Household electricity consumption influenced by various behavioural intervention strategies is difficult to predict due to the uncertainty that arises from human behaviours and their responses to ...intervention. Based on an energy conservation experiment conducted in Hangzhou, China, the study aims to develop an improved Support Vector Regression model that is capable of predicting household electricity consumption under multiple intervention strategies. This paper firstly proposes a variable selection approach to determine the best subset of consumption predictors using Akaike Information Criterion. The critical predictors of energy behaviours, personality traits, demographic/building features, weather indicators and the historical monthly consumption is identified in this process. Furthermore, this research also introduces the interaction effect between the energy behaviour and all other predictors to the Support Vector Regression model which applies Gaussian radial basis function optimised by genetic algorithm as the kernel function. More importantly, the proposed model is able to select the optimal intervention strategy and to predict the maximum electricity savings for each household. It enables the households to achieve an average reduction of 12.1% in monthly electricity consumption compared with the conventional behavioural intervention. Moreover, the Monte Carlo simulation is performed to explore the relationship between personality traits, the best-fit intervention strategies and the maximum electricity savings. The study also identifies five types of households with different combinations of extraversion and conscientiousness that respond differently to the optimised interventions. The findings of this study contribute to the residential demand-side energy management by enriching and diversifying personalised behavioural intervention strategies.
•The improved SVR model can predict electricity usage under behavioural interventions.•18 critical predictors including behaviours and personality traits are selected.•WeChat with feedback can lead to the largest electricity savings up to 15.97%.•5 types of people responding differently to optimal interventions are identified.•The proposed method can achieve an average 12.1% reduction in electricity usage.
Language is a psychologically rich medium for human expression and communication. While language usage has been shown to be a window into various aspects of people's social worlds, including their ...personality traits and everyday environment, its correspondence to people's moral concerns has yet to be considered. Here, we examine the relationship between language usage and the moral concerns of Care, Fairness, Loyalty, Authority, and Purity as conceptualized by Moral Foundations Theory. We collected Facebook status updates (N = 107,798) from English-speaking participants (n = 2691) along with their responses on the Moral Foundations Questionnaire. Overall, results suggested that self-reported moral concerns may be traced in language usage, though the magnitude of this effect varied considerably among moral concerns. Across a diverse selection of Natural Language Processing methods, Fairness concerns were consistently least correlated with language usage whereas Purity concerns were found to be the most traceable. In exploratory follow-up analyses, each moral concern was found to be differentially related to distinct patterns of relational, emotional, and social language. Our results are the first to relate individual differences in moral concerns to language usage, and to uncover the signatures of moral concerns in language.
The multi-dimensionality of the transformational leadership construct has been under debate in the last decades. To shed more light on this issue, we conducted a meta-analysis (k=58 studies), ...examining the transformational leadership sub-dimensions and their links to leader personality and performance in order to gather empirical evidence of the multi-dimensionality of transformational leadership. First, the results showed that the Big 5 personality traits are directly linked to transformational leadership sub-dimensions and to the overall measure, and are indirectly linked to leader performance. Interestingly, however, different combinations of the personality traits are differentially related to the transformational leadership behaviors. For instance, whereas inspirational motivation is related to all personality traits, only openness to experience and agreeableness affect individualized consideration. These findings emphasize the importance of examining the transformational leadership sub-dimensions separately to gain a deeper understanding of the nature and the antecedents of these leadership behaviors.
Interoception is the ability to feel one's internal bodily sensations and it is related to emotional experience and the processing of emotional stimuli. Alexithymia is defined by difficulties in ...identifying and describing one's emotions and externally oriented thinking. Additionally, it is linked to impairments in emotional awareness and the regulation of emotions. It is largely assumed that alexithymia relates negatively both to subjective and objective interoception. However, evidence is scarce for the latter relation. The relationship between Interoceptive Accuracy (IAcc, as measured with the heartbeat tracking task), Interoceptive Sensibility (IS, self-report measure of interoception assessed via questionnaires), and alexithymia (i.e., TAS-20) was examined across ten studies (total N=998). Results showed a weak negative correlation between alexithymia and IS but no correlation between alexithymia and IAcc.
•The relationship between interoception and alexithymia was examined.•A negative correlation between alexithymia and interoceptive sensibility was found.•No correlation between alexithymia and interoceptive accuracy was revealed.
