Hybrid 3D Printing of Soft Electronics Valentine, Alexander D.; Busbee, Travis A.; Boley, John William ...
Advanced materials
29, Številka:
40
Journal Article
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Hybrid 3D printing is a new method for producing soft electronics that combines direct ink writing of conductive and dielectric elastomeric materials with automated pick‐and‐place of surface mount ...electronic components within an integrated additive manufacturing platform. Using this approach, insulating matrix and conductive electrode inks are directly printed in specific layouts. Passive and active electrical components are then integrated to produce the desired electronic circuitry by using an empty nozzle (in vacuum‐on mode) to pick up individual components, place them onto the substrate, and then deposit them (in vacuum‐off mode) in the desired location. The components are then interconnected via printed conductive traces to yield soft electronic devices that may find potential application in wearable electronics, soft robotics, and biomedical devices.
Hybrid 3D printing combines direct writing of stretchable conductive traces (electrodes) and elastomeric matrices with automated pick and place of surface mount electrical components, e.g., light‐emitting diodes, to create soft electronic devices, such as wearable sensors.
We conducted 2 studies of coworker dyads to test a theoretical model exploring why and under what circumstances employees are the targets of workplace exclusion. Adopting a victim precipitation ...perspective, we integrate belongingness and social exchange theories to propose that employees who display workplace incivility are distrusted and therefore are targets of workplace exclusion. Highlighting the importance of the context of the perpetrator-target relationship, we also find support for the postulation that this mediated relationship is strengthened when the target employee is perceived to be a weak exchange partner and is attenuated when he or she is viewed as a valuable exchange partner. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
The urgent need for climate change adaptation is becoming more pronounced as climate impacts pervade across all scales. To overcome growing constraints on adaptation, research on the social ...dimensions of adaptation behaviour is of increasing importance. In this respect, there is an expanding body of literature exploring how place attachment influences climate adaptation. However, studies on this relationship have thus far been sporadic and disconnected. We set out to evaluate existing literature with the goal of seeking a comprehensive perspective of current trends and gaps in research practice, and to identify whether place attachment aided or constrained adaptation. A systematic review was undertaken which identified 72 relevant research articles. We quantitatively assessed the research focus of these studies including the type of climate impact and type of adaptation being studied, as well as, study location, methods used and findings. We also conducted a thematic analysis of studies to elicit major emerging links related to attachment and adaptation. Our findings affirm the complex and dynamic nature of this relationship; specifically, we find that effect of place attachment on climate adaptation action are subject to the climate risk perceptions and personal values of the individual, contextual manifestations of climate change impacts, and local sociocultural processes. We identify several gaps in current research, particularly in terms of geography and demography which has implications for equitable climate adaptation. We highlight the need for longitudinal studies, especially from the perspective of successful climate planning and policy and changing environments; and emphasise the importance of incorporating comprehensive insight on place attachment in climate adaptation planning and decision-making processes.
•The extent & manner of influence on adaptation depends on social values & perceptions.•If impacted, attachment could lead to opposition or reduced support for adaptation.•Place-based factors that derive attachment should be accounted for in planning & policy.•More studies based in countries in the global south are needed.•Longitudinal studies are necessary to understand effect of changing circumstances.
To develop and apply goals for future sustainability, we must consider what people care about and what motivates them to engage in solving sustainability issues. Sense of place theory and methods ...provide a rich source of insights that, like the social-ecological systems perspective, assume an interconnected social and biophysical reality. However, these fields of research are only recently beginning to converge, and we see great potential for further engagement. Here, we present an approach and conceptual tools for how the sense of place perspective can contribute to social-ecological systems research. A brief review focuses on two areas where relation to place is particularly relevant: stewardship of ecosystem services, and responses to change in social-ecological systems. Based on the review, we synthesize specific ways in which sense of place may be applied by social-ecological systems researchers to analyze individual and social behaviors. We emphasize the importance of descriptive place meanings and evaluative place attachment as tools to study the patterned variation of sense of place within or among populations or types of places and the implications for resilience and transformative capacity. We conclude by setting out an agenda for future research that takes into account the concerns of resilience thinking such as the effects of dynamic ecology, interactions between temporal and spatial scales, and the interplay of rapid and incremental change on sense of place and place-related behaviors. This future research agenda also includes concerns from the broader sense of place literature such as the importance of structural power relationships on the creation of place meanings and how scaling up a sense of place may influence pro-environmental behavior.
Our study investigates the role of identity and heritage of a place in creating competitiveness of the place and its retailers, by utilizing its image and reputation to improve its attraction for ...tourists. We explored the perceptions of tourists to test a conceptual model which was developed using concepts available in current academic literature. Data were collected relating to a famous retail store in London which is a popular destination. Findings from a survey of 294 store tourists visiting the store suggest that place heritage is the key driver of competitiveness of both the retailer and place, through their image and reputation. The study has important implications for the expansion of current literature, theory development and business practices. Limitations of the study are outlined and directions for future research are considered.
Visual Place Recognition: A Survey Lowry, Stephanie; Sunderhauf, Niko; Newman, Paul ...
