Understanding Conflict Resolution, the updated sixth edition, is a contemporary, applied, and critical Conflict Resolution textbook designed as the perfect guide for students studying Security and ...Peace and Conflict studies. With an emphasis on peace agreements between and with states and this book relies on data provided by the well-known Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), which Wallensteen founded and now has become a standard source for systematic information on conflicts, wars and peace. This new edition includes: a contemporary focus that reflects on the nature of political conflict today while retaining the extensive historical work on liberal peacebuilding stronger, more engaging starts to each chapter that will include an introduction, case, and key point summaries a greater utilisation of the UCDP data throughout. An essential introductory text that provides the foundation needed for studies in Conflict Resolution. Peter Wallensteen is Senior Professor of Peace and Conflict Research at Uppsala University and Richard G. Starmann Sr. Research Professor Emeritus of Peace Studies at the Kroc Institute, University of Notre Dame, USA.
This book focuses on urbanization and state formation in middle Tyrrhenian Italy during the first millennium BC by analyzing settlement organization and territorial patterns in Rome and Latium vetus ...from the Bronze Age to the Archaic Era. In contrast with the traditional diffusionist view, which holds that the idea of the city was introduced to the West via Greek and Phoenician colonists from the more developed Near East, this book demonstrates important local developments towards higher complexity, dating to at least the beginning of the Early Iron Age, if not earlier. By adopting a multidisciplinary and multi-theoretical framework, this book overcomes the old debate between exogenous and endogenous by suggesting a network approach that sees Mediterranean urbanization as the product of reciprocal catalyzing actions.
Making War and Building Peace examines how well United Nations peacekeeping missions work after civil war. Statistically analyzing all civil wars since 1945, the book compares peace processes that ...had UN involvement to those that didn't. Michael Doyle and Nicholas Sambanis argue that each mission must be designed to fit the conflict, with the right authority and adequate resources. UN missions can be effective by supporting new actors committed to the peace, building governing institutions, and monitoring and policing implementation of peace settlements.
Preventing humanitarian atrocities is becoming as important for the United Nations as dealing with inter-state war. In this book, Ramesh Thakur examines the transformation in UN operations, analysing ...its changing role and structure. He asks why, when and how force may be used and argues that the growing gulf between legality and legitimacy is evidence of an eroded sense of international community. He considers the tension between the US, with its capacity to use force and project power, and the UN, as the centre of the international law enforcement system. He asserts the central importance of the rule of law and of a rules-based order focused on the UN as the foundation of a civilised system of international relations. This book will be of interest to students of the UN and international organisations in politics, law and international relations departments, as well as policymakers in the UN and other NGOs.
Timely and pathbreaking, Securing the Peace is the first book to explore the complete spectrum of civil war terminations, including negotiated settlements, military victories by governments and ...rebels, and stalemates and ceasefires. Examining the outcomes of all civil war terminations since 1940, Monica Toft develops a general theory of postwar stability, showing how third-party guarantees may not be the best option. She demonstrates that thorough security-sector reform plays a critical role in establishing peace over the long term. Much of the thinking in this area has centered on third parties presiding over the maintenance of negotiated settlements, but the problem with this focus is that fewer than a quarter of recent civil wars have ended this way. Furthermore, these settlements have been precarious, often resulting in a recurrence of war. Toft finds that military victory, especially victory by rebels, lends itself to a more durable peace. She argues for the importance of the security sector--the police and military--and explains that victories are more stable when governments can maintain order. Toft presents statistical evaluations and in-depth case studies that include El Salvador, Sudan, and Uganda to reveal that where the security sector remains robust, stability and democracy are likely to follow.
В Нижнем Поволжье известно большое количество крупных поселений XIII-XV вв. Часть из них идентифицированы как золотоордынские города с имеющимися, не вызывающими сомнений, названиями. Часть ...памятников имеют только современное археологическое обозначение – городища, и вопрос об их названиях окончательно, к настоящему времени, не решен. Это, в первую очередь, касается проблемы столичных городов Золотой Орды. Окончательно решить этот вопрос на имеющихся археологических материалах и письменных источниках представляется сложным. Однако, накопленная к настоящему времени научная информация, позволяет нам предложить авторскую историко-археологическую реконструкцию структуры нижневолжского центра Золотой Орды.
A large number of large settlements of the XIII–XV centuries are known in the Lower Volga region. Some of them have been identified as Golden Horde cities with names that are beyond doubt. Some of ...the sites have only a modern archaeological designation – ancient settlements, and the issue on their names has not been definitively resolved to date. This primarily concerns the capital cities of the Golden Horde. It is difficult to finally resolve this issue on the basis of available archaeological materials and written sources. However, the scientific information accumulated to date allows us to propose an author's historical and archaeological reconstruction of the structure of the Lower Volga center of the Golden Horde.
