This paper examines the intergenerational transmission of gender attitudes in India, a setting with severe discrimination against women and girls. We use survey data on gender attitudes ...(specifically, about the appropriate roles and rights of women and girls) collected from nearly 5500 adolescents attending 314 schools in the state of Haryana, and their parents. We find that when a parent holds a more discriminatory attitude, his or her child is about 11 percentage points more likely to hold the view. We find that parents hold greater sway over students' gender attitudes than their peers do, and that mothers influence children's gender attitudes more than fathers. Parental attitudes influence child attitudes more in Scheduled Caste communities and student gender attitudes are positively correlated with behaviours such as interacting with children of the opposite gender.
The current study aimed to assess perceived stress levels among dental students at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to explore the influence of parental roles in their decision to pursue dentistry as a ...potential source of social stress.
This cross-sectional study employed the validated Dental Environmental Stress (DES) Scale to evaluate perceived stress, and incorporated additional questions to fulfill the research aim. We approached all undergraduate dental students at King Saud University, both male and female, across all academic years, using online channels (such as emails, WhatsApp, Twitter, etc.) and hard copy distribution. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 20, utilizing descriptive and correlation statistics.
A total of 326 students participated in the study, with an even distribution of male and female students. Female students reported higher levels of stress compared to their male counterparts across most DES domains. A notable correlation emerged between mean DES scores in certain domains and influence of parents in the decision to pursue dentistry.
Our findings indicate that female dental students experience higher stress levels than males in all examined areas, barring social stressors. Furthermore, the study underscores the significant impact of parental involvement in choosing dentistry as a career on students' stress level.
Teen Driver Distractions and Parental Norms Hoseinzadeh Nooshabadi, Mehdi; Vasquez, Holland; Merrikhpour, Maryam ...
Transportation research record,
10/2022, Letnik:
2676, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Research related to parental norms on teen driver distractions is limited, although distracted driving is a serious concern for teens. This paper investigates whether teens’ perception of their ...parent’s engagement in and approval of distractions is different to what their parent reports, and whether any discrepancy relates to teens’ self-reported distraction engagement frequency. It also investigates whether there are discrepancies between the parents’ perception of their teen’s distraction engagement frequency and the teen’s self-report. A distinction is made between legal and illegal distractions as drivers may build stronger norms around illegal distractions. Analyses were conducted on data from 63 teen–parent dyads from Ontario, Canada, who completed an online survey, including self-reported engagement in 16 distractions and related descriptive (what parents/teens do) and injunctive (what parents approve/disapprove) norms. Dyads were divided into two groups: higher-engagers (n = 27) and lower-engagers (n = 36) based on teens’ self-reported engagement frequency. Higher-engagers reported engaging in both distraction types (legal and illegal) more often than their parent did; there was no difference between lower-engagers and their parent. Higher-engagers’ perception of their parent’s engagement in and approval of legal distractions was higher than their parent’s self-report, while these parents perceived their teen’s engagement in both distraction types to be lower compared with the teen’s self-report. The only discrepancy observed for lower-engagers was that teens’ perception of their parent’s approval of legal distractions was higher than parents’ self-reports. Our findings suggest that misperceptions may exist for teens who engage more frequently in distractions and for their parents, who may benefit from relevant interventions.
Applying a socio-spatial perspective, this study examines the ethnoreligious identities of Turkish immigrant parents in Germany within home-school-society relational spaces. A total of 22 qualitative ...interviews with parents of children aged 3-6 years or 8-12 years were conducted and analyzed using content analysis. The findings show that parents construct a home space by adopting religious congruence with or separation from school and societal spaces based on their ethnoreligious identities. The inclusive or exclusive school and societal spaces reproduce each other and, in turn, shape parental identities that influence beliefs and practices related to ethnoreligious upbringing within the home space. Besides contributing to the spatial perspective in educational research, this study has implications for policy and practice.
Introduction
Poor parental monitoring has been theorized as a key risk factor for an adolescent's association with deviant peers. However, measurements of parental monitoring often only measure ...parental knowledge rather than parental monitoring actions, leaving the true longitudinal associations between parental monitoring and peer delinquency unclear.
Methods
The current sample consisted of 1095 male justice‐involved adolescents (13–17 years old at baseline collected between 2011 and 2013) from across the United States who provided survey data every 6 months for 3 years. Longitudinal associations between parental monitoring constructs (i.e., parental solicitation and monitoring rules) and peer delinquency were tested using random intercept cross‐lagged panel models to investigate both between‐individual associations and within‐individual bidirectional effects.
Results
Although parental monitoring and peer delinquency were negatively related at a between‐individual level, very few within‐individual directional effects were found. The few within‐individual effects present indicated that parental solicitation predicted greater peer delinquency and peer delinquency predicted fewer parental monitoring rules over time.
Conclusions
Current findings indicate that, while greater overall parental monitoring is associated with less peer delinquency, there is little evidence that changes in parental monitoring lead to reductions in peer delinquency over time. Results support previous findings suggesting parental monitoring should not be the sole target of intervention for reducing peer delinquency.
