The article presents the role of interpersonal communication in the work of a mediator. It alsso describes interpersonal skills that professional mediators need to successfully help the parties in ...conflict to work out an acceptable settlement of their problem. Additionally, examples of potential communication difficulties during mediation and ways to overcome them are suggested by the author.
Creating Your Success with ChinaThis book helps you build, and maintain, success with China. How? Through the often neglected, but vital, area of creating relationships that work and endure in ...China.Why would this matter so much in a professional or business setting, you may wonder? Because in China, the relationship always precedes the business and determines the latter's success, quality and durability. Only when relationships flourish, does success with China happen. Under investment in relationships and relationship shortcuts are among the primary reasons why good enterprises fail to succeed in China.The relationship skills advocated in this book, once adopted, will be a positive differentiator in your favor, for all your dealings with China, by equipping you with skills of sufficient depth, to ensure success in this relationship-centric culture. The book will encourage you to value these skills, and deploy them proudly in China, in the knowledge that relationship skills are the primary differentiator in this business culture. Through this valuable relationship knowledge, you will become, over time, your own cultural mediator, able to handle diverse business situations and challenges in a culturally adapted way, as they arise. This, in turn, will provide you with the confidence to build, and maintain, enterprise success with China.
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Control theory focuses upon the problems that can arise when we find ourselves being pulled in opposite directions by incompatible goals.
The effective implementation of ...behavioural activation may depend upon clients with depression being able to retain or regain the sense of control that they value.
A control theory may offer a useful alternative to the more established behavioural and cognitive approaches towards behavioural activation.
Behavioural activation is an intervention that can be used to counteract the typical patterns of withdrawal, avoidance and inactivity that characterize depression. This paper examines the processes of change that may occur during behavioural activation from the perspective of control theory. Some of the key concepts that are associated with control theory are introduced and the process of change that may occur during behavioural activation is illustrated using two case studies. The case studies provide anecdotal evidence which supports the hypothesis that the effective implementation of behavioural activation may depend upon clients being able to retain or regain the sense of control that they value. The differences between a control‐theory‐based approach and more orthodox behavioural and cognitive approaches are highlighted and the implications of these differences are discussed. Flexible approaches that are informed by control theory, may offer a useful alternative to the more established behavioural and cognitive approaches towards behavioural activation.
This article examines the increasing use of Northern Ireland as a ‘model’ for resolving conflicts. It seeks to identify what may constitute an Irish ‘model’ and to examine it in relation to three key ...aspects of existing conflict resolution theory: the timings of peace processes, the role of third parties and how to deal with ‘spoilers’. The article argues that the existing theory is currently ill-matched to both the Northern Ireland case and the ‘model’ that some have sought to extrapolate from it. It stresses the need to examine the Northern Ireland case in context if we are to learn any lessons from it that may be of use in other conflict resolution attempts.
The success of conserving biological resources in any Biosphere Reserve or protected area depends on the extent of support and positive attitudes and perceptions of local people have towards such ...establishments. Ignoring the dependence of the local people for their subsistence needs on resources of such areas leads to conflicts between protected area managers and the local inhabitants. Crop yield losses and livestock depredation were serious problems observed in most buffer zone villages of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve. In the present study 10 villages situated in the buffer zone of Nanada Devi Biosphere Reserve (1612
km
2 area) in Chamoli district of Uttaranchal, India were studied during 1996–97 using a questionnaire survey of each household (419=households; 2253=total population in 1991; 273
ha=cultivated area). Estimates of crop yield losses were made using paired plots technique in four representative villages for each crop species. The magnitude of crop yield losses varied significantly with the distance of agricultural field from forest boundary. The total crop yield losses were high for wheat and potato in all the villages. The spatial distribution of total crop yield losses in any village indicated that they were highest in the area near to forest and least in the area near to village for all crops. Losses from areas near to forest contributed to more than 50% of total losses for each crop in all villages. However, in Lata, Peng and Tolma villages, the losses are high for kidney bean and chemmi (local variety of kidney bean) which varied between 18·5% to 30% of total losses in those villages. Potato alone represents 43·6% of total crop yield loss due to wildlife in Dronagiri village in monetary terms. Among the crops, the monetary value of yield losses are least for amaranth and highest for kidney bean. The projected total value of crop yield losses due to wildlife damage for buffer zone villages located in Garhwal Himalaya is about Rs. 5
38
620 (US$ 15
389). Besides food grains, horticultural crops i.e. apple, also suffered maximum damage. Major wildlife agents responsible for crop damage were wild boar, bear, porcupine, monkey, musk deer and partridge (chokor). Monkey and wild boar alone accounted for about 50% to 60% of total crop damage in the study villages. Goat and sheep are the major livestock killed by leopard. The total value of livestock losses at prevailing market rates is about Rs. 10
24
520 (US$ 29
272) in the study villages. Due to existing conservation policies and laxity in implementation of preventive measures, the problems for local inhabitants are increasing. Potential solutions discussed emphasize the need to undertake suitable and appropriate protective measures to minimize the crop losses. Change in cropping and crop composition, particularly cultivation of medicinal plants (high value low volume crops), were also suggested. Besides, fair and quick disbursement of compensation for crop loss and livestock killing need to be adopted. Local people of the buffer zone area already have a negative attitude towards park/reserve establishment due to socio-political changes inducing major economic losses and this attitude may lead to clashes and confrontations if proper ameliorative measures are not taken immediately.
This is 21st century and we are living in 21st century. It started cause of shortening of geographical distance and bringing the nations closer. When the nations came closer they developed their ...policy to more interact with each-other for development and partnerships. When we talk about the developed and developing states we can say development and partnerships is a easy way to get wider existence and stability for developing states in international level. Development and partnerships between the nations it could be economic, political, social-cultural etc. India and Bangladesh both are the developing countries India and Bangladesh have shared common history, language, religion, culture etc. India surrounds Bangladesh, 78.86% of its border lying with India. So, its beneficial for both the countries if they start and do more developments and partnerships cooperation between each-other in 21st century.
This study aims at describing variation of meaning carried in kalembo ade as an instrument of resolving conflict among individuals and groups in Mbojo community by applying speech act analysis. Data ...were collected from speech events in Mbojo community and further analyzed descriptively. One type of speech acts was taken by considering its relevancy towards to focus of this study, i.e. expressive. Results showed that kalembo ade dealt with one of types of speech acts, i.e. Expressive type. The expression was found to reflect some actions, including condolences, apologies, greetings, thanksgivings, refusal, and congratulations. Hence, by viewing the context of usage, members of Mbojo community used this expression as an instrument in communication to resolve conflict, in which the phrase was used as tool to control verbal interaction during a speech event.
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