Automation in flow cytometry has recently advanced from the partial laboratory automation and robotics islets, to more fully integrated systems. This article reviews three manufacturers' newest ...sample preparation systems: the Beckman CellMek, the Sysmex PS-10, and the BD FACSDuet. These three instruments are capable of performing many of the manual steps in flow cytometry sample processing (pipetting, staining, lysing, washing, fixing). General description, capabilities, advantages, and disadvantages of each system are compared. Overall, these systems have the potential to become mainstay items in today's busy clinical flow cytometry laboratories, and save a significant amount of hands-on time for laboratory staff.
Fossil bones and teeth usually are very common archeological findings. At many sites these remains, such as bones bearing cut marks, may provide unequivocal evidence for human occupation. Hence bones ...and teeth provide the ideal targets for directly dating of archeological levels. Combined ESR/U-series dating of fossil teeth has been increasingly used in geochronological research over the past three decades. Results prove that it can be potentially applied to the sites in different geological contexts (fluvial/lacustrine or karstic environments) over a timescale of 304-206 years. But to perform this dating method, there’s a step that we need to prepare and do. This article try to explain the procedure how we prepare teeth step by step until it’s ready to be measure.
Background:Preparation depth of laminate veneers are essential in retention and structural integrity of restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference between a trained ...professional prosthodontist (PP) and a postgraduate prosthodontics student (PPS) in the preparation depth of laminate veneers by scanning the tooth with a 3D scanner before and after the preparation. Methods: Twenty extracted human maxillary central incisors were evaluated by a PP and PPS. A 0.5 mm depth guide bur was used in for facial reduction and a 1 mm incisal reduction was performed with a deep chamfer. The teeth were scanned with a laser scanner at an accuracy of 10 µm.The teeth were separated into 3 parts (incisal, middle and cervical) and then 5 points were randomly selected on the unprepared tooth and then lapped over when the preparation had been completed. The data of the difference was calculated in 3D scanning software Magics (Materialise NV, Belgium).Statistical analysis were performed with one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05).Results: PP results showed mean values in the Incisal of 0.328+0.045 mm, Middle of 0.375+0.097 mm and Cervical of 0.471+0.07 mm. PPS results showed mean values in the Incisal of 0.323+0.056 mm, Middle results of 0.403+0.083 mm and Cervical results of 0.462+0.075 mm.Conclusion: These results suggest that a PP or a PPS can both achieve the same precision in there preparation using a depth guide bur. Key Words: Ceramic laminate veneer preperation, 3D scanning, depth guide bur.
Giriş: Lamina veneer restorasyonlarında preparasyon derinliği, yapısal sağlamlığın ve tutuculuğun sağlanmasında temel faktörlerin başında gelir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, deneyimli bir prostodontist (PP) ve yüksek lisans protodonti öğrencisinin (PPS) lamina preparasyon derinliklerinin, preparasyon öncesinde ve sonrasında 3B tarayıcı ile farklılıklarının değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve yöntemler:PP ve PPS 20 adet çekilmiş insan maksiller santral kesiciyi değerlendirmiştir. Fasiyel preparasyon için 0,5 mm’lik derinlik rehberli frez kullanılmıştır. İnsizal preparasyon için ise 1 mm’lik champher frez kullanılmıştır. Dişler, 10 µm hassasiyetinde lazer tarayıcı ile taranmıştır. Dişler 3 kısıma (insizal, orta ve servikal) bölünmüş ve 5 noktadan incelenmiştir. Preparasyon yapılmamış ve yapılmış dişler üst üste çakıştırılarak Magics (Materialise NV, Belgium) 3B tarama yazılımında aralarındaki farklar incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz tek yünlü ANOVA ile yapılmıştır (p < 0.05).Bulgular: PP sonuçları ortalama insizalde 0.328+0.045 mm, ortada 0.375+0.097 mm, servikalde ise 0.471+0.07 mm olurken, PPS sonuçları ortalama insizalde 0.323+0.056 mm, ortada 0.403+0.083 mm ve servikalde 0.462+0.075 mm olarak bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar, derinlik belirleyici frez kullanıldığında PP ve PPSbenzer preparasyon hassasiyet gösterdiğini belirtmektedir.Anahtar kelimeler: Seramik lamina veneer preparasyonu, 3B tarama, derinlik belirleyici frez
For the control of fruits during transport ethylene gas, which is a ripening indicator, has to be measured selectively with a resolution of 50 ppbv. This is done with a micro gas chromatograph, using ...a chromatographic column made by 3D printing, a micromachined preconcentrator and a SnO2 gas sensor. First we present measurements of ethylene gas in synthetic air with 400 ppbv and 35 ppbv concentration, then we measure ethylene in air from bananas ripening in a storage box at a level of 306 ppbv. The resolution of the system is determined to be 12 ppbv.
Purpose
To compare the efficacy of gradient and swim-up semen preparation techniques on pregnancy rates in couples undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles with low dose gonadotropin ...stimulation with the diagnosis of unexplained or mild male subfertility.
Methods
Two hundred and twenty three couples were randomized into swim up or gradient technique groups for sperm preperation. The clinical and on going pregnancy rates per cycle and per patient were evaluated.
Results
Both clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates per cycle were significantly higher in the “gradient” group (19 % and 16.9 %) in comparision with the “swim up” group (9.7 % and 6.9 %) (
p
< 0.05). Clinical pregnancy and on-going pregnancy rates per patient were higher in the “gradient” group (26.1 % and 23.4 %) when compared to the “swim up” group (15.2 % and 10.7 %), (
p
< 0.05). In the subgroup of 191 unexplained subfertile couples with 290 cycles; the “gradient” group also revealed significantly higher clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates per cycle (21.6 % and 17.9 %) when compared with the “swim up” group (10.3 % and 7.1 %) (
p
< 0.05). In total of 48 treatment cycles upon 32 couples with mild male factor subfertility no significant difference were found between the two sperm preparation techniques in terms of clinical (% 5.3 vs %6.9,
p
> 0.05) and ongoing (% 5.3 vs %6.9,
p
> 0.05) pregnancy rates per cycle.
Conclusion
The gradient technique significantly improves clinical outcome in IUI cycles of unexplained subfertile couples when compared to swim up technique. In male subfertile patients, both techniques yield similar clinical outcomes.
...in the present study we aim to compare the effect of three rotary file systems (Vortex Blue, VTaper, ProTaper,) with dissimilar tapers on fracture resistance of root canal treated teeth by various ...static and dynamic forces applied to different parts of the coronal part of teeth. (10) Hence in our study we used FEA (Finite Element Analysis) to gain a better understanding of the effects of the cleaning and shaping process through endodontic treatment. In all experimental groups, tensile stress was concentrated on the palatal side of the palatal root and the distal portion of the distobuccal root in the cross sections at the level of CEJ and the pulp chamber floor (Figure 13-14). ...it is challenging for the dentist to identify and diagnose these fractures.
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