Water retention is one of the key soil characteristics. Available models of soil water retention relate to the curve-fitting type. The objective of this work is to suggest a physical model of water ...retention (drying branch) for soils with a rigid matrix. "Physical" means the prediction based on the a priori measured or estimated soil parameters with a clear physical meaning. We rely on the two-factor model of clay that takes into account the factors of capillarity and shrinkage. The key points of the model to be proposed are some weak pseudo shrinkage that the rigid soils demonstrate according to their experimental water retention curves, and some specific properties of the rigid grain matrix. The three input parameters for prediction of soil water retention with the rigid grain matrix include inter-grain porosity, as well as maximum and minimum grain sizes. The comparison between measured and predicted sand water retention curves for four different sands is promising.
Aiming at the small sample, more latent variables and the multicollinearity among them in the forecast modeling of warship equipment maintenance cost, a method of improving the generalization ability ...of PLS was presented, which was on the base of the partial least squares(PLS) regression with shrink-magnifying, and extended the shrinking factor more by shrinking or magnifying the inputs of different sample to different extent, in which the cross training between training set and testing set was implemented. Further more, the foregoing modeling process was applied to the forecast modeling of warship equipment maintenance cost, in which the genetic algorithm was used to seek the best shrinking factor vector. Finally, by comparing with the PLS which distills one, two and three principal components and PLS with shrink-magnifying approach, the method presented in this paper demonstrates the best.
This Chapter is a review of various quantum cloning machines. The author focuses on several well-studied quantum cloning machines: universal quantum cloning machines, phase-covariant quantum cloning ...machines, asymmetric quantum cloning machines, and probabilistic quantum cloning machines.
Solution molar masses and conformations of glycogens from different sources (rabbit, oyster, mussel and bovine) were analysed using sedimentation velocity in the analytical ultracentrifuge, ...size-exclusion chromatography coupled to multi-angle laser light scattering (SEC-MALLS), size-exclusion chromatography coupled to a differential pressure viscometer and dynamic light scattering. Rabbit, oyster and mussel glycogens consisted of one population of high molar mass (weight averages ranging from 4.6
×
10
6 to 1.1
×
10
7
g/mol) as demonstrated by sedimentation velocity and SEC-MALLS, whereas bovine glycogen had a bimodal distribution of significantly lower molar mass (1.0
×
10
5 and 4.5
×
10
5
g/mol). The spherical structure of all glycogen molecules was demonstrated in the slopes of the Mark–Houwink–Kuhn–Sakurada-type power-law relations for sedimentation coefficient
(
s
20
,w
o
)
, intrinsic viscosity (
η), radius of gyration (
r
g,
z
) and radius of hydration (
r
H,
z
), respectively, and was further supported by the
ρ (=
r
g,
z
/
r
H,
z
) function, the fractal dimension and the Perrin function. The degree of branching was estimated to be ∼10% from the shrinking factors,
g′ (=
η
branched/
η
linear) and also
h (=(
f/
f
o)
branched/(
f/
f
o)
linear), respectively, where (
f/
f
o) is the translational frictional ratio, consistent with expectation.
Solution molar masses and conformations of glycogens from different sources (rabbit, oyster, mussel and bovine) were analysed using sedimentation velocity in the analytical ultracentrifuge, ...size-exclusion chromatography coupled to multi-angle laser light scattering (SEC-MALLS), size-exclusion chromatography coupled to a differential pressure viscometer and dynamic light scattering. Rabbit, oyster and mussel glycogens consisted of one population of high molar mass (weight averages ranging from 4.6 x 10(6) to 1.1 x 10(7) g/mol) as demonstrated by sedimentation velocity and SEC-MALLS, whereas bovine glycogen had a bimodal distribution of significantly lower molar mass (1.0 x 10(5) and 4.5 x 10(5) g/mol). The spherical structure of all glycogen molecules was demonstrated in the slopes of the Mark-Houwink-Kuhn-Sakurada-type power-law relations for sedimentation coefficient(So20,w) intrinsic viscosity (η), radius of gyration (rg,z) and radius of hydration (rH,z), respectively, and was further supported by the ρ (=rg,z/rH,z) function, the fractal dimension and the Perrin function. The degree of branching was estimated to be approximately 10% from the shrinking factors, g' (=ηbranched/ηlinear) and also h (=(f/fo)branched/(f/fo)linear), respectively, where (f/fo) is the translational frictional ratio, consistent with expectation.
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