Objective : to determine the impact of socio-demographic factors and characteristics of political and economic changes on corruption. Methods : the work uses the methods of comparative analysis, ...construction of conjugation tables, and the index method; the information base is the public opinion monitoring data in Vologda oblast, with 1,500 respondents filling in questionnaires at their place of residence. The sample is random and quota; representativeness is ensured by the proportions observed between the residents of settlements of different types, gender and age structure of the population; sampling error does not exceed 3 %. Results : manifestations of corruption have been the subject matter of scientific discourse for quite a long time, but the research approaches have been constantly expanding from the historical, legal, and economic points of view. The article considers corruption as a multidimensional phenomenon and analyzes it from the perspective of an integrative approach, which implies taking into account territorial aspects, socio-demographic factors, and the citizens’ perception of the political and economic situation in the country and in the region. The analysis of the assessment results of the public opinion about the corruption level in the region showed that the authorities and the health care system are the most susceptible to corruption. The assessment of the territorial prevalence of corruption showed that the corruption index values along the “center – periphery” line are higher in the regional center than in the districts. It was also revealed that differences in the socio-demographic characteristics insignificantly influence the perception of changes in the corruption level, unlike the perception of corruption depending on the economic and political situation in the region. Scientific novelty : Based on the analysis of the results of the corruption level monitoring in the region, it is shown that positive assessments of the political and economic situation are associated with an unchanged or decreased level of corruption perception. Hence, good and very good assessments of the economic situation were more often associated with a decrease in the corruption level last year. Practical significance : the identified links between corruption, socio-demographic, political and economic factors can serve as a basis for adjusting and improving anti-corruption policy at the regional and state level.
As Hegel claims in the phenomenology of the soul, subjectivity as the fate of the history of consciousness aims to show how the soul tries to establish a dialectical relationship between the ...objective and the subjective by becoming aware of itself and reconciling consciousness with self-awareness and to reconcile the two in the subjectivity found in absolute idealism. The main problem of this article is to show how and with what conceptual possibilities Hegel can overcome the one-sidedness of objective realism and subjective idealism by means of the subjectivity in the phenomenology of the soul. To answer this question, the author tries to explain the subjectivity in the book Phenomenology of the Spirit through the conceptual possibilities of consciousness, self-awareness, human society and political situation, and how to actualize the abstract absolute existing at the beginning of the history of consciousness through the mentioned concepts. show for this reason, it is explained that by bringing the absolute closer to the human community and creating an ontological dialectic between God and human "us", Hegel integrates the absolute into the political situation, and by integrating God into the political state, to reveal the absolute both to himself and to human "us" in philosophical knowledge and in this way establish a dialectical union between the realm of the subject and the realm of the object. In this article, the author has used the descriptive-analytical method to explain his position.
The article is devoted to hydrogen as a promising source for obtaining clean energy. Attention is paid to the development of hydrogen energy both in the world and separately in the Russian ...Federation. The accumulated international experience in the production of hydrogen fuel is considered. The article mentions various methods of extracting hydrogen for its use as a fuel. Water electrolysis is noted as a promising method of hydrogen production due to its environmental friendliness. Particular attention in this article is paid to the current situation in the world in the fuel and energy complex, namely, the introduction of hydrogen fuel. For this, all possible lines of hydrogen supply to friendly countries that could be potential allies of Russia in the hydrogen energy industry are considered.
Based on a newly discovered inventory, the article examines the early years of Francesco Leopoldo Cicognara’s book collection. Begun in 1798 as a suitable activity for a diplomat and as a cover for ...subversive contacts in Masonic circles, the collecting activity is described during the turbulent years between 1798 and 1804. Cicognara’s attitude and interests seem to have changed during these years, so that the focus shifted from purely bibliophilic interests to the content of the books themselves, turning the collection into a scholarly tool for research in art history.
Teachers shape secondary students' career development for social mobility with equal opportunities in a cohesive society. Concomitantly, young people have recently marched against socio-political ...challenges to the development of civil societies in different locations. A cross-case study of career education in different schools of a Chinese society was conducted to explore a paradoxical dilemma between teachers’ inclusive development of the education for every student and the missing social inclusion of the society in an adverse socio-political situation. Students should be prepared for the sense of social inclusion. Implications of the dilemma for cultivating a cohesive civil society are also discussed.
•A dilemma between inclusion in education and exclusion in society is identified.•Social cohesion is the theoretical lens used for unpacking the dilemma.•Teachers' inclusive development of CLP education by school type is explored.•Teachers design various whole-school and student centred CLP programmes.•The sense of inclusion is the link of social cohesion for social prosperity.
