The economic effect of buildings' renovation largely depends on implementation of energy saving methods and devices. A very high economic effect is achieved by wall insulation. In this respect, it is ...even higher than the replacement of windows. The alternative solutions of wall insulation of buildings differ in the materials used, labour expenditure and other aspects. The cost of renovation depends on the solutions made. The criteria describing the available wall insulation alternatives may have different values. Moreover, they may change in different directions, i.e. a higher value of some criteria denotes a better state, while for others they mean a worse situation. In this environment, a compromise variant is required, which can be found by multicriteria evaluation methods. To reduce the effect of various methods on calculation results, it can be recommended to assess the object (or phenomenon) considered by several different methods, with a subsequent determination of the average estimate value. In this way, the disadvantages of some particular multicriteria evaluation methods could be compensated by the advantages of others. The integration of methods will be correct if there is a correlation between the values obtained by different methods.
The paper presents a position of the authors on the current setup of the multi-apartment renovation process in Lithuania. The conducted investigation includes the actual case study analysis of the ...group of residential buildings in Birštonas. The paper deals with three areas that have a major impact on the success of the overall renovation process. The areas include the currently applied mechanisms for identifying and evaluating energy efficiency measures, data analysis of measuring actual energy efficiency and determination of the economic feasibility of the renovation process. Research results clearly indicate that the current shape of the program scheme is far from completion. The paper produces recommendations and research findings that could be used for further improvement on the process.
Biologinė įvairovė dažnai yra nepakankamai įvertinama planuojant ir plėtojant miestus; tačiau miestams tankėjant ar plečiantis poreikis saugoti miesto gamtą ir didinti biologinę įvairovę tampa vis ...aktualesnis. Gyvenamųjų namų renovacija tampa itin reikšmingu miesto plėtros sektoriumi siekiant tvarumo tikslų ir įgyvendinant Europos Žaliojo kurso nuostatas. Taigi biologinės įvairovės išsaugojimas pastatų renovacijos proceso metu ir po jo tampa aktualiu klausimu. Šiame tyrime daugiausia dėmesio skiriama biologinei įvairovei miesto gyvenamuosiuose rajonuose, užstatytuose sovietinio modernizmo daugiabučiais gyvenamaisiais namais, ir biologinės įvairovės išsaugojimo bei didinimo galimybėms pastatų renovacijos procese, atsižvelgiant į ekologinius, socialinius ir estetinius aspektus. Tyrime taikyti metodai – literatūros analizė, tyrimai vietose ir žvalgomoji sociologinė apklausa. Tyrimo rezultatai patvirtina, kad biologinės įvairovės aspektų integravimas į planavimą, renovacijos praktiką ir politiką yra svarbus ir potencialus siekiant sukurti tvarius ir gyvybingus gyvenamuosius rajonus. Žvalgomoji sociologinė apklausa atskleidė teigiamą apklaustų kauniečių požiūrį į miesto biologinę įvairovę. Stebėjimas vietoje Eigulių, Gričiupio ir Dainavos mikrorajonuose rodo pastatų estetikos pagerėjimą ir gyventojų sąveikos su gamta požymius, tačiau buvo ir tokių stebėtų teritorijų, kuriose trūko pakankamų viešųjų erdvių patogumų, o augalų rūšių įvairovė buvo ribota. Pastebėjimai rodo, kad greta vykdomų renovacijos projektų reikia ir toliau skirti dėmesio gyvenamosios aplinkos ir biologinės įvairovės aspektų gerinimui šiuose rajonuose.
The seismic response of multi-storied base-isolated structure to various types of isolation systems connected using viscoelastic dampers to the adjacent dissimilar base-isolated or fixed-base ...structure is investigated. The multi-storied structures are modelled as a shear type structures with lateral degree-of-freedom at each floor, which are connected at different floor levels by viscoelastic dampers. The performance of this combination is studied by deriving the governing equations of motion and solving it in the incremental form using Newmark's step-by-step method of integration. The variation of top floor absolute acceleration of both the buildings and bearing displacement under different real earthquake ground motions is computed to study the behaviour and effectiveness of resulting connected system. It is concluded that connecting the two adjacent base-isolated buildings with the viscoelastic dampers is useful in controlling large bearing displacements in the base-isolated structures thereby eliminating the isolator damages arising due to instability at these large displacements or pounding with adjacent ground structures during earthquakes. The viscoelastic damper connection between adjacent structures is found to be most effective when the adjacent base-isolated and fixed-base buildings are connected. Such scheme is hence useful in upgrading the seismic performance of existing fixed-base structures adjacent to a base-isolated structure.
Climate change became a priority issue on the agenda of the energy and environmental policy of the European Union. Energy efficiency and renewable energy are the main pillars to cope with climate ...change. Buildings consuming 40% of final energy in the European Union play a vital role here. This is the reason for changing attitude towards evaluation of the benefits of the renovation of existing buildings. Previously before making a decision on building renovation solutions the main factor was cost-efficiency. Today life-cycle approach taking into account energy consumption and abatement of greenhouse gases is more relevant.
