A long-dominant reading of American politics holds that public policy in the United States is easily captured by special interest groups. Countering this view, Adam Sheingate traces the development ...of government intervention in agriculture from its nineteenth-century origins to contemporary struggles over farm subsidies. His considered conclusion is that American institutions have not given agricultural interest groups any particular advantages in the policy process, in part because opposing lobbies also enjoy access to policymakers. In fact, the high degree of conflict and pluralism maintained by American institutions made possible substantial retrenchment of the agricultural welfare state during the 1980s and 1990s. In Japan and France--two countries with markedly different institutional characters than the United States-- powerful agricultural interests and a historically close relationship between farmers, bureaucrats, and politicians continue to preclude a roll-back of farm subsidies.This well-crafted study not only puts a new spin on agricultural policy, but also makes a strong case for the broader claim that the relatively decentralized American political system is actually less prone to capture and rule by subgovernments than the more centralized political systems found in France and Japan. Sheingate's historical, comparative approach also demonstrates, in a widely useful way, how past institutional developments shape current policies and options.
From a Nobel Prize–winning pioneer in environmental economics, an innovative account of how and why "green thinking" could cure many of the world's most serious problems—from global warming to ...pandemics Solving the world's biggest problems—from climate catastrophe and pandemics to wildfires and corporate malfeasance—requires, more than anything else, coming up with new ways to manage the powerful interactions that surround us. For carbon emissions and other environmental damage, this means ensuring that those responsible pay their full costs rather than continuing to pass them along to others, including future generations. In The Spirit of Green, Nobel Prize–winning economist William Nordhaus describes a new way of green thinking that would help us overcome our biggest challenges without sacrificing economic prosperity, in large part by accounting for the spillover costs of economic collisions.In a discussion that ranges from the history of the environmental movement to the Green New Deal, Nordhaus explains how the spirit of green thinking provides a compelling and hopeful new perspective on modern life. At the heart of green thinking is a recognition that the globalized world is shaped not by isolated individuals but rather by innumerable interactions inside and outside the economy. He shows how rethinking economic efficiency, sustainability, politics, profits, taxes, individual ethics, corporate social responsibility, finance, and more would improve the effectiveness and equity of our society. And he offers specific solutions—on how to price carbon, how to pursue low-carbon technologies, how to design an efficient tax system, and how to foster international cooperation through climate clubs.The result is a groundbreaking new vision of how we can have our environment and our economy too.
Exhibiting Europe in museums Kaiser, Wolfram; Poehls, Kerstin; Krankenhagen, Stefan
2014., 20140415, 2014, 2014-05-01, Letnik:
6
eBook
Museums of history and contemporary culture face many challenges in the modern age. One is how to react to processes of Europeanization and globalization, which require more cross-border cooperation ...and different ways of telling stories for visitors. This book investigates how museums exhibit Europe. Based on research in nearly 100 museums across the Continent and interviews with cultural policy makers and museum curators, it studies the growing transnational activities of state institutions, societal organizations, and people in the museum field such as attempts to Europeanize collection policy and collections as well as different strategies for making narratives more transnational like telling stories of European integration as shared history and discussing both inward and outward migration as a common experience and challenge. The book thus provides fascinating insights into a fast-changing museum landscape in Europe with wider implications for cultural policy and museums in other world regions.
Rad predstavlja sintezu iskustava populacione politike u svetu u dvadesetom veku. Prezentirane su mortalitetna politika, politika prema fertilitetu, politika prema starima i migratorna politika. ...Program akcije usvojen na kairskoj konferenciji posmatran je u kontekstu novih pristupa populacionoj politici. Politici u oblasti fertiliteta stanovništva je posvećen najveći deo ovog priloga, pre svega, zbog toga što je ona u najvećoj meri demografska politika i politika sa najviše nedoumica. Specifičnost problema rađanja u Srbiji uslovila je obuhvat iskustava razvijenih i nerazvijenih zemalja. Dat je što konkretniji izraz principa, ciljeva i mera. Obrađeno je i pitanje efikasnosti odnosno razlozi izostavljanja željenih efekata. Analiza je pokazala da osobine i rezultati dosadašnje politike u oblasti fertiliteta stanovništva i mere koje se predlažu za sledeće decenije otkrivaju krupne probleme koji se gotovo graniče sa nemoći i u razvijenim zemljama i u zemljama u razvoju, za razliku od mortalitetne i migratorne politike i političkog odgovora na starenje populacije. Pored nesumnjivog napretka u kvalitativnom smislu - rasprostranjenost, postavljena načela, principi i ciljevi, izgrađen institucionalni okvir - natalitetna politika nije dovoljno efikasna da reši populacioni problem. Akcije u prilog rađanja odnosno njegovog ograničavanja moraju biti intenzivnije, celovitije i istraživačke. Ekonomski razvoj koji bi respektovao demografski faktor u svetu koji se razvija i populaciona edukacija u razvijenom svetu se nameću kao mogući novi pravci politike. Međutim, veliki i možda najsloženiji problem koji populaciona politika treba da savlada nalazi se u sferi svesti - državnoj, političkoj, društvenoj i individualnoj.