Drawing upon the literatures in information privacy, developmental psychology, and family science, this research investigates how parental online privacy concerns can be passed on to adolescents and ...affect their self-disclosure on social networking sites. We propose that parental privacy concerns decrease adolescents’ self-disclosure both directly (i.e., compliance) and indirectly through adolescents’ privacy concerns (i.e., internalization) and that such effects are moderated by parent-child privacy dissonance, parental internet evaluative mediation, and adolescents’ gender. To test the research model, we collected matched parent-child data from 726 families in China. The results show the indirect effect of parental privacy concerns on adolescents’ self-disclosure via their influence on adolescents’ privacy concerns. In addition, parent-child privacy dissonance weakens the effect of adolescents’ privacy concerns on self-disclosure. The extent to which parents employ internet evaluative mediation to guide adolescents’ online activities reinforces the effect of parental privacy concerns on adolescents’ privacy concerns. Statistical analyses further revealed that the mediating effect of adolescents’ privacy concerns is weakened by parent-child privacy dissonance but strengthened by internet evaluative mediation. We also found that parental privacy concerns affect sons and daughters through different paths, especially when parents employ high internet evaluative mediation. Under high internet evaluative mediation, parental privacy concerns affect sons’ self-disclosure primarily through an indirect path (via sons’ privacy concerns), but influence daughters’ self-disclosure both directly and indirectly via daughters’ privacy concerns. We conclude by discussing theoretical contributions and practical implications.
The present study sought to investigate how parental emotional warmth and attachments jointly contribute to adolescents’ character strengths. The Chinese version of the Short-Form Egna Minnen av ...Barndoms Uppfostran (s-EMBU-C), the simplified Chinese version of the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Revised (IPPA-R), and the VIA Inventory of Strengths for Youth (VIA-Youth) were administered to 1380 adolescents (Mage = 14.43 years, SD = 0.93 years; 49.5% girls) to measure their parental emotional warmth, parental attachment, peer attachment, and character strengths. The results showed a significant positive correlation between parental emotional warmth, parental attachment, peer attachment, and adolescents’ character strengths. Parental emotional warmth contributed to adolescents’ character strengths via the serial multiple mediating effects of parental attachment and peer attachment. Moreover, parental attachment contributed to adolescents’ character strengths via the serial multiple mediating effects of parental emotional warmth and peer attachment. Gender-specific results were not found for these relationships. Our findings revealed the possible mechanisms of the influence of parental emotional warmth and attachments on adolescents’ character strengths and provided further insights into the development of character strengths during adolescence.
•Reported family climate for driving safety can buffer or increase driving risk.•Family climate for driving safety is a moderator of ADHD and dangerous driving.•Feedback and open communication ...weakened the ADHD and dangerous driving association.•Parental monitoring strengthened the ADHD and dangerous driving association.•Noncommitment to safety strengthened the ADHD and dangerous driving association.
Dangerous driving accounts for 95% of driving fatalities among emerging adults. Emerging adult drivers exhibiting symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are at greater risk for motor vehicle crashes and engaging in unsafe driving practices; however, not all individuals with ADHD symptoms exhibit such risk. Several studies have found that drivers’ perceptions of their family’s values and priorities related to driving practices predict driving outcomes among emerging adults; these factors have not been examined in the context of ADHD symptomology. We examined family climate for road safety as a moderator of ADHD symptoms and dangerous driving behaviors in a sample of college students. A total of 4,392 participants completed surveys measuring self-reported ADHD symptoms, dangerous driving behavior, and family climate for road safety. Results indicated that higher levels of parental feedback weakened the relation between ADHD symptoms and aggressive driving; higher levels of parental monitoring strengthened this relationship. Higher levels of parental monitoring strengthened the association between ADHD symptoms and negative emotion while driving. When participants perceived their parents as having high levels of noncommitment to road safety, the association between ADHD symptoms and self-reported risky driving increased. Higher levels of open communication about unsafe driving attenuated the relation between ADHD and risky driving. Overall, some but not all components of family climate for road safety appear to affect the relation between ADHD symptoms and dangerous driving in the expected direction.
Few studies have examined the distinct reproductive concerns (RC) of men and women in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patient population. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to ...explore and differentiate the RC of AYAs.
Participants completed the Reproductive Concerns After Cancer (RCAC) scale and participated in a semistructured interview. Interviews were deductively coded based on an analytic schema derived from the RCAC.
After identifying participants through the electronic health record, 27 younger AYAs, ages 12-25, enrolled in the study. Four inductive themes emerged and differed by gender. These include differential temporality, acceptance, and openness to alternatives, partner influence, and parental/guardian influence. AYA men reported fewer RC (M = 49.4, SD = 9.6) compared to AYA women (M = 56.8, SD = 8.4).
Oncofertility care providers are advised to account for short- and long-ranging concerns based on AYAs' gender. Future evaluations of patient-reported outcome measures specific to AYA RC are recommended.
This article approaches educational and vocational career in contemporary China. Since 2012 the Chinese government has committed to a model for the development of individual’s career, where the ...decision-making of students should be guided by universalistic criteria. However, specific aspects and values of Chinese society must be considered while evaluating this model. While doing that through a questionnaire based on the concepts of professional educational guidance, cultural capital, economic capital, and social capital, we propose patterns of parental influence on children in educational and career guidance and a scale to measure them. We conclude that the family plays out a central role in what concerns vocational guidance of their children, but Chinese values may not specifically explain that interference.
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