This paper examines the effects of cognitive abilities and non-cognitive skills on gambling behaviors in Australia. We use the scores for three cognitive functioning tasks as measures of cognitive ...abilities. Locus of control and the Big Five personality traits are used as measures of non-cognitive skills. We find that cognitive abilities affect both gambling participation and problem gambling. While locus of control does not affect people’s participation in gambling, gambling participants with strong internal locus of control are less likely to become a problem gambler than those with external locus of control. We also show that personality traits are important factors for both gambling participation and problem gambling. There is also evidence that both cognitive and non-cognitive skills affect gamblers’ choice between skill-and-chance gambling and pure-chance gambling. Our findings seem to support the view that market imperfection could at least explain some individuals’ participation in gambling.
Personality profiles describe individual persons' locations on multiple trait dimensions and enable calculation of profile similarity indices for individual persons and dyads. They are easily ...misinterpreted, however, unless two components are distinguished: a normative component comprising the sample means of the variables and a distinctive component reflecting the given individual's deviations from those means. These two profile components provide different kinds of information. Focusing on person-perception research, we review predictors of the similarity of individual profiles to the normative profile (i.e., profile normativeness) and of the agreement between distinctive profiles. We also provide some suggestions for future research.
We present a three-dimensional taxonomy of achievement emotions that considers valence, arousal, and object focus as core features of these emotions. By distinguishing between positive and negative ...emotions (valence), activating and deactivating emotions (arousal), and activity emotions, prospective outcome emotions, and retrospective outcome emotions (object focus), the taxonomy has a 2 × 2 × 3 structure representing 12 groups of achievement emotions. In four studies across different countries (N = 330, 235, 323, and 269 participants in Canada, the United States, Germany, and the U.K., respectively), we investigated the empirical robustness of the taxonomy in educational (Studies 1-3) and work settings (Study 4). An expanded version of the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire was used to assess 12 key emotions representing the taxonomy. Consistently across the four studies, findings from multilevel facet analysis and structural equation modeling documented the importance of the three dimensions for explaining achievement emotions. In addition, based on hypotheses about relations with external variables, the findings show clear links of the emotions with important antecedents and outcomes. The Big Five personality traits, appraisals of control and value, and context perceptions were predictors of the emotions. The 12 emotions, in turn, were related to participants' use of strategies, cognitive performance, and self-reported health problems. Taken together, the findings provide robust evidence for the unique positions of different achievement emotions in the proposed taxonomy, as well as unique patterns of relations with external variables. Directions for future research and implications for policy and practice are discussed.
Extended Abstract Abstract One of the most important management issues is the effectiveness of managers' performance. According to the latest research, effective managers have certain personality ...traits that affect their performance. In this regard, the present study was conducted to explain the impact of effective personality traits on the performance of crisis managers (Case study: southeastern provinces). The present study was descriptive in terms of purpose and applied in terms of results and its statistical population consisted of all members of the Crisis Management Headquarters of the southeastern provinces of the country (Sistan and Baluchestan, Hormozgan, Kerman, South Khorasan and Yazd) whose number in 1398 was approximately Was over 100 people; Formed. Among them, using Morgan and Krejcie sampling table, a sample of 80 members of the crisis management staff was selected by stratified random sampling. Data collection was done in two parts: qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative part, the method of collecting written information and in the quantitative part, after designing and validating the instrument, the five-factor questionnaire (NEO) was used. The results of the analysis of the research data, while confirming the model of personality traits affecting the proper performance of crisis managers in the southeastern provinces of the country; Showed that there is a significant difference between the personality traits of crisis managers (p <0.05), among which the highest rank is compatibility and then psychoanalysis. According to the obtained result, it is suggested to pay attention to their personality traits when selecting crisis managers. Introduction Today, the main weaknesses of crisis management are lack of coordination and cooperation of organizations, lack of comprehensive rules and regulations, and the obstruction and dispersion and inadequacy of existing laws and regulations and limited financial resources. In this regard, experts believe that the personal philosophy of managers affects their attitudes toward various issues of the organization and employees, issues around them and their activities. In other words, since managers have more power and decision-making power compared to other personnel, their personality and personality traits can influence their decisions and methods, On the other hand, research in the field of crisis management is relatively new and is still in the early stages of development. It's not done; Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the effect of personality traits on the proper performance of crisis managers in the southeastern provinces of the country using structural equation modeling. Case study The case study of the