•Policy decision: Parliament approval can grant legitimacy to a Vision Zero policy.•Policy problem: All visions, except fire safety, state that failures in system design causes accidents.•Policy ...goal: All goal formulations are similar except suicide that stands out as more complex.•Policy measures: Physically coherent areas use engineering while care-related areas use soft measures.•Policy variation: The policy variation depends on context, such as resources, support and anchoring.
The Vision Zero policy was adopted by the Swedish parliament in 1997 as a new direction for road traffic safety. The aim of the policy is that no one should be killed or seriously injured due to traffic accidents and that the design of the road transport system should be adapted to those requirements. Vision Zero has been described as a policy innovation with a focus on the tolerance of the human body to kinetic energy and that the responsibility for road safety falls on the system designers. In Sweden, the Vision Zero terminology has spread to other safety-related areas, such as fire safety, patient safety, workplace safety and suicide. The purpose of this article is to analyze, through a comparative content analysis, each Vision Zero policy by identifying the policy decision, policy problem, policy goal, and policy measures. How a policy is designed and formulated has a direct effect on implementation and outcome. The similarities and differences between the policies give an indication of the transfer method in each case. The results show that the Vision Zero policies following the Vision Zero for road traffic contain more than merely a similar terminology, but also that the ideas incorporated in Vision Zero are not grounded within each policy area as one would expect. The study shows that it is easier to imitate formulations in a seemingly successful policy and harder to transform Vision Zero into a workable tool in each policy area.
With increasing demands for efficiency and product quality plus progress in the integration of automatic control systems in high-cost mechatronic and safety-critical processes, the field of ...supervision (or monitoring), fault detection and fault diagnosis plays an important role. The book gives an introduction into advanced methods of fault detection and diagnosis (FDD). After definitions of important terms, it considers the reliability, availability, safety and systems integrity of technical processes. Then fault-detection methods for single signals without models such as limit and trend checking and with harmonic and stochastic models, such as Fourier analysis, correlation and wavelets are treated. This is followed by fault detection with process models using the relationships between signals such as parameter estimation, parity equations, observers and principal component analysis. The treated fault-diagnosis methods include classification methods from Bayes classification to neural networks with decision trees and inference methods from approximate reasoning with fuzzy logic to hybrid fuzzy-neuro systems. Several practical examples for fault detection and diagnosis of DC motor drives, a centrifugal pump, automotive suspension and tire demonstrate applications.
The aim of this book is to show how a cultural approach can contribute to the assessment, description and improvement of safety conditions in organizations. The relationship between organizational ...culture and safety, epitomized through the concept of 'safety culture', has undoubtedly become one of the hottest topics of both safety research and practical efforts to improve safety. By combining a general framework and five research projects, the author explores and further develops the theoretical, methodological and practical basis of the study of safety culture.
Prof. Ajit Kumar Verma is Director of the International Institute of Information Technology Pune, India. He is also a professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at Indian Institute of ...Technology Bombay with a research focus on reliability engineering and quality management. He has over 180 papers in journals and in conference proceedings. He is the editor-in-chief of OPSEARCH (published by Springer) and of the International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management (also published by Springer). He is on the editorial board of various international journals. He has been a guest editor of IJRQSE, IJPE, CDQM, IJAC, etc., and has supervised 23 PhDs. His area of research is reliability and maintainability engineering. Prof. Srividya Ajit received her BE degree in 1982, her MTech in Reliability Engineering in 1985 and her PhD in 1994, from IIT Bombay. She has been with IIT Bombay since 1988 and is currently a professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at IIT Bombay with a research focus on reliability in engineering design, structural reliability and environmental effects on system reliability. Over 50 of her papers have been published in various national and international journals, and over 100 have been part of national or international conferences. She has also co-authored a book entitled Fuzzy Reliability Engineering: Concepts and Applications. She was conference chairperson of the International Conference on Reliability, Safety Hazard 2005 (Advances in Risk Informed Technology), for which she also edited the proceedings, the International Conference on Quality, Reliability and Infocom 2006, and the International Conference on Reliability, Safety and Quality Engineering 2008 (for which she also edited the proceedings). She has been instrumental in editing and reviewing the proceedings of various international conferences, such as the International Conference on Quality Reliability and Control 2001, the International Conference on Multimedia and Design 2002, and the International Conference on Quality Reliability and Information Technology 2003. She is a recipient of SREQOM`s Leadership in Reliability Engineering Education Research award. Dr. Durga Rao Karanki is presently working as a scientist at the Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland. He graduated in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from the Nagarjuna University, India, and holds MTech (Reliability Engineering) and PhD (Engg.) degrees from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur and Bombay respectively. He also completed an OCEP course in Nuclear Science and Engineering at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), India. He was with BARC as a scientist in the Reactor Safety Division during 2002-2008. He was also a visiting faculty member at the training school for the Department of Atomic Energy, India. He has been actively involved in probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) of nuclear reactors, and risk informed decision-making and its implementation in chemical and nuclear facilities. His research interests are uncertainty management in PSA, accident dynamics for integrated safety analysis, and application of Monte Carlo simulation and genetic algorithms in reliability/risk management. He has published several research papers in leading international journals and conferences, as well as being an organizing committee member of reliability and safety conferences: ICRESH 2005, ICQRIT 2006, ICRSQE 2008, and ICQRIT 2009. He is a member of the editorial board of IJSAEM. He is a recipient of SREQOM`s researcher award for his contribution to uncertainty management in PSA of NPPs.
This book is devoted to the study of univariate distributions appropriate for the analyses of data known to be nonnegative. The book includes much material from reliability theory in engineering and ...survival analysis in medicine.
Providing a practical introduction to the basic theories and principals of accident prevention through diagnosis and feedback control, this book presents the various methods and tools of safety, ...health, and environment (SHE) practice where experience feedback is employed. These include methods of accident and near accident reporting and investigati
This article highlights the Worker Protection Standard, including who must comply and details of training employees. This article also covers the four routes of entry that pesticides can enter into ...the body: dermal, oral, ocular, and inhalation . Each route contains an example of exposure, how to mitigate exposure, and first aid treatments.
Wavelets: Theory and Applications for Manufacturing presents a systematic description of the fundamentals of wavelet transform and its applications. Given the widespread utilization of rotating ...machines in modern manufacturing and the increasing need for condition-based, as opposed to fix-interval, intelligent maintenance to minimize machine down time and ensure reliable production, it is of critical importance to advance the science base of signal processing in manufacturing. This volume also deals with condition monitoring and health diagnosis of rotating machine components and systems, such as bearings, spindles, and gearboxes, while also: -Providing a comprehensive survey on wavelets specifically related to problems encountered in manufacturing -Discussing the integration of wavelet transforms with other soft computing techniques such as fuzzy logic, for machine defect and severity classification -Showing how to custom design wavelets for improved performance in signal analysis Focusing on wavelet transform as a tool specifically applied and designed for applications in manufacturing, Wavelets: Theory and Applications for Manufacturing presents material appropriate for both academic researchers and practicing engineers working in the field of manufacturing.
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