Capsule: Neighbourhood greenness may benefit mental health by decreasing air pollution.
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•NDVI and streetscape greenery (SVG) were used to assess greenness exposure, and trees ...(SVG-tree) and grasses (SVG-grass) were distinguished.•Both objective (PM2.5 and NO2) and subjective (perceived air pollution) measures were used to quantify air pollution exposure.•NDVI, SVG-tree and SVG-grass were positively associated with psychological well-being.•The SVG-mental health association was mediated by ambient PM2.5, NO2 and perceived air pollution in parallel mediation models.•The SVG-mental health association was mediated by ambient PM2.5-perceived air pollution and NO2-perceived air pollution in serial mediation models.•Neither measures of air pollution mediated the association between NDVI and psychological well-being.
China’s rapid urbanization has led to an increasing level of exposure to air pollution and a decreasing level of exposure to vegetation among urban populations. Both trends may pose threats to psychological well-being. Previous studies on the interrelationships among greenness, air pollution and psychological well-being rely on exposure measures from remote sensing data, which may fail to accurately capture how people perceive vegetation on the ground. To address this research gap, this study aimed to explore relationships among neighbourhood greenness, air pollution exposure and psychological well-being, using survey data on 1029 adults residing in 35 neighbourhoods in Guangzhou, China. We used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and streetscape greenery (SVG) to assess greenery exposure at the neighbourhood level, and we distinguished between trees (SVG-tree) and grasses (SVG-grass) when generating streetscape greenery exposure metrics. We used two objective (PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations) measures and one subjective (perceived air pollution) measure to quantify air pollution exposure. We quantified psychological well-being using the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Results from multilevel structural equation models (SEM) showed that, for parallel mediation models, while the association between SVG-grass and psychological well-being was completely mediated by perceived air pollution and NO2, the relationship between SVG-tree and psychological well-being was completely mediated by ambient PM2.5, NO2 and perceived air pollution. None of three air pollution indicators mediated the association between psychological well-being and NDVI. For serial mediation models, measures of air pollution did not mediate the relationship between NDVI and psychological well-being. While the linkage between SVG-grass and psychological well-being scores was partially mediated by NO2-perceived air pollution, SVG-tree was partially mediated by both ambient PM2.5-perceived air pollution and NO2-perceived air pollution. Our results suggest that street trees may be more related to lower air pollution levels and better mental health than grasses are.
El objetivo de este estudio es comprobar la relación entre las variables de Dependencia del Ejercicio, medida con la Escala de Dependencia del Ejercicio (EDS-R) de Downs et al. (2004), y el Bienestar ...Psicológico evaluado con la escala de Ryff (1989) y su posible efecto diferencial en función del sexo y la edad. Se contó con una muestra de 316 runners (170 hombres y 146 mujeres), con una media de edad de 38.4 años (DT = 9.8). Los resultados muestran una correlación negativa entre la Dependencia del ejercicio (factores abstinencia, continuación y reducción de la actividad) y el Bienestar Psicológico. Además, las mujeres obtienen una puntuación mayor en Bienestar Psicológico y abstinencia (EDS-R) que los hombres. Los factores de Dependencia del Ejercicio (+tolerancia, -reducción de la actividad, +tiempo empleado y -efectos deseados) representan el 13.9% de la varianza explicada del Bienestar Psicológico. La edad también es un factor relevante, cuanta más edad se tiene mayor es el efecto negativo de la dependencia. Se concluye que cuando la práctica deportiva sobrepasa una intensidad y se hace adictiva, genera un efecto negativo sobre el bienestar, siendo especialmente relevante este efecto en el caso de los hombres, y cuanto más mayores más riesgo.
