In a paper the results of insecticidal activity of two known insecticides (deltamethrin and imidacloprid), thujone and essential oil of rosemary against the larvae and adults of sycamore lace bug ...(Corythucha ciliata) are presented. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory, under room conditions. We tested the activity of each product in three different concentrations. The most desirable insecticidal activity had deltamethrin, which caused almost 100 % mortality of both developmental stages of the pest at all three concentrations. Succeeding products were imidacloprid, which caused 89.6 % larval mortality at recommended concentration, and essential oil of rosemary, which caused 81.7 % adult mortality at 1 % concentration. Larvae of sycamore lace bug were significantly more susceptible to tested products than adults. Significantly the lowest mortality was determined one day after treatment (41.7 %), while the highest mortality was stated three days after treatment (71.3 %). For future reduction of the damage caused by the studied pest on plane trees, we recommend the application of thujone and essential oil of rosemary, which appeared to be environmentally more acceptable substances. In our study both agents showed a middle satisfying activity in controlling larvae and adults, but they have also obvious repellent activity, which leads to their better efficacy in the open.
V prispevku so predstavljeni rezultati insekticidnega delovanja dveh znanih insekticidov (deltametrin in imidakloprid), tujona in eteričnega olja rožmarina na ličinke in odrasle osebke platanove čipkarke (Corythucha ciliata). Poskus je bil opravljen v laboratoriju, v sobnih razmerah. Učinkovitost vsakega od pripravkov smo ugotavljali pri treh različnih koncentracijah. Najboljše insekticidno delovanje je imel deltametrin, ki je pri vseh koncentracijah povzročil skoraj 100 % smrtnost obeh razvojnih stadijev škodljivca. Sledi mu imidakloprid, ki je pri priporočeni koncentraciji povzročil 89,6 % smrtnost ličink in eterično olje rožmarina, ki je pri 1 % koncentraciji povzročilo 81,7 % smrtnost odraslih osebkov. Ličinke platanove čipkarke so bile signifikantno bolj občutljive na preizkušane pripravke kot odrasli osebki. Signifikantno najmanjšo smrtnost smo ugotovili prvi dan po tretiranju (41,7 %), največjo pa tretji dan po tretiranju (71,3 %). Za prihodnje zmanjševanje škodljivosti preučevane žuželke na platanah pa priporočamo uporabo tujona in eteričnega olja rožmarina, ki sta okoljsko sprejemljivejši snovi. Obe sta v našem poskusu pokazali srednje zadovoljivo delovanje na ličinke in odrasle osebke, a imata tudi dokazano repelentno delovanje, s čimer lahko na prostem pričakujemo njuno boljšo učinkovitost.
GNSS-instrumente (angl. Global Navigation Satellite System) uvrščamo med standardno terensko geodetsko mersko opremo (poleg elektronskih tahimetrov in nivelirjev), ki jo lahko uporabljamo za ...vzpostavitevgeodetskih mrež in za detajlno izmero. Podobno kot pri drugih geodetskih instrumentih moramo tudi pri GNSS-instrumentih pred izmero ovrednotiti parametre kakovosti instrumentarija oziroma metodeizmere, ki jih pridobimo s postopki laboratorijske kalibracije in/ali s terenskim preizkušanjem. Tako pridobimo podatek o ustreznosti navedenih tehničnih značilnostih proizvajalca in ovrednotimo primernost uporabe GNSS-instrumentov za konkretne potrebe.Mednarodna organizacija za standarde ISO (angl. International Organization of Standardization) je v okviru tehnične skupine 172 in podskupine 6 (ISO/ TC 172/SC 6) v letu 2007 predstavila postopkepreizkušanja GNSS-merskega instrumentarija za določanje položaja v realnem času, ki temeljijo na oceni kakovosti delovanja strojne in programske opreme posameznega instrumenta. Preizkus lahko opravimo kjerkoli na terenu, kjer so zagotovljeni primerni pogoji za izvedbo GNSS-opazovanj predvsem s stališča čim manjših vplivov na opazovanja zizvorom v okolici. Preizkus tudi ne zahteva dodatnega programskega orodja za obdelavo podatkov meritev, saj je statistično vrednotenje rezultatov opazovanj dokaj enostavno. V prispevku opisujemo teoretične podlage preizkusa GNSS-instrumentov po navodilih standardaISO 17123-8, ki jih uporabimo za praktični preizkus GNSS-instrumenta. ; GNSS-instruments (Global Navigation Satellite System) are the standard field surveying equipment (in addition to tachymeter and levels) for geodetic network establishment and detail surveying. As inthe case of other geodetic instruments, it is essential to pre-analyse GNSS-receiver quality parameters, obtained from laboratory calibration and/or field testing of the specific nstrument and/or measuring method. Thus, the relevance of the results, as indicated by manufacturer, is obtained that may explain the suitability of a specific GNSS-instrument for field measurements. In 2007, the International Organization of Standardization (ISO), Technical Committee 172, Subcommittee 6 (ISO/TC 172/ SC6), presented a comprehensive GNSS field testing procedures for real time measurements, based on statistical evaluation and verification of themanufacturer’s hardware and firmware. The test can be performed anywhere on the field assuming that the test area includes minimal potential influences to GNSS measurements. At the same time, a test does not require any additional processing software, because the test data evaluation is based on elementary statistics. This paper presents the theoretical basis of GNSS instrument testing in accordance with the ISO 17123-8 guidelines and further examination of specific measurements on the selected site.
PDF
