalci, oblikovalci in uradniki). Izsledki analiz kažejo, da se pri presojanju formalne estetike pogledi raziskovalcev razlikujejo od pogledov uradnikov in oblikovalcev. Poleg tega razkrivajo, da so značaj in identiteta, zelena gradnja in neujemanje identitete in grajenih oblik pomembni dejavniki, ki vplivajo na urbano formalno estetiko novozgrajenih okolij. Avtorici članek skleneta z razpravo o tem, kako bi lahko te dejavnike na primeru Istanbula vključili v zakonodajo.
Higher nursing workload increases the odds of patient deaths, as the work environment has a significant effect on patient outcomes. The aim of the study was to explore the relation between patient ...outcomes and nurses' working conditions in hospitals.
Administrative data on discharges of surgical patients for the year 2019 in eight general hospitals and two university medical centres in Slovenia were collected to determine in-hospital mortality within 30 days of admission. The RN4CAST survey questionnaire was used to gather data from nurses in these hospitals, with 1,010 nurses participating. Data was collected at the beginning of 2020. The number of nurses per shift and the nurse-to-patient ratio per shift were calculated. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to analyse the data.
The 30-day in-hospital mortality for surgical patients was 1.00% in the hospitals sampled and ranged from 0.27% to 1.62%. The odds ratio for staffing suggests that each increase of one patient per RN is associated with a 6% increase in the likelihood of a patient dying within 30 days of admission. The mean patient-to-RN ratio was 15.56 (SD=2.50) and varied from 10.29 to 19.39. Four of the 13 tasks checked were not performed on patients during the last shift.
The results are not encouraging, with an extremely critical shortage of RNs and thus a high RN workload. The number of patients per RN is the highest in Europe and also higher than in some non-European countries, and represents an extreme risk to the quality of nursing and healthcare as a whole. The recommendation for acute non-emergency internal medicine and surgery departments is four patients per RN per shift.
Abstract Introduction Aimed at preparing the basis for planning evidence-based public health measures for preservation/ improvement of nurses’ work ability (WA), the objective was to assess the ...relationship between WA and sense of coherence (SOC). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 among 713 nurses in Croatia. The association between poor WA index (PWAI) and SOC score (SOCS), adjusted for possible confounders, was determined by binary logistic regression analysis. Results The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant negative association between SOCS and PWAI (OR=0.977, 95% CI 0.968 – 0.986, p<0.001). The results of multivariate logistic analysis showed an even stronger statistically significant negative association between SOCS and PWAI (OR=0.966, 95% CI 0.954 – 0.977, p<0.001) when adjusted for confounders. Conclusions The present study suggested SOC as an important health promoting resource of nurses which might offer protection regarding work-related stress. Weak SOC could be an important explanatory factor of poor WA. Accordingly, improving SOC by implementing health promotion measures in nurses’ workplace could be an important way to increase the WA among nurses.
Prispevek obravnava devet slikarjev, izpričanih v kranjskem mestecu Višnja Gora od leta 1644 do leta 1790. Razen dveh so bili med seboj vsi sorodstveno povezani, čeprav je šlo le v dveh primerih za ...zaporedni generaciji, pri družini Faenzi iz 17. stoletja za očeta in sina, pri družini Nirenberger iz 18. stoletja pa za očeta in dva sinova. Druge sorodstvene vezi so se spletle s svaštvom in porokama z vdovama slikarjev. V Višnji Gori delujoči slikarji niti v kranjskem regionalnem merilu niso bili prvovrstni umetniki svojega časa. Dela štirih niso ohranjena oziroma niso identificirana kot njihova. Delo najstarejšega, Francesca Faenzija, poznamo samo iz pisnih virov; ohranjena sta dva pozlačena oltarja Janeza Jakoba Menharda in več del Antona Nirenbergerja, ki je deloval na Gorenjskem, vse obravnavane slikarje pa po kvantiteti in kvaliteti presega Franc Anton Nirenberger, čigar slike in pozlatitve oltarjev najdemo v širokem geografskem prostoru dežele Kranjske. Prištevati ga je mogoče med boljše slikarje, katerih slikarstvo je šlo v korak z umetnostnim razvojem poznega baroka. Prispevek obravnava tudi gmotne razmere slikarjev in njihovo vključenost v družbeno okolje
The populations of rural areas across Europe, especially Slovenia, are ageing rapidly and the areas themselves are becoming depopulated. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to our understanding ...of the population dynamics and provide a method for forecasting housing and other long-term care needs.
The surveys questioned those responsible for long-term care, the caretakers in institutional care, and current and potential homecare users in rural areas of Slovenia. We wanted to discover what they considered as crucial in the process of long-term care deinstitutionalization. Our 2020-2050 projections are based on the surveys conducted across 38 municipalities in the Eastern Slovenian region and an in-depth empirical study in Posavje. The results are embedded in the demographic projections and the multistate transition model of the declining functional capacities to forecast the needed housing facilities and human resources.
The results are the time series of required capacities. Around 60% of respondents in Slovenian rural areas believe that even a better organization of homecare would not allow them to stay at home until death due to inadequately built housing and the absence of a continuous presence of caregivers. These findings were included in the projections. Therefore, community care in the network of Smart Silver Villages was proposed.
Investments are needed to renovate the housing stock of older adults and construct sheltered, assisted living housing and specialized households in the community. Moreover, proper education and training of human resources would increase the output. In addition, financial solutions are advised to develop Smart Silver Villages.
The objective was to develop and validate an instrument that measures different determinants of people's food choices and simultaneously accounts for a variety of factors: health, emotions, price and ...availability, society and culture, environment and politics, and marketing and advertising.
