In the early 1990s, Ukraine and the Baltic states gained independence. This put them in front of the need to choose the succession - the Soviet or pre-Soviet republics. Ukraine inherited the ...Constitution of the USSR of 1918-1978, the Baltic States - the republics that existed before their occupation in 1940. This approach to solving the problem led Ukraine and the Baltic States to the opposite results of comprehensive development. The raised topic is too relevant, as the election of Ukraine to the succession of the Soviet constitutions of 1918-1978 proved to be a destructive factor in statehood. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of Ukraine's succession. To achieve this, the Basic Laws of the USSR of 1918-1978, as well as scientific methods and principles of research were used. The main of them was a comparative analysis of the subject of study, which was the core of achieving this goal. Its application helped to identify differences in the choice of succession to Ukraine and the Baltic States after gaining independence, its features and practical consequences. The principles of determinism and retrospective analysis ensured the establishment of causal relationships between processes. The systematic method facilitated the consideration of Ukraine and the Baltic States as equivalent units, in accordance with the requirements of which the research problem was formulated. The use of the principle of historicism made it possible to identify the significance of processes in the context of different epochs. The method of objectivity, coupled with the principle of historicism, helped to avoid traditional assessments of events, facts, government, and so on in Soviet science. Structurally complex method, classifications, normative-legal approach, principles of analogy and logical analysis made it possible to divide the constitutions of different states and epochs into separate groups, identify their importance in the study process, formulate general conclusions, establish radical opposition to Ukraine and the Baltic states and identify their specific strategic outcomes. The author came to the conclusion that the peculiarity of Ukrainian entrepreneurship is the entrepreneurship of the Ukrainian SSR, the inability to solve strategic problems of domestic and foreign policy, which have been put forward in recent times. The peculiarity of the succession of the Baltic states was the inheritance of the republics that existed before the occupation in 1940, which created the preconditions for the successful solution of strategic tasks of domestic and foreign policy.
In a context of globalized competition, mergers and acquisitions are presented as effective strategies in front of continues technological changes and rapid growth in global markets, particularly in ...Eastern European region, which is becoming increasingly important in terms of number and volume of mergers and acquisitions’ operations. Our research work consists in providing descriptive complementary insights to previous research, by analyzing the characteristics of mergers and acquisitions market in this region. Our sample includes all transactions realized between the years 1990 to 2018, collected from the Thomson Reuters Eikon database. The statistics indicate that most transactions are in the financial sector, the country of Turkey is the main target region regarding mergers and acquisitions investments, and approximately all transactions are friendly.
Formulation of the problem. At the present historical stage, the issue of European continental security is becoming especially relevant against the background of Russian aggression. This is obvious ...and hardly questionable. Ukraine has always played the role of a defender of Western civilization in European history. Apart from Ukraine, Poland and Lithuania have performed and continue to perform the same function. Speaking in the language of historical analogies and comparisons, it is impossible in this aspect not to mention such a large and powerful state formation as the Commonwealth. Ironically, this state also emerged against the background of Muscovy's expansion in the east. The need for common security in Central Europe has always been and remains relevant. Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine are at the forefront of Europe's sustainable development. Today it is the forefront of the entire civilized world. Therefore, the formation of the Lublin Triangle between Kyiv, Warsaw and Vilnius is a historical, political, economic, humanitarian necessity. In fact, the Lublin Triangle is a tripartite regional alliance for political, economic, cultural and social cooperation between Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine, aimed at strengthening dialogue between countries, supporting Ukraine's integration into the European Union and NATO and jointly countering Russian aggression in Ukraine. The idea of such a union belonged to Vyacheslav Chornovil and Adam Czartoryski. The economic component of this association is extremely important, as it is the basis for the formation of a system of sustainable development of the region. European aggression is contrasted with European balance and economic stability. Analysis of recent research and publications. The theme of the Lublin Triangle and the importance of this organization in the modern development of Europe is becoming increasingly important. However, this issue is still more in the political and journalistic sphere of consideration. Economic research on this topic has not yet been developed. Although some attempts are being made. Rather, the scientific issues themselves are determined, which in the future will have different areas of research. The purpose of this study is to analyze the state and prospects of the unification of Poland, Lithuania and Ukraine as a stabilizing economic factor in the security system of Europe within the framework of the Lublin Triangle. Results of the research. The analysis of this issue proves that the unification of the three states - Poland, Lithuania and Ukraine, within the Lublin Triangle has serious prospects and can act as a powerful formation in the economic security of Europe, especially in the context of Russian military expansion. Conclusions. The Lublin Triangle, as an intergovernmental union, is primarily designed to counter Russian aggression and pressure on the European Union. The role of Ukraine, Lithuania and Poland for many centuries has been to protect the European continent from Russia's imperial advance on Europe and to slow down the development of European countries. At the present time, this problem has become very acute and significant. The countries of the Lublin Triangle have a strong economic potential, are of serious trade and communication interest in the North-South, West-East directions, and are a kind of outpost in defense of Western civilization. The Lublin Triangle political union is quite capable of economically protecting Europe from the negative impact of Russia's expansion on the EU.