Researchers from Western countries and some Russian scientists initially enthusiastically classified anti-government protests and uprisings in the 2010s in a number of Arab countries in the Middle ...East and North Africa as «Arab Spring» or «Arab Awakening».
However, the consequences of these «springs» and «awakenings» in some countries of the abovementioned region caused less delight and more anxiety. Indeed, if Tunisia after its «Arab Spring» returned to stable development, in Egypt one general (Hosni Mubarak) was replaced by another (Abdul-Fattah al-Sisi), then in Yemen, and especially in Libya, as a consequence of the «Arab awakenings» civil wars occurred, that are still ongoing, and threaten the complete disintegration of the above-mentioned countries.
Based on the above, it is quite obvious that the analysis of the causes, the content of the main stages and consequences of the evolution of the internal political situation in Libya after the overthrow of the regime of M. Gaddafi in October 2011 is not only an urgent scientific, but also a political task. The purpose of the article is to analyze the reasons for the destabilization of the internal political situation in Libya since October 2011, the content of its key stages and consequences. When writing the text of the article, the following scientific methods were used: problem-chronological, comparativehistorical, periodization method, historical-genetic, historical-retrospective, etc. The development of the internal political situation in Libya since October 2011 has led the Libyan state to total disintegration. The Libyan statehood, which until October 2011 was not particularly strong and stable, is confidently drifting towards fragmentation and autonomy within not only individual regions, but even individual cities.
The relevance of researching the perception of socio-economic and political processes in the country by the youth is driven by a social demand to understand the readiness of young people to ...participate in the country’s economic development, its political life, acceptable forms of migration and civic behaviour, and the level of protest potential. The aim of this article is to identify the interconnection of trends in evaluations by student youth regarding the socio-economic and socio-political situation with characteristics such as dependence on socio-psychological well-being, financial status, trust levels in political institutions and the political course, migration and protest attitudes. The empirical basis of the analysis comprises data from studies conducted among student youth of the Southern region of Russia from 2017 to 2022 by the Southern Russian branch of the FCTAS RAS. The analysis revealed the ambivalence of the state of public consciousness among student youth, both in their assessment of the socio-economic situation and the socio-political position in the country. Despite students’ uncertain future perceptions, their migration attitudes have hardly changed compared to 2017, aligning with nationwide tendencies. It was established that the student youth of the Southern region of Russia does not display significant interest in politics (similar to the broader Russian population), yet concurrently expresses a higher level of personalised trust in the President of Russia and the military, more so than in the overall political direction of the authorities. Ideas of social justice, freedom of speech, and expressing political stance resonate with students from the Southern region of Russia, as well as fostering friendly relations with the West. A trend was identified over the last 5 years of reduced ratings in the ability to express political views while having a high level of legal consciousness, alongside a growth in the acceptability of unlawful forms of protest due to increasing distrust in the government and its political course.
Strategic Survey 2022: The Annual Assessment of Geopolitics provides objective, in-depth analysis of the events that have shaped relations between major powers, region by region, over the past year, ...and highlights the pressing geopolitical and geo-economic challenges that will shape the international agenda in 2023. It features essays on global issues such as Russia's war in Ukraine, the arms race in space and the deepening US-China rivalry, as well as in-depth analysis of the major themes shaping each continent. Specially commissioned maps and graphics illustrate major arguments, and multi-source data illuminates longer-term trends in power relations.
Background and Aim of Study: The article deals with the process of formation of the outstanding scientist V. I. Vernadsky’s personality. The aim of the study: to research the main factors of the ...environment that influenced the development of V. I. Vernadsky’s personality in his childhood and adolescence. Material and Methods: Theoretical and biographical methods have been used in the article. The preconditions for the formation of the outstanding scientist’s personality have been analysed. The research focus is on the writer’s environment. Attention has been paid to the macro environment of Volodymyr Ivanovych as the intellectual network of the Vernadsky family. Results: The analysis of social, political and economic problems of society which influenced the formation of the outstanding scientist’s personality and his views has been presented. The influence of the main institutions on V.I. Vernadsky’s development has been analysed. The research focus is on the scientist’s family environment. Attention is paid to Vernadsky’s microenvironment. The educational conditions that can be effective in the formation of a personality’s scientific thinking have been analysed. As a result, the main factors affecting the personality’s development during university studies have been found out. The factors that influenced the formation of scientific talent in Vernadsky’s ordinary life have been studied. It has been revealed that the formation of a worldview mainly depends on general behavioural factors and rules that exist in a society or a group of people where a personality grows. Conclusions: The main macro-factors that influenced the development of the outstanding scientist’s personality were the following: a noble origin; the intellectual network of the Vernadsky family; the influence of prominent scientists who taught at university; social activity of the advanced part of society. So, micro and macro environments are an important factor in the conditions of which an individual develops.
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