This is a cross-sectional study focusing on food choice determinants. It was carried out in 16 countries in 2017 and 2018. This study included 11,960 volunteer adult participants from different countries. The data was validated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).
Validation using CFA with SEM revealed that multi-factor modelling produced first- and second-order models that could be used to define the EATMOT scale, the first presenting better fitting indices, with the goodness-of-fit and comparative-fit indices very close to 1, as well as root-mean-square-error-of-approximation, root-mean-square-residual and standardised-root-mean-square-residual at practically zero.
The validated EATMOT scale guarantees confidence in the information obtained through this instrument, and can be used in future studies to better understand food choice determinants in different geographical areas and help plan strategies to improve healthy eating patterns and diminish the burden of non-communicable diseases.
Stanovanje spada med osnovne človekove dobrine in pravice. Njegova vloga je mnogostranska, saj omogoča zadovoljevanje številnih človekovih potreb, poleg tega stanovanje ni omejeno le na ozek bivalni ...prostor, ampak vključuje tudi širše bivalno okolje, v katerem posameznik prebiva. Odnos posameznika do stanovanja in bivalnega okolja se skozi njegovo življenje spreminja. Zlasti v času starosti naj bi dobilo stanovanje še poseben pomen. Kot kažejo raziskave, želijo starejši zato čim dalj časa ostati v svojem bivalnem okolju, saj naj bi bili nanj navezani. Da bi ugotovili, ali spoznanja o navezanosti starejših na lastno bivalno okolje držijo tudi za Slovenijo, smo v članku analizirali, koliko so na svoje stanovanje in širše bivalno okolje navezani starejši v Sloveniji in kako so z bivanjem v njem zadovoljni. Mnenja starejših smo pridobili z anketiranjem, statistično analizo pa smo opravili s programom SPSS, in sicer na podlagi izračuna več statističnih testov povezanosti. Analiza je potrdila našo predpostavko, da so tudi slovenski starejši na svoj dom oziroma domače okolje zelo navezani in da so z bivanjem v njem zadovoljni. Pokazalo se je še, da so med starejšimi glede tega nekatere razlike, ki so odvisne od tega, koliko so ljudje stari, kje živijo in koliko časa že bivajo v svojem domu.
The book (' The Energy Needs Of Humanity Through Time: From The Industrial Revolution To Type I Civilization') is about global consumption of energy and its impact on our planet. Energy demand is a ...quite dynamic phenomenon and depends heavily on technological development, which is particularly evident during industrial revolutions, which had improved the quality of life for the inhabitants, but lead to increase in energy consumption. However~the economic progress did not account for tangible physical limits of our planet, which manifested in rise in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and a rapid increase in average annual global temperature. The consequences of this type of behavior are clear – future global warming, rising sea levels and direct threat to vast, low-lying areas, as well as a rapid increase in the number and consequences of extreme weather events such as storms, prolonged rainfall, and the like. A path toward less energy intense future requires rapid reductions of fossil fuels usage but also a radical shift towards larger energy efficiency. The book is intended as a source of key data showing how we have arrived at the current state of energy consumption and understanding of climate change.
Selen in njegove zvrsti v okolju ŽNIDARČIČ, Dragan
Acta agriculturae slovenica,
03/2011, Letnik:
97, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Selen (Se) je esencialen element za ljudi in živali, za rastline pa njegova esencialnost še ni dokazana. Številne študije so tudi pokazale, da imajo nekatere organske oblike Se antikancerogeno ...delovanje proti določenim oblikam raka. Se je prisoten v tleh (naravno ali zaradi antropogenih vplivov) in pride v prehranjevalno verigo prek rastlin. Se se v okolju nahaja tako v anorganski kot v organski obliki, vključujoč selenoaminokisline in metilirane zvrsti. Sposobnost nekaterih rastlin, da akumulirajo in transformirajo anorganske oblike Se v bioaktivne organske oblike, pomembno vpliva na prehrano in s tem na človekovo zdravje. Esencialnost Se za rastline še ni bila dokazana, vendar so nekatere rastline sposobne absorbirati večje količine tega elementa. Nekatere rastline (vrste iz rodov Astragalus, Stanleya, Morinda in Neptunia) na eni strani lahko akumulirajo več tisoč miligramov Se kg-1 suhe snovi (Se akumulirajoče rastline), na drugi strani pa imamo rastline, ki vsebujejo manj kot 25 mg Se kg-1 suhe snovi (Se neakumulirajoče rastline). V tretjo skupino sodijo Se sekundarno akumulirajoče rastline iz rodov Aster, Atriplex, Castilleja …, ki dobro uspevajo na tleh, bogatih s Se, rastejo pa tudi, če je Se manj, in akumulirajo do 1.000 mg Se kg-1 suhe snovi. Rastline se pred visokimi koncentracijami Se branijo tako, da ohranjajo koncentracijo SeCys in SeMet v celicah, da povečujejo tvorbo nebeljakovinskih aminokislin, da izključijo SeCys iz beljakovin ali s pretvorbo Se v hlapne spojine.
V prvem delu pričujočega prispevka je predstavljenih nekaj bistvenih teoretičnih izhodišč metodike poučevanje ruščine kot tujega jezika ter njen kratek zgodovinski oris. V drugem delu prispevka se ...avtorica osredotoča na poučevanje in učenje ruskega jezika v slovenskem prostoru. Predstavljeni so rezultati vprašalnika za učitelje ruščine, s pomočjo katerega je avtorica izvedela, kje se ruščina poučuje, kakšna gradiva se pri tem uporabljajo in na katerih področjih ugotavljajo učitelji največje težave pri učenju in usvajanju ruskega jezika.
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