The actual aspects of the recovery and revival processes in the Karabakh region were studied in the article. For this, analyzes were conducted on the actual problems of the restoration and ...development of the territories freed from occupation after the Great Karabakh victory. The general aspects of the damage caused to the region as a result of the occupation are given. The issues and problems of the organization of revival processes in the post-occupation period were touched upon. The development of infrastructure and development possibilities of processing areas in the Karabakh region were investigated. From a conceptual point of view, recommendations and proposals were made on the actual issues of recovery and revival processes in the Karabakh region.
The region, called the Turkestan, has been one of the important settlement areas of the Turks since ancient times. Many Turkish cities were established in this region and it has become an important ...region in Turkish history. The city of Khiva, located in Turkestan, has been visited by many people because it is one of the important cities of the region. One of these missions was Nikolay Nikolayevich Muraviev. With this work, the Khiva city in the XIX century will be discussed through the eyes of N. N. Muraviev. In this study, XIX. century Khiva will be discussed. Within the scope of the study, firstly the city structure of the Turkestan Khanates was discussed, then the physical appearance, ethnic structure and population, commercial and economic life and social and intellectual life of the City of Khiva were examined. As the main source, N. N. Muraviev's work Putoşestviye v Turkmenyu i Hivu 1819 i 1820, who went to the region for a mission and gave detailed information about Khiva in his report, was chosen. Considering the period when Muraviev visited Khiva, the subject is XIX. century limited. In this study, it is seen that the common thought system and understanding of life gained with Islam, which provided a common dentity in the XIX century, is reflected in the urban fabric.
The watersheds can be useful in defining the boundaries of the basin or to divide that basin into subbasins. This case study aims to create a boundary that represents the contributing area for a ...certain pour point. The watershed is delineated from the DEM(Digital Elevation Model) by calculating flow direction and flow accumulation and using them further into the analysis. To achieve this, ArcGIS will be used to perform the analysis leading to watershed delineation.
In our article we review the narratives about the settlement of Laz Muhajirs in Düzce İli, Turkey. As it is known, The Georgian population of Düzce region of Turkey is mostly made up of descendants ...of those Muhajirs, who after the 1877-1878 Russo-Turkish War were forced to leave their homeland (Southwestern Georgia) for Ottoman Turkey. One part of the migrants settled the Black Sea coast of Turkey from the very beginning, while others moved here later from other regions of Ottoman Turkey. Among the Georgian muhajirs who left for the Ottoman Empire after the 1877-1878 RussoOttoman war (Turk. “Doksan üç harbı”) were many Laz. Most of them were residents of Sarpi-Mak’riali area and Čxala-Beγlewani valleys. These people have settled in the modern Düzce region since the 80s of the XIX century. Their descendants still live there today and more or less well preserve their ethnic identity, mother tongue (the khopian dialect) and traditions. They are divided into two groups - those who came from Sarpi-Makriali call themselves "the Laz from Batumi", and those who left Čxala and Beγlewani valleys - "the Laz from Čxala". Today, the descendants of Muhajirs living in Turkey find it more and more difficult to preserve their native languages and customs. Their self-concepts are mostly based on their historical memories – the stories heard from their ancetors describing how they left their native lands for the Ottoman Empire and settled there. In most cases, the information about their origin, their former family names and the places they settled first on the Ottoman territory etc. were passed down through generations. It is natural that the stories about the difficulties encountred by their ancetors during their migration and life as Muhajirs are their most important memories.