present study was the southeastern provinces of the country (Sistan and Baluchestan, Hormozgan, Kerman, South Khorasan and Yazd). Theoretical framework Crisis is an accident that occurs naturally or by humans, suddenly or increasingly, and imposes hardships and hardships on human society in a way that requires basic measures to resolve. Extraordinary and crisis management is a practical science that seeks to find tools by systematically observing crises and analyzing them to prevent crises, or if they occur, to reduce them. Its effects were the necessary readiness for quick relief and improvement of the situation (Nudell, 2018: 54). Personality is a continuous characteristic through which an individual regulates his interaction and adaptation with others and the social environment (Albert & etal, 2006: 426). Costa and McCurry (2000) consider personality to consist of five main factors that cover many personality traits: empiricism, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreement, and neuroticism (Salimi, 2018: 34). Methodology The present study is descriptive in terms of purpose and applied in terms of results, which was used by combined or mixed method of exploratory type and was conducted at two levels of quality (foundation data method) and quantitative. In the qualitative part, the statistical population includes all scientific elites in the field of crisis management and in the quantitative part includes all members of the crisis management staff in the southeastern provinces of the country (Sistan and Baluchestan, Hormozgan, Kerman, South Khorasan and Yazd), whose number in 1398 It is about 100 people (the number of members of the Crisis Management Headquarters in each of the 5 provinces is over 20 people). For sampling in the qualitative part, the sample size was not considered and the number of interviews was so large that the results reached saturation and purposive sampling was used. In the quantitative section, a sample of 80 members of the Crisis Management Headquarters was selected by stratified random sampling using Morgan and Krejcie sampling table. To collect information in the qualitative section, the method of collecting written information and then field methods such as interviews (scientific elite) were used, and in the section shortly after designing and validating the tool, the five-factor questionnaire (NEO) was used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22 and three tests were performed using AMOS software version 22. Discussion and Results The results of the analysis of research data confirmed the model of personality traits affecting the proper performance of crisis managers in the southeastern provinces of the country and showed that there is a significant difference between the personality traits of crisis managers (p <0.05). It has the highest rank compatibility and then psychoanalysis. Individual variables and personality traits determine whether specific job demands are considered manageable or conflicting. People with different personality traits use different coping strategies to deal with stressful situations such as crisis management. The high level of adaptation among crisis managers causes them to adapt to more working conditions and increase their efficiency. Psychoanalysis, on the other hand, is associated with traits such as emotional exhaustion, which causes psychoanalysts to focus more on the negative aspects of their job and position and to perform poorly in their job. Conclusion The results of the present study showed that the personality traits of crisis managers affect their performance; Therefore, it is suggested that when recruiting crisis managers, attention should be paid to their personality traits and separate training courses should be held to improve their conscientiousness, openness and adaptability.
The present study investigated the influence of Dark Tetrad (DT) personality traits and loneliness on internet trolling behavior. Five hundred and thirteen participants (51.1% females) completed ...questionnaires to assess their level of DT personality traits, loneliness, and internet trolling behavior. Results revealed that each of the DT personality traits and loneliness were positive predictors of internet trolling. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that higher levels of loneliness were positively associated with internet trolling in high Machiavellianism individuals. Additionally, higher levels of loneliness were positively associated with internet trolling in high psychopathy individuals. These results provide new evidence of the moderating role of loneliness on the relationship between DT personality traits and internet trolling behavior and may provide useful insights into the development and mitigation of this antisocial online response.
Brand equity is a valuable intangible asset for companies, yet is increasingly difficult in managing in an era with hard to control social media. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ...effect of social media usage characteristics on electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM), trust, and brand equity by dividing the characteristics to personality, social, and information. A survey was administered to 430 respondents who had experience of using airline social media and the collected data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that the personality and informational characteristics from social media usage had statistically significant effects on e-WOM. It was found that the e-WOM had significant effects on trust and also on brand awareness. The trust was shown to have a statistically significant effect on brand awareness and brand image. Therefore, this study categorizes social media usage characteristics into three characteristics: personality characteristics, social characteristics, and information characteristics, and each of these usage characteristics present a strategy to improve actual brand equity of airline through e-WOM and trust in empirical methods. The findings of this study are expected to provide fundamental data for the development of strategies related to airline social media. In addition, this study has implications for suggesting to improve brand equity through e-WOM and trust.
PDF