IEEE transactions on robotics,
02/2016, Letnik:
32, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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Visual place recognition is a challenging problem due to the vast range of ways in which the appearance of real-world places can vary. In recent years, improvements in visual sensing capabilities, an ...ever-increasing focus on long-term mobile robot autonomy, and the ability to draw on state-of-the-art research in other disciplines-particularly recognition in computer vision and animal navigation in neuroscience-have all contributed to significant advances in visual place recognition systems. This paper presents a survey of the visual place recognition research landscape. We start by introducing the concepts behind place recognition-the role of place recognition in the animal kingdom, how a "place" is defined in a robotics context, and the major components of a place recognition system. Long-term robot operations have revealed that changing appearance can be a significant factor in visual place recognition failure; therefore, we discuss how place recognition solutions can implicitly or explicitly account for appearance change within the environment. Finally, we close with a discussion on the future of visual place recognition, in particular with respect to the rapid advances being made in the related fields of deep learning, semantic scene understanding, and video description.
Despite increasing interest in the human dimensions of green buildings, connections between green building design and place attachment have received little attention in the theoretical or empirical ...research. Place attachment is a well-established psychological theory with relevance to environments of varying form and function and could inform green building theory and practice. We therefore review relevant literature to explore the potential for place attachment to develop in, or interact with, occupants’ experiences of buildings designed with sustainability in mind. Specifically, we examine possible interrelations between green building design strategies and psychological processes of place attachment (i.e., affect, identity, and dependence) in non-residential buildings. We additionally consider the influential role of personal and cultural factors. In the process of making these theoretical connections, four key green design strategies emerged as most salient to supporting place attachment: 1) biophilic design and opportunities for connection to nature, 2) visible environmentalism, 3) opportunities for pro-environmental behaviors, and 4) indoor environmental quality that supports physiological comfort. These strategies already provide a range of social and ecological benefits, but may additionally -- by enhancing feelings of place attachment -- promote pro-environmental behaviors and general quality of life for occupants within green buildings. The work here seeks to catalyze future empirical research on place attachment processes in green buildings and inform increasingly human-centric approaches to green building design.
•Green buildings hold strong potential to support place attachment.•Four key green design strategies are identified that may foster person-place bonds.•Positive affect may be generated by buildings with biophilic design features.•Comfortable indoor environmental conditions may support place dependence.•Place identity may interact with visible sustainable design features.
This study investigates the influence of reverberation time and sound source composition on the sense of place. The experiments were conducted in the private lecturer offices located in the Faculty ...of Architecture, Çankaya University. The sense of place of 15 participants was tested in the original offices of each participant and eight additional acoustic auralisations, in which reverberation times and sound source compositions were modified. The analysis of the results revealed that there is a direct influence of reverberation time and sound source composition on the sense of place. It was observed that longer reverberation times partially enhanced the sense of place. Additionally, the sound source composition influenced the relation towards the place, and certain sound signals diminished the sense of place in the private offices. Furthermore, this study used a psychophysical scaling method (Absolute Magnitude Estimation scale AME) which indicated its validity and importance in investigating the effect of physical stimuli on the sense of place. The AME revealed the sense of place by directing the influence towards the place construct indicators rather than investigating the general relation towards the place. It was concluded that reverberation time and sound source compositions could enhance and/or diminish sense of place; hence, RT and sound source compositions can affect interpretation of and behavior towards a given place.
This study explores the relationships between place of residence, living in a threatened place and the subsets of place attachment: place identity and place dependence. Six hundred participants ...living in south-west Western Australia in rural and urban areas with varying degrees of bushfire risk responded to surveys asking about their reasons for living in their local area, their place attachment and their socio-demographic details. MANOVAs revealed a significant effect of place of residence on place identity with rural residents reporting higher place identity than urban dwellers. Urban dwellers reported lower place dependence than rural dwellers except when they lived in a fire prone area, in which case their place dependence was on par with that of rural residents. Socio-demographic predictors of both place identity and place dependence to the home and local area were also explored, these included length of residence, education, and owning one's home.
•Examined the effect of threat on place attachment in an Australian sample.•Measured two subsets of place attachment: place identity and place dependence.•Rural people reported higher place identity and place dependence than urbanites.•Living in a rural and/or bushfire prone area increased reported place dependence.•People have higher place attachment to their homes than their local areas.
This study examined the relationships between place attachment, the theory of planned behaviour and place-protective action. Place attachment was higher in people who evaluated place change as ...negative. However, only half of the people who thought change would be negative reported protesting. The theory of planned behaviour was found to predict protesting. People who had positive attitudes about the value of protesting, who thought that most people around them were protesting, and who had greater perceived behavioural control were more likely to protest. A follow-up study after the place-protective actions had been successful found that people who thought their actions had influenced decision making were more likely to intend to remain civically engaged. These results have implications for our understanding of civic behaviour and the roles attachment to place, attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control play in how people interpret and react to place change.
•People with stronger place attachment view place change as negative.•Attitudes, norms and perceived behavioural control predicted civic engagement.•Feelings of collective-efficacy correlated with plans to remain civically engaged.•Place attachment stable over one year.
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