La République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) en proie aux guerres, s’engage dans un processus de réforme de ses services de sécurité en général et à celui de l’armée en particulier. Cependant, en dépit ...des efforts déployés, cette réforme a du mal à aboutir et à produire des effets probants, à cause des plusieurs facteurs liés aux enjeux, aux acteurs, aux moyens ainsi qu’à des zones d’incertitude. Cette étude démontre comment pour aboutir à une réforme efficiente et efficace de l’armée en RDC, il est une nécessité d’élaborer un document dénommé Livre blanc de la défense et de la sécurité dans lequel seront exprimés les ambitions, les besoins et les fonctions à accomplir au regard des enjeux de l’ère, sur le plan de défense et de sécurité, dont la matérialisation des piliers exige la promulgation d’une « loi de programmation militaire ». Celle-ci fixe la programmation pluriannuelle des dépenses de l’Etat en matière des dépenses militaires tout en se basant sur les objectifs de la politique de défense et les moyens financiers.
The election of Evo Morales as Bolivia's president in 2005 made him the first indigenous head of state in the Americas, a watershed victory for social activists and Native peoples.El Movimiento Sin ...Tierra(MST), or the Landless Peasant Movement, played a significant role in bringing Morales to power. Following in the tradition of the well-known Brazilian Landless movement, Bolivia's MST activists seized unproductive land and built farming collectives as a means of resistance to large-scale export-oriented agriculture. InMobilizing Bolivia's Displaced, Nicole Fabricant illustrates how landless peasants politicized indigeneity to shape grassroots land politics, reform the state, and secure human and cultural rights for Native peoples.Fabricant takes readers into the personal spaces of home and work, on long bus rides, and into meetings and newly built MST settlements to show how, in response to displacement, Indigenous identity is becoming ever more dynamic and adaptive. In addition to advancing this rich definition of indigeneity, she explores the ways in which Morales has found himself at odds with Indigenous activists and, in so doing, shows that Indigenous people have a far more complex relationship to Morales than is generally understood.
Une réforme digne de ce nom n’a pour objectif que d’apporter des réponses adéquates aux aspirations sociales de la population concernée en s’abstenant à des considérations simplistes, car la vie de ...la famille et du mariage est largement régie par les règles coutumières, morales, sociales, etc. En effet, une réforme qui ne correspondrait pas aux réalités sociales ne serait qu’un décor de théâtre d’une pièce qui se jouerait selon d’autres règles. Certes, le législateur de la loi n°16/008 du 15 juillet 2016 modifiant et complétant la loi n°87-010 du 1er août 1987 portant code de la famille a théoriquement supprimé l’autorisation maritale exigée à la femme mariée pour tous les actes juridiques à accomplir par cette dernière et imposé en lieu et place l’accord mutuel de deux époux pour tous les actes juridiques dans lesquels ils s’obligent individuellement ou collectivement ; il consacre aussi le principe de la cogestion du ménage par ces derniers. Dans la pratique, ces éléments de réforme ont difficile à trouver échos favorables au regard des mœurs, coutumes et réalités congolaises du mariage et de la famille. La meilleure réforme devrait se faire précéder des enquêtes de terrain en vue de concilier la théorie à la réalité. Agir autrement équivaudrait à mettre à la disposition de la communauté une œuvre constamment vouée à l’échec.