U radu se istražuje utjecaj monetarne i fiskalne politike na industrijsku
proizvodnju u Republici Hrvatskoj. Brojna inozemna i domaća istraživanja nastojala su
procijeniti ovaj odnos s ciljem ...pružanja preporuke nositeljima ekonomske politike.
Koristeći panel model, ispituje se kako relativne proizvođačke cijene, državna potrošnja,
osobna potrošnja, kamatne stope, realni efektivni tečaj, te strana potražnja utječu na 23
komponente industrijske proizvodnje prema stupnju tehnološkog intenziteta. Analiza je
provedena na tromjesečnim podacima za razdoblje od prvoga tromjesečja 2000. do
posljednjeg tromjesečja 2015. godine. Provedena je i analiza utjecaja monetarne i
fiskalne politike na industrijsku proizvodnju za razdoblje prije i nakon nastupanja
gospodarske krize u Republici Hrvatskoj. Rezultati empirijskog dijela istraživanja u
skladu su s domaćom i stranom literaturom te je pronađena statistički signifikantna veza
utjecaja monetarne i fiskalne politike na industrijsku proizvodnju.
When taxes are introduced on carbon and energy, and the revenue is used to reduce other taxes, will a positive effect be achieved both for the environment and for the economy? In 1990, Finland was ...the first country that introduced a tax on CO2. Later, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Slovenia, Germany, and the UK followed suit with tax reforms that shifted taxation from labour to carbon and energy. Over the years, CO2 and energy taxes have gradually been raised, so that in Europe taxes of more than 25 billion EUR a year have been shifted. In this book, these experiences with carbon‐energy taxation, along with tax‐shifting programmes lowering other taxes, are examined in detail. Availability of unique and original data, including sector‐specific energy prices and taxes, as well as the use of advanced statistical techniques, such as co‐integration analysis and panel‐regression techniques along with the time‐series‐estimated macro‐economic model – Energy–Environment–Economy model for Europe (E3ME), makes this analysis truly comprehensive. Results of the analysis show that even though the taxes implemented have been relatively modest, they have, in the countries examined, contributed to a reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gases of up to 7 per cent, while for five of the countries a small increase in economic activity is recorded as a result of the tax‐shifting, with other impacts separated out. Due to concerns for competitiveness, the largest industrial emitters of greenhouse gases within Europe continue to benefit from exemptions from the carbon‐energy taxation schemes, as outside Europe there are major emitters without any economic penalties attached to greenhouse gas emissions. On basis of the lessons from carbon‐energy taxation learned in Europe, the editors of the book indicate how carbon‐energy taxation could usefully be combined with emissions trading, and they discuss how the recommendations from IPCC for a gradually escalating carbon price could be accomplished while preventing carbon leakage.
Avtor v prispevku obravnava pošiljanje prihrankov avstro-ogrskih in slovenskih izseljencev v domovino v obdobju od velikih migracij v devetdesetih letih 19. stoletja do prve svetovne vojne. Na ...podlagi statističnih podatkov finančnega ministrstva in ekspertnih študij predstavi obseg in dinamiko izseljenskih denarnih tokov iz tujine ter oceno deleža, ki je prihajal na Kranjsko. V drugem delu predstavi sisteme pošiljanja denarnih sredstev ter težave in izgube, do katerih je prihajalo zaradi organizacijskih neusklajenosti, tehničnih zagat in namenskih goljufij raznih gospodarskih osebkov, ki so bili soudeleženi pri poslu.
V prispevku sta obravnavani ljudska in narodnozabavna glasba z vidika razvoja njunih simbolnih pomenov za ožjo in širšo skupnost. V središču opazovanja glasbenih zvrsti, ki v sebi združujeta številne ...dihotomije, je prav migriranje oz. prehajanje pomenov, moralnih in estetskih vrednot iz enega obdobja v drugega, iz ene skupnosti v drugo ali iz enega družbenega sloja v drugega. Če je v 20. stoletju ljudska glasba predstavljala eno ključnih narodnoreprezentativnih vsebin, pa je v zadnjih desetletjih ta vloga poleg nje začela pripadati tudi narodnozabavni glasbi, saj je slednjo v svojo agendo začela sprejemati državna politika in jo s tem legitimirala kot nacionalnoreprezentativni simbol.
PDF
