Clean and environment-friendly energy harvesting are of prime interest today as it is one of the key enablers in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as accelerates social ...progress and enhances living standards. India, the second-most populous nation with a population of 1.353 billion, is one of the largest consumers of fossil fuels in the world which is responsible for global warming. An ever-increasing population is projected until 2050, and consequently, the energy demand in the upcoming decades will be co-accelerated by the rapid industrial growth. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) with the support of National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog is working to achieve the Indian Government's target of attaining 175 GW through renewable energy resources. Many Indian states are currently increasing their renewable energy capacity in an objective to meet future energy demand. The review paper discusses in-depth about the three Indian states, namely Karnataka, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, which pioneers the renewable energy production in India. The global energy scenario was discussed in detail with Indian contrast. Further, the barriers to the development of renewable energy generation and policies of the Indian government are discussed in detail to promote renewable energy generation throughout India as well as globally since the challenges are similar for other nations. This study analyzed various prospects of the country in renewable energy which has been done in a purpose to help the scholars, researchers, and policymakers of the nation, as it gives an insight into the present renewable energy scenario of the country.
This book addresses the rapidly changing citizen roles in innovation, technology adoption, intermediation, market creation, and legitimacy building for low-carbon solutions. It links research in ...innovation studies, sustainability transitions, and science and technology studies, and builds a new approach for the study of user contributions to innovation and sociotechnical change. Citizen Activities in Energy Transition gives detailed and empirically grounded overall appraisal of citizens’ active technological engagement in the current energy transition, in an era when Internet connectivity has given rise to important new forms of citizen communities and interactions. It elaborates a new way to study users in sociotechnical change through long-term ethnographic and historical research and reports its deployment in a major, decade-long line of investigation on user activities in small-scale renewables, addressing user contributions from the early years to the late proliferation stages of small-scale renewable energy technologies (S-RETs). It offers a much-needed empirical and theoretical understanding of the dynamics of the activities in which users are engaged over the course of sociotechnical change, including innovation, adoption, adjustment, intermediation, community building, digital communities, market creation, and legitimacy creation. This work is a must-read for those seeking to understand the role of users in innovation, energy systems change and the significance of new digital communities in present and future sociotechnical change. Academics, policymakers, and managers are given a new resource to understand the "demand side" of sociotechnical change beyond the patterns of investment, adoption, and social acceptance that have traditionally occupied their attention.
India has 150GW of renewable energy potential, about half in the form of small hydropower, biomass, and wind and half in solar, cogeneration, and waste-to-energy. Developing renewable energy can help ...India increase its energy security, reduce the adverse impacts on the local environment, lower its carbon intensity, contribute to more balanced regional development, and realize its aspirations for leadership in high-technology industries. This study aims to answers critical questions on why renewable energy development is relevant in Indian context, on how much development is economically feasible, and on what needs to be done to realize the potential. The Report is based on data from nearly 180 wind, biomass, and small hydropower projects in 20 states, as well as information from the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) and the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC).The Report suggests that about 3GW of renewable energy ? all from small hydropower is conomically feasible, when the avoided cost of coal-based generation of Rs 3.08/kWh is considered. About 59GW of renewable energy in wind, biomass, and small hydropower is available at less than Rs 5/kWh. The entire cumulative capacity of 68GW in these three technologies can be harnessed at less than Rs 6/kWh. About 62GW?90 percent of cumulative renewable capacity in wind, biomass, and small hydropower?is economically feasible when the environmental premiums on coal are brought into consideration. Realizing the need to bridge this gap, the government has set an ambitious target of installing at least 40GW of additional capacity of renewables in the next 10 years. India has made tremendous strides in establishing overarching policy framework and institutions to bring renewable in the mainstream of energy mix, but significant financial, infrastructure and regulatory barriers to
renewable energy development remain which the report sheds light on and suggests possible solutions.
Due to the threat posed by fossil fuels to human existence; many countries around the world have turned attention to renewable sources for power generation to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases ...and stop ozone layer depletion. This has increased the exploitation of various renewable energy sources which include: hydro, biomass, solar, geothermal and wind in many developed countries. However, most African countries seem not to have awakened to this new reality. This work presents a comprehensive review of available renewable energy capacity in Nigeria, the level of utilization of renewables in Nigeria in comparison to other countries, comparison of renewable energy scenarios among African countries, factors hindering the development of renewables in Nigeria, the country’s renewable energy policy and ways of improving its status in the country. A lot of peer-reviewed journal articles, and grey literatures were gathered from which the most suitable ones were selected for reviews. In addition, opinions of people across the country and beyond, regarding renewable energy status in Nigeria were sought through a questionnaire. It is found that Nigeria is greatly endowed with different renewable energy sources but the level of utilization has been very low due to a myriad of factors such as non-implementation of renewable energy policies, financial issues, unfavorable government policies and lack of adequate research. It is expected that the findings in this work will awaken policies makers in Nigeria to reshape her renewable energy policies and speed up its implementation as well as guide individuals wishing to invest in the nation’s vast renewable resources.