Transforming Ourselves, Transforming the World is an insightful collection that articulates how Jesuit colleges and universities create an educational community energized to transform the lives of ...its students, faculty, and administrators and to equip them to transform a broken world. The essays are rooted in Pedro Arrupe's ideal of forming men and women for others and inspired by Peter-Hans Kolvenbach's October 2000 address at Santa Clara in which he identified three areas where the promotion of justice may be manifested in our institutions: formation and learning, research and teaching, and our way of proceeding. Using the three areas laid out in Fr. Kolvenbach's address as its organizing structure, this stimulating volume addresses the following challenges: How do we promote student life experiences and service? How does interdisciplinary collaborative research promote teaching and reflection? How do our institutions exemplify justice in their daily practices? Introductory pieces by internationally acclaimed authors such as Rev. Dean Brackley, S.J.; David J. O'Brien; Lisa Sowle Cahill; and Rev. Stephen A. Privett, S.J., pave the way for a range of smart and highly creative essays that illustrate and honor the scholarship, teaching, and service that have developed out of a commitment to the ideals of Jesuit higher education. The topics covered span disciplines and fields from the arts to engineering, from nursing to political science and law. The essays offer numerous examples of engaged pedagogy, which as Rev. Brackley points out fits squarely with Jesuit pedagogy: insertion programs, community-based learning, study abroad, internships, clinical placements, and other forms of interacting with the poor and with cultures other than our own. This book not only illustrates the dynamic growth of Jesuit education but critically identifies key challenges for educators, such as: How can we better address issues of race in our teaching and learning? Are we educating in nonviolence? How can we make the college or university "greener"? How can we evoke a desire for the faith that does justice? Transforming Ourselves, Transforming the World is an indispensable volume that has the potential to act as an academic facilitator for the promotion of justice within not only Jesuit schools but all schools of higher education.
Dead on arrival Gordon, Colin
2003., 20090110, 2009, 2003, 2003-01-01, Letnik:
29
eBook
Why, alone among industrial democracies, does the United States not have national health insurance? While many books have addressed this question, Dead on Arrival is the first to do so based on ...original archival research for the full sweep of the twentieth century. Drawing on a wide range of political, reform, business, and labor records, Colin Gordon traces a complex and interwoven story of political failure and private response. He examines, in turn, the emergence of private, work-based benefits; the uniquely American pursuit of social insurance; the influence of race and gender on the health care debate; and the ongoing confrontation between reformers and powerful economic and health interests.Dead on Arrival stands alone in accounting for the failure of national or universal health policy from the early twentieth century to the present. As importantly, it also suggests how various interests (doctors, hospitals, patients, workers, employers, labor unions, medical reformers, and political parties) confronted the question of health care - as a private responsibility, as a job-based benefit, as a political obligation, and as a fundamental right.Using health care as a window onto the logic of American politics and American social provision, Gordon both deepens and informs the contemporary debate. Fluidly written and deftly argued, Dead on Arrival is thus not only a compelling history of the health care quandary but a fascinating exploration of the country's political economy and political culture through the American century, of the role of private interests and private benefits in the shaping of social policy, and, ultimately, of the ways the American welfare state empowers but also imprisons its citizens.
Fifty years of violence perpetrated by guerrillas, paramilitaries, and official armed forces in Colombia displaced more than six million people. In 2011, as part of a larger transitional justice ...process, the Colombian government approved a law that would restore land rights for those who lost their homes during the conflicts. However, this restitution process lacked appropriate provisions for rural women beyond granting them a formal property title. Drawing on decades of research, Elusive Justice demonstrates how these women continue to face numerous adverse circumstances, including geographical isolation, encroaching capitalist enterprises, and a dearth of social and institutional support. Donny Meertens contends that women's advocacy organizations must have a prominent role in overseeing these transitional policies in order to create a more just society. By bringing together the underresearched topic of property repayment and the pursuit of gender justice in peacebuilding, these findings have broad significance elsewhere in the world.
Ethnographies of Power Chari, Sharad; Devine, Jennifer; Ekers, Michael ...
