Drones (UAV, unmanned aerial vehicles), along with the development of technology, are more and more used to solve scientific problems. This is particularly true for Earth and environmental sciences, ...including geomorphology, structural geology and sedimentology. In addition to hardware and technical issues, the parallel development of photogrammetric programs and systems for increasing the precision of drone flight path measurements are contributing to the ability to create land maps as well as 3D models with increasing accuracy. This paper describes the possibility of using drones carrying a non-metric RGB camera or thermal sensor, for the study of morphological changes of terrain based on the analysis of photographs, orthophotos and 3D models. Test studies were carried out in the valleys of the Warta and Pilica rivers in the area of artificial reservoirs, as well as on moraine uplands – mainly in open-pit mines. The results of these tests show that proper flight planning and configuration of the aircraft’s camera work guarantee obtaining the right data necessary for later processing in software, such as GIS. The most important parameters included: determination of the area of the planned raid, flight altitude above ground level, aircraft speed, camera repetition rate and accuracy of the generated material.
The catchment of Dzierżązna river is located in the western part of the Łódź Hills edge zone. The work focuses on its spring section located in the city of Zgierz, between springs in the Rudunki and ...the Malinka reservoir. The research concerned three basic parameters: water temperature oC, water oxygen saturation % and concentration of dissolved oxygen in water mg/dm3. In the study area, 15 measurement points were established in various types of hydrographic objects (groundwater outflow, flowing water and stagnant water). Measurements were carried out in two seasons: winter and early spring, between 5th of December 2018 and 7th of April 2019. The results of the research show a significant diversification of oxygen conditions in individual types of objects. The thermal conditions and the kind of water movement in the studied objects indicate that in winter the basic process of water oxygen supply is gas diffusion from the atmosphere. In spring, when the water temperature rises, which impede the effective solubility of atmospheric oxygen, photosynthesis of aquatic vegetation becomes more important, with an indication of suspended and bottom phytoplankton. The tested waters are generally of good quality, although the high oxygen saturation in early spring may be a problem for aquatic animals.
The article addresses the issue of location of urban agriculture in the spatial structure of selected11 African capital cities located south of the Sahara. The research was based on the analysis of ...satellite andaerial imagery and fieldwork conducted in two of the cities selected – Kigali in 2019 and Bissau in 2020.The considerations undertaken show that agriculture present in cities analyzed has similar spatial features. In allof the cases, urban agriculture has a wedge or ribbon-shaped arrangement and occupies river valleys and their slopes, depending on water conditions. It enters areas where construction is impossible or very limited. These conclusions are universal, going beyond the climatic and soil zones as well as the ground surface relief.
This present study, the mapped area is located between latitude E07°35’00’’ to E07°39’0011” and longitude N13°00’00’’ to N12°57’00” of sheet 34NW, Katsina State, Northern Nigeria. The area is ...underlain by Basement Complex rocks and syenogranitic rocks which dominate in the area. The two sets of granitic rocks were observed and distinguished by texture. The northwest of the mapped area consists of very coarse to coarse grained syeno-granitic rocks, while in the southeast, the rocks are medium to coarse grained. These outcrops exhibit various systems of joints. The mineralogical compositions determine by thin section results displays: quartz, biotite, muscovite, plagioclase feldspar, apatite, sericite, hornblende, augite and microcline. There are two generalizations of joints with primary WSW to ENW direction and NE-SW, MMW-SSE and WWW-ESE secondary direction of NE-SW, MME-SSE and WWW-ESE.
Speleotourism implies visiting caves and respecting geomorphological values. A visit to the caves must include certain rules of conduct and implementation of geoethical values to achieve sustainable ...speleotourism development. This paper investigates the tourist traffic of an authentic cave in northwestern Bulgaria, the Magura Cave, which is a speleological object with exceptional potential for the development of speleotourism. The explored cave includes unique examples of cave paintings and imposing historical values. The research methodology mainly included descriptive analysis of data obtained by the administrative staff of the Municipality of Belogradchik. The data of tourist visits are presented in tables and graphs. The research results indicate the current state and potential prospects for the development of speleotourism in the Magura Cave. Moreover, the paper presents measures for more effective development of speleotourism, which are of special importance for organizational and cave management structures.
The subject of research in this paper is the expansion of the growth matrix, which is reflected in the definition of a new matrix - a global regional growth matrix. The assumption for the formation ...of this matrix is that the synthetic measures of the development of individual regions included in the analysis are first calculated. This matrix provides an opportunity to analyze interregional relations and the dynamics of structural change in the respective regions.
This volume is an attempt to paint a picture of the history of natural resources and mining in Transylvania, through a few selected examples arranged in a chronological order, up to the point in time ...mentioned in the title. It relies on a scientific approach, but also tries to give an account that is easy to read and understand.Some of the chapters identify the locations of medieval mines that were known from documents but had no precise geographic positions; others call the attention to the fact that, taking into account their characteristics, some modern-day mines were also active during medieval times. The book guides the reader through the adventurous history of learning about the geology of energy resources (natural gas, coal) in Transylvania. In the process of doing that, it also highlights ideas and concepts that were introduced here for the first time in the history of science, such as the industrial use of natural gas, pioneering research on single-celled fossils, and the clarification of stratigraphic controversies through the use of paleontology. The effect of the scientific, economic, societal, and political context on the exploration and exploitation of raw materials – and mineral waters as well – is also discussed.By describing the work of a few outstanding Transylvanian geologists (e.g., Franz Herbich, Gyula Halaváts, and Mór Pálfy), we also highlight that, despite all the difficulties of doing scientific work in a small and often disadvantaged country, thanks to these scientists, this region was able to keep up with, or even lead, the scientific advances in Europe and the rest of the world. In some cases we also discuss their contributions in areas outside of the geosciences.By summarizing and cataloguing those publications of these researchers that are relevant to Transylvania, we also hope to aid further studies in the history of geoscience in this region.
To determine the state of sustainable tourism development in the protected natural areas of AP Vojvodina, it is important to analyze and correlate certain indicators of sustainable tourism. It is ...also important to analyze the opinion of visitors according to the selected protected natural areas, from the perspective of experiences and potential suggestions for specific interventions, to improve the state of natural values and improve the area protection. As a final result, it can provide significant benefits for all participants of sustainable tourism development. This paper analyzed and presented the results of visitor responses regarding 5 selected protected natural areas on the territory of AP Vojvodina. These areas represent a significant sample for analysis and the results of the research can influence the overall assessment of the sustainable tourism development of the Province. Using the correlation method of obtained average values of estimated sustainability indicators, the relation of these indicators to sustainable tourism was defined. The results obtained can influence the constitution of proposals for the improvement of the natural values of these areas through the proper implementation of nature protection. By enhancing these natural values, benefits are provided to all participants in sustainable tourism development.
This article analyses the Roman viticulture in Hasta Regia colony, southwest of the Iberian Peninsula, as an ideal place to model historical and economic conditioning factors of this activity. We ...propose a model that includes an analysis of the territory, the “Riparian” resources necessary for the vineyard, the conditioning factors of the ancient vineyard and finally the economic implications that derive from it. The method allows us to get closer to the management of this economic reality, as well as being able to check whether the various estimates are correct.
Arhitectură și urbanism în România, 1944-1960: constrângere și experiment Architecture and Urbanism in Romania, 1944-1960: Constraint and Experiment /Doctoral Thesis, Irina TULBURE; Simetria, ...Bucharest, 2016, 295 p., ISBN 978-973-1872-41-4