This report summarizes the results of a recent review of the emerging experience with the design and implementation of policy instruments to promote the development of renewable energy (RE) in a ...sample of six representative developing countries and transition economies ('developing countries') (World Bank 2010). The review focused mainly on price- and quantity-setting policies, but it also covered fiscal and financial incentives, as well as relevant market facilitation measures. The lessons learned were taken from the rapidly growing literature and reports that analyze and discuss RE policy instruments in the context of different types of power market structures. The analysis considered all types of grid-connected RE options except large hydropower: wind (on-shore and off-shore), solar (photovoltaic and concentrated solar power), small hydropower (SHP) (with capacities below 30 megawatts), biomass, bioelectricity (cogeneration), landfill gas, and geothermal. The six countries selected for the review included Brazil, India, Indonesia, Nicaragua, Sri Lanka, and Turkey.
The study aims to inquire how green financing influence renewable energy dependence and renewable energy transition in E7 settings. For this, the DEA estimation approach is used. The findings shown ...that renewable energy dependence is vital to efficiently extending energy transition in E7 context. More specifically, for renewable energy transition, renewable energy demand and supply ratio, energy consumption to GDP ratio, energy production elasticity, energy consumption elasticity, energy conversion efficiency and R & D investment through green financing are very essential. The findings further explained that there is 5% variance in China, 17% variance persisting in India, 11% variance in Turkey, 7% variance in Russia, 18.6% variance in Mexico and 3.1% per cent variance in Indonesia on a per annum basis for investing green finances in the renewable energy sector for energy transition. Study findings also indicated the E7 economies generated a 24% shift in the study period towards renewable energy from traditional energy production and consumption sources. By this, a significant rise on renewable energy dependence is observed. And it is due to green finance utilization in numerous hydro energy plants residing in E7 countries. The study is novel in its framework and the context. Though past researchers inquired how green finances is linked with economic performance, energy innovation, environmental sustainability and renewable energy sources, the issue has not been investigated based on how the renewable energy dependence generates a shift due to green financing, and how it promotes renewable energy transition in E7 economies as addresed by this research. By this the study is novel and suggests the practical recommendations to initiate effective renewable energy management system in E7 settings.
•The rise in renewable energy dependence increase the energy transition that requires a sufficient amount of green financing.•Energy production elasticity, energy supply elasticity, energy transition to GDP ratio and energy dependence ratio were found positive in study context.•Green financing has significant role on energy transition in E7 settings through renewable energy dependence.•E7 economies and renewable energy industries are required to develop a viable and effective system to channel green financing in renewable energy projects.
Recent experience from around the world suggests that feed-in tariffs (FITs) are the most effective policy to encourage the rapid and sustained deployment of renewable energy. There are several ...different ways to structure a FIT policy, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. This paper presents an overview of seven different ways to structure the remuneration of a FIT policy, divided into two broad categories: those in which remuneration is dependent on the electricity price, and those that remain independent from it. This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of these different FIT models, and concludes with an analysis of these design options, with a focus on their implications both for investors and for society.
Hiang Kwee Lee
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
March 1, 2023, 2023-Mar-01, 2023-03-00, 20230301, Letnik:
62, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
“The most exciting thing about my research is manipulating renewable energy and chemical feedstock at the nanoscale to create useful molecules… To improve my work–life balance, I ask my team members ...to have work–life balance too, especially over the weekend. …” Find out more about Hiang Kwee Lee in his Introducing … Profile.
With the development of renewable energy market, Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) has become the targeted renewable energy incentive mechanism in China and it is under a government's long-term plan ...that RPS overtakes feed-in tariff gradually in recent years. Given this background, the decision-making model of electricity retailers to accomplish the obligation under RPS is constructed as a bi-layer portfolio selection model. In the inner-layer, both capital allocation of the retailers to purchase various kinds of renewable energy capacity as well as RECs are optimised. In the outer-layer, the capital investment portfolio of each risky and risk-free strategy is determined based on the Behavioural Portfolio Theory, with different mental accounts (MAs) with different aspiration points and threshold levels built to describe the investor philosophy of retailers during the decision-making process. The simulation results of a provincial electricity market in China demonstrate that the presented model can effectively assist electricity retailers in making their capital investment strategies under RPS with relevant market factors. In addition, the proposed model provides insights for policy makers to set key parameters involving the design of RPS by analysing behaviours of retailers, including required quota ratio and value of fines.
Over the last years renewable energy sources have increased their share on electricity generation of China due to environmental and security of supply concerns. In this work author assesses the role ...of both the amount and share of renewable energy consumption in economic welfare using Cobb–Douglas type production functions. This assessment is carried out by multivariate OLS and SPSS software for China from 1978 to 2008. Results indicate that a 1% increase in renewable energy consumption (REC) increases real GDP by 0.120%, GDP per capita by 0.162%, per capita annual income of rural households by 0.444%, and per capita annual income of urban households by 0.368% respectively; the impact of renewable energy consumption share (SREC) on economic welfare is insignificant, and an increasing share of REC negatively affects economic welfare growth to a certain extent. In this paper, the cost, structural demand, accounting mechanism and policy reasons of renewable energy development are interpreted. Marginal effects analysis show that the shape of sound and robust renewable energy institutions and policies would matter for increasing the standards of economic welfare in the context of speeding up renewable energy development and increasing share of renewable energy consumption, especially the goal-oriented policy refinement should be addressed efficiently in improvement households income while increasing share of renewable energy consumption.
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