08/2021
eBook
Odprti dostop
What does it mean to work with radical concepts in our time of rampant inequality, imperial-capitalist plunder, racial/sexual/class violence and ecocide? When concepts from the past seem inadequate, ...how do scholars and activists concerned with social change decide what concepts to work with or renew? The contributors to Ethnographies of Power address these questions head on. Gillian Hart is a key thinker in radical political economy, geography, development studies, agrarian studies and Gramscian critique of postcolonial capitalism. In Ethnographies of Power each contributor engages her work and applies it to their own field of study. These applied concepts include: ‘gendered labour’ practices among South African workers, reading ‘racial capitalism’ through agrarian debates, using ‘relational comparison’ in an ethnography of schooling across Durban, reworking ‘multiple socio-spatial trajectories’ in Guatemala’s Maya Biosphere Reserve, critiquing the notion of South Africa’s ‘second economy’, revisiting ‘development’ processes and ‘Development’ discourses in US military contracting, reconsidering Gramsci’s ‘conjunctures’ geographically, finding divergent ‘articulations’ in Cape Town land occupations, and exploring ‘nationalism’ as central to revaluing recyclables at a Soweto landfill. Ethnographies of Power offers an invaluable toolkit for activists and scholars engaged in sharpening their critical concepts for the social and environmental change necessary for our collective future.
Fuentes fiscales e historia agraria. El debate en tomo de las posibilidades heurísticas de los amillaramientos. El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en una breve reflexión sobre las ...posibilidades que ofrece como fuente histórica la documentación generada por una de las figuras tributarias surgidas en 1845: la Contribución de Inmuebles, Cultivo y Ganadería. El tema ha sido objeto de cierto debate, por lo que una parte del trabajo se centra en el análisis de los argumentos a favor y en contra, mientras que en el resto del mismo se exponen las principales aportaciones conseguidas recientemente por un grupo de especialistas de Historia Agraria utilizando, con las debidas precauciones, la documentación indicada, esencialmente los Amillaramientos.
fr Sources fiscales et histoire agraire. Le debat sur les posibilites heuritiques des amillaramientos. L'objetif du présent article consiste á une brève reflexion sur les posibilites qui offre comme source historique la documentation générée par un procédé fiscal sorti de la Reforme de 1845: la Contribution d'Inmeubles, Culture et Elevage. La sujet a donné lieu á un certain débat; donc, une première partie de mon travail est consacré á une analyse des argumentations pro et contra, tandis que dans la deuxième on expose les principaux progrés de nos connaissances sur l'histoire agraires dans ces dernières années, réussis grâce aux recherches d'un groupe d'especialistes qu'ont utilisé de façon systématique, mais avec des precautions, les Amillaramientos.
In New York City in 2009, a new kind of public school opened its doors to its inaugural class of middle schoolers. Conceived by a team of game designers and progressive educational reformers and ...backed by prominent philanthropic foundations, it promised to reinvent the classroom for the digital age. Ethnographer Christo Sims documented the life of the school from its planning stages to the graduation of its first eighth-grade class.Disruptive Fixationis his account of how this "school for digital kids," heralded as a model of tech-driven educational reform, reverted to a more conventional type of schooling with rote learning, an emphasis on discipline, and traditional hierarchies of authority. Troubling gender and racialized class divisions also emerged.
Sims shows how the philanthropic possibilities of new media technologies are repeatedly idealized even though actual interventions routinely fall short of the desired outcomes-often dramatically so. He traces the complex processes by which idealistic tech-reform perennially takes root, unsettles the worlds into which it intervenes, and eventually stabilizes in ways that remake and extend many of the social predicaments reformers hope to fix. Sims offers a nuanced look at the roles that powerful elites, experts, the media, and the intended beneficiaries of reform-in this case, the students and their parents-play in perpetuating the cycle.
Disruptive Fixationoffers a timely examination of techno-philanthropism and the yearnings and dilemmas it seeks to address, revealing what failed interventions do manage to accomplish-and for whom.
After a remarkable career in higher education, Sidonie Smith offers Manifesto for the Humanities as a reflective contribution to the current academic conversation over the place of the Humanities in ...the 21st century. Her focus is on doctoral education and opportunities she sees for its reform.
Grounding this manifesto in background factors contributing to current “crises” in the humanities, Smith advocates for a 21st century doctoral education responsive to the changing ecology of humanistic scholarship and teaching. She elaborates a more expansive conceptualization of coursework and dissertation, a more robust, engaged public humanities, and a more diverse, collaborative, and networked sociality.
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