Introducción: El estrés académico es una experiencia común entre los estudiantes universitarios y a menudo resulta de la presión y las demandas asociadas con la vida académica. Este tipo de estrés ...puede surgir debido a exámenes, trabajos, plazos de entrega, la competencia con los compañeros y la incertidumbre sobre el futuro. Objetivo: Determinar si el estrés académico se relaciona con el cansancio emocional de los estudiantes de la carrera profesional de educación de una universidad pública peruana.
Método: Se efectúo un estudio cuantitativo correlacional-transversal y un muestreo aleatorio simple. La muestra fue de 83 cuidadores de niños con alguna condición de desarrollo o discapacidad, ...quienes cumplimentaron la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico de Ryff, la escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido (MSPSS) y el cuestionario de Sobrecarga del Cuidador de Zarit. Conclusión: El grado de apoyo social informal que perciben los cuidadores de hijos con discapacidad permite lograr un óptimo bienestar psicológico ya que determina la existencia o no de sobrecarga. Algunas variables sociodemográficas parecen influir en la experiencia de estos cuidadores.
Objetivo: Determinar si existe relación entre las medidas de afrontamiento, nivel de actividad física y el bienestar de personas mayores con deterioro cognitivo leve frente a las personas sin ...deterioro cognitivo en situación de pandemia por COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio transversal que incluyó a 65 personas mayores que viven en la comunidad de Arica. Su rendimiento cognitivo fue evaluado con la evaluación cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA), sus estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés se midieron con el Inventario Multidimensional de Estimación del Afrontamiento (COPE -28), sus niveles de actividad física con el cuestionario internacional de actividad física (IPAQ), y su bienestar mediante el cuestionario de salud general GHQ12. Resultados: cuatro variables se comportaron de manera significativa como predictores de bajo bienestar: tener sexo femenino (B=-1,833; p=0,0495); edad cercana a los 60 años (B=-0,175; p=0,0305); usar bloqueo del afrontamiento al estrés (B=0,706; p=0); y usar menos Afrontamiento cognitivo (B=-0,436; p=0,001). Además, existió una significativa relación entre bajo bienestar y menor cantidad de METS en el grupo de actividad física moderada (p 0,022). Conclusión: La mayor prevalencia de bajo bienestar se observó en participantes con menor actividad física, género femenino y que utilizan el bloqueo de afrontamiento como estrategia a periodos de estrés. Estos resultados indican que es vital asegurar que las personas mayores permanezcan activas, y mantengan adecuadas medidas de afrontamiento, para ser más resilientes durante una crisis.
The study aims to reveal the predictive ability of humor styles of psychological well-being among universities students. The study sample consisted of 750 students (225 males and 525 females). They ...were chosen by a convenient sampling technique. Students were enrolled in second and summer semesters for the academic year (2018\2019), To achieve the aims of the study; a humor styles scale was developed by Martin and his colleagues (2003), and a psychological well-being scale developed by Ryff and Keyes (1995) were used. The results revealed astafistically significant differences in humor styles attributed to sex in favor of females in the style of affiliative humor, and in humor self- enhancing in favor of males with aggressive humor and self-defeating humor styles. Moreover, the results showed that the level of psychological well-being for universitiy students was average on the total scale. More results and consequences are discussed in the paper.
The purposes of the current study were. -1) to study factors in fluencing the psychological well-being of flight attendants, working with low-cost airlines during the Covid-19 epidemic, and 2) to ...predict the psychological well-being of flight attendants, from the influenced factors. The current study used an online questionnaire as an instrument for collecting data from 317 flight attendants of low-cost airlines. The sample was selected by using snowball and convenience sampling. The statistic used for analyzing data was multiple linear regression. The findings showed that gender, environmental perceptions, and organizational management had an effect on psychological well-being of flight attendants. They showed that females had statistically significant higher levels of psychological well-being than did males. The environmental perceptions factor was found to have a significant negative relationship, while the organizational management factor was found to have a positive significant relationship with psychological well-being. The results may lead to providing guidelines for changing air transportation service of Low-cost airlines during the Covid-19 epidemic.
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