In the article, the belief structure of the Qashqai Turks living in Iran is discussed through the relationship between celestial beings, God and the color blue. The Qashqai Turks, who live scattered ...in the south of Iran, continue to see themselves as Turks and keep their Turkishness alive, despite living in a mixed geography and not receiving education in their own language. This nomadic society, which belongs to the Shiite sect of Islam, has preserved its cultural identities, languages and beliefs until today. Qashqai Turks keep the old Turkish religion and beliefs alive in every aspect of their lives. They contain many words and beliefs about the word God and the connection with the Sky God in their language, and they see the color blue as a sacred color. In Qashqai, a direct and indirect connection is established between the sky, celestial bodies, the color of the sky (blue) and God. This situation connects the Qashqai belief system to both the old Turkish belief system and the belief systems of today's Siberian Turks. The word "Gök", which means both the sky and God, is at the center of the Qashqai, belief system. The study, which was based on the data obtained from oral and written sources, revealed that more field-oriented studies should be done on the traditional worldviews of the Turkish communities living in Iran, especially the Qashqais
This study aims to evaluate the perception of the potential tourists on wine tourism in Moldavia region. The area under study represents Romania’s largest wine region, concentrating about 38% of the ...total area covered by vineyards and about 47% of the area under grafted bearing vineyards. Similarly, the counties comprised within the wine region of the Moldavian Hills supply 40% of the total quantity of grapes and 38% of the quantity of wine grapes produced in Romania. The importance of the region is underlined by the existence of 12 vineyards and 55 wine centres; thus, for the recognition of the quality and particularities of their wines, there are several Controlled Designation of Origin/CDO. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the perception of a random sample, consisting of 140 people from different regions of Romania (and the Republic of Moldova), on the importance of the wine potential and the tourist capitalization of the oenological patrimony of the region. It was found that most respondents practised wine tourism both in the country and in other states, some of them even visiting Moldavia region. Most of the respondents fall into the category of young people, which led to different perceptions of wine tourism and to various expectations related to its practice in Moldavia region, especially when compared to other categories of tourists. The personal experience of practicing this type of tourism has led to answers based on the reality perceived by the respondents, both with the advantages of Moldavia and with the issues inherent in a developing region, especially those related to the promotion and capitalization of the wine tourism potential. Respondents also provided solutions to reduce problems in the region's development and suggested that institutions be involved in achieving them.
Purpose: This study examined the effect of the rate of carbon footprints in an economy on the financial performance of listed insurance companies in selected countries in the sub-Saharan African ...region. It is argued in the study that factors that are external to the insurance industry (carbon footprint) intensify risks faced by the insurance firms. Methodology: The study employs secondary data from the sampled insurance firms' annual audited financial statements. Data was collected from forty-five (45) insurance firms in eight (8) selected sub-Saharan African countries from 2010 to 2019. A dynamic estimation procedure was adopted based on the system GMM estimation technique using dependent variables (ROA, ROE and Tobin’s Q), explanatory variable CO2 emission and moderating variables of firm’s size, economic growth and inflation rate. Results/Findings: The results from the study reveal that the pattern of effects of carbon footprints differ in terms of the measurement used for a performance indicator. In particular, the study found that the level of carbon footprint in the economy exerts significant negative effects on all the performance indicators of insurance firms. Optimal risk and sustainable insurance procedures are therefore recommended in the study.