The goal of the paper is to compare different alternatives for the renovation of buildings taking into account energy, economic and environmental criteria while evaluating impact of renovation measures during their life cycle. The first alternative is renovation of a building up to the requirements of existing building codes. The second alternative is renovation of a building making its thermal characteristics of the envelopes by 25% better. The third alternative is renovation of a building making its thermal characteristics of the envelopes by 50% better. Possibility to use renewable energy in all the three alternatives is also investigated.
The results of analysis show that in the case under consideration replacement of district heating, mostly based on fossil fuel, with a biomass boiler has an advantage in terms of environment and energy. However, economic attractiveness of these alternatives is rather moderate. Final choice of the alternatives depends on the priorities of a decision-maker.
Siekiant pagerinti studijų infrastruktūrą ir pritaikyti šiuolaikinius mokymosi metodus, grupinio darbo vietų sukūrimas dažnai tampa aktuali problema. Vienas iš galimų jos sprendimo būdų yra ...rekonstruoti apleistą angarą ar kitą panašų statinį. Planuojant ir įgyvendinant rekonstrukcijos sprendimus, taikytini aktualūs darnios ir tvarios architektūros principai. Taikant tarptautiniu ir nacionaliniu lygiu veikiančias skirtingas darnias pastatų sertifikavimo sistemas sukaupta nemažai patirties ir ištobulintos siūlomos schemos. Jų reikalavimų kriterijų optimizavimas konkrečiam objekto tipui leistų pasiekti subalansuotus ir inovatyvius darnios architektūros sprendimus naujos statybos arba renovacijos atvejais. Šio darbo tikslas yra įvertinti inovatyvių darnios ir tvarios architektūros principų taikymo galimybes rekonstruojant angarą į neformalų studijų ar panašios paskirties pastatą.
Large scale housing estates, once a dream of every family, now are facing serious physical and social decline. However comparison of the post war housing has showed that despite low physical quality ...neighbourhoods in the east-central Europe were much less deteriorated, then their western counterparts. On the other hand nowadays post socialist cities are experiencing loss of population, sprawl and shifts in the housing market. That changes position of the estates, which is rapidly decreasing. As soon as the housing shortage is eliminated, apartments in the estates go to the bottom of the market, segregation, urban problems and decline is triggered. To prevent the threat to happen it is necessary to start rehabilitation programs in early enough stage. However it is essential that regeneration policies are included in broader city plans and strategies, as that brings long lasting results, and is beneficial for the neighbourhood and for the city itself. The paper researches tools how to prevent large scale neighbourhood decline in post socialist cities, learning from western European regeneration policies.
Članak se bavi renovacijom procesa, učinkovitom uporabom informacijske tehnologije i ulogom upravljanja procesno baziranim znanjem kod integriranja nabavnog lanca s e-logistikom. Članak opisuje ...obnavljanje poslovnog procesa kao ključni element orijentacije ka e-poslovanju i najviši nivo strategije za provođenje promjene koja se obično ne može postići metodama kontinuiranog poboljšanja i reinženjeringa ili organizacijskim restrukturiranjem. Teoretski se nalazi primjenjuju u analizi procesa nabave jedne benzinske tvrtke. Modeliranje procesa se pokazalo korisnim budući da pokazuje proces kao cjelinu, nedostatke postojećeg procesa, zastoje u izvršavanju procesa, te daje kritički uvid u izvršenje procesa i upravljanje znanjem.
One of the most pressing problems in the Latvian economy is related to the energy sector. The most characteristic feature is coupled with the low efficiency of thermal energy consumption of ...households as a result of poor insulation of existing buildings in Latvia. Solving energy sector problems requires a comprehensive decision, both in energy production and consumption. It is therefore necessary to develop energy sector model to be able to evaluate not only the energy consumption growth and the factors affecting it directly, but also the feedback caused by the increase of the efficiency growth. The model shown in the article has been developed using system dynamic method. Latvian energy sector model consists of resources, production and consumption blocks. A separate place is taken by electricity generation hydroelectric power plants (HPP), net imports of electricity and so on. Resource blocks consist of primary energy resource blocks: petroleum products, solid fuel, wood and gas blocks. Primary energy resources are used for production of other energy forms, i.e. heat or electricity production, they are shown in the production blocks. Both the primary energy and produced energy (and electricity generated by HPP) are passed on to final consumers, who make consumer unit blocks. It consists of: transport, agriculture, households and other (industrial and services sectors) blocks. The model key role is to forecast energy consumption by separate groups, both consumers and energy resources groups; to estimate energy sector impact on environment. The model has been developed to estimate the impact of buildings thermo insulation program on Latvian economy.
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