Archaeological studies have made it possible to identify the original settings where these pieces were used, to propose chronological relations, and to discuss their traditional categorization as ...rocks exclusively associated with the cult of ancestors. The results allow to state that the manufacture and circulation of these objects took place mostly during the first half of the first Millennium, within a context of emergence and consolidation of village life, and that they acted as ordering entities in household routines and relationships. Intervened rocks, archaeological context, social settings, Northwest of Argentina. Estudios recientes en el área revalidan la idea de que estas estelas habrían sido concebidas como presencias ancestrales que ordenaban el espacio y el tiempo social y que a través de ellas es posible dilucidar arqueológicamente las prácticas de hacer lo ancestral (Lazzari et al. 2015).
With growing recognition that bullying is a complex phenomenon, influenced by multiple factors, research findings to date have been understood within a social-ecological framework. Consistent with ...this model, we review research on the known correlates and contributing factors in bullying/victimization within the individual, family, peer group, school and community. Recognizing the fluid and dynamic nature of involvement in bullying, we then expand on this model and consider research on the consequences of bullying involvement, as either victim or bully or both, and propose a social-ecological, diathesis-stress model for understanding the bullying dynamic and its impact. Specifically, we frame involvement in bullying as a stressful life event for both children who bully and those who are victimized, serving as a catalyst for a diathesis-stress connection between bullying, victimization, and psychosocial difficulties. Against this backdrop, we suggest that effective bullying prevention and intervention efforts must take into account the complexities of the human experience, addressing both individual characteristics and history of involvement in bullying, risk and protective factors, and the contexts in which bullying occurs, in order to promote healthier social relationships.
Relationships are at the center of the human social environment, and their quality and longevity are now recognized to have particular relevance for health. The goal of this article is to bring ...attention to the role of culture in how relationships, particularly close relationships and family relationships, influence health. To this end, 2 contexts that are characterized by 2 distinct forms of cultural collectivism (East Asian and Latino) are spotlighted to highlight the unique patterns that underlie broader cultural categories (e.g., collectivism). In addition, related research on other understudied cultures and nonethnic or nonnational forms of culture (e.g., social class, religion) is also discussed. The review centers on social support, a key pathway through which relationships shape psychological and physical health, as the psychological process that has received the most empirical attention in this area. Overall, it is clear that new and more systematic approaches are needed to generate a more comprehensive, novel, and inclusive understanding of the role of culture in relationship processes that shape health. Three recommendations are offered for researchers and professionals to generate and incorporate knowledge of culture-specific relationship processes into their understanding of health.
The fifth wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong (2022) had brought a series of chaos to society. Nevertheless, its Asian neighbours, namely Singapore and Macao, have avoided such chaos. By investigating the ...well-rounded preventive measures and social environment in Singapore and Macao, this article highlights the Hong Kong government’s “idleness”. It reveals that the relationship between a government and its people does play a significant role in operating COVID-19 measures, which could directly prevent a large-scale outbreak.
ABSTRACT
Variation in extra‐pair paternity (EPP) among individuals of the same population could result from stochastic demography or from individual differences in mating strategies. Although the ...adaptive value of EPP has been widely studied, much less is known about the characteristics of the social environment that drive the observed patterns of EPP. Here, we demonstrate how concepts and well‐developed tools for the study of social behaviour (such as social network analysis) can enhance the study of extra‐pair mating decisions (focussing in particular on avian mating systems). We present several hypotheses that describe how characteristics of the social environment in which individuals are embedded might influence the levels of EPP in a socially monogamous population. We use a multi‐level social approach (Hinde, 1976) to achieve a detailed description of the social structure and social dynamics of individuals in a group. We propose that the pair‐bond, the direct (local) social environment and the indirect (extended) social environment, can contribute in different ways to the variation observed in the patterns of EPP, at both the individual and the population level. A strength of this approach is that it integrates into the analysis (indirect) interactions with all potential mates in a population, thus extending the current framework to study extra‐pair mating behaviour. We also encourage the application of social network methods such as temporal dynamic analysis to depict temporal changes in the patterns of interactions among individuals in a group, and to study how this affects mating behaviour. We argue that this new framework will contribute to a better understanding of the proximate mechanisms that drive variation in EPP within populations in socially monogamous species, and might ultimately provide insights into the evolution and maintenance of mating systems.
This study specifically looked at how the social environment affects student achievement at SMA PGRI Kupang. The objective of this study was to explain the relationship between social environment and ...learning achievement at SMA PGRI Kupang. An ex post facto quantitative method was used to examine the relationship between social environment and children's learning achievement. The data were collected using a form of questionnaires and documentation through 14 students (XI IPS) as samples. The data was analyzed using some techniques, including; descriptive statistical analysis, mean analysis, average value analysis, and correlation analysis to test the hypothesis. The product-moment correlation test was a statistical analysis technique. This study found a strong link between children's learning achievement and their social environment. One of the factors of success was determined by the social environment. As a result, SMA PGRI Kupang had a bad environment that can affect learning activities and lower children's learning achievement. Based on the data analysis, 0.73 at a 5% significance level, and rtable score was 0.24. This means that the value is greater than the rtable value, with 0.73 greater than 0.24. The first hypothesis (Ho) was accepted, while the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was rejected.
Introduction Flaskerud, Ingvild
Anthropology of the Middle East,
06/2022, Letnik:
17, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Peoples’ practising of religious ritual is never isolated from the social and political setting in which it takes place. It is therefore inevitable that ritual practice somehow contends with the ...current social context. Examining Muslim ritual practices across the Middle East, the authors of the articles in this special issue discuss religious ritual as a tool for accomplishing something in the real world. They provide examples of which social concerns are addressed in ritual practice, who is involved and how the ritual practice is affected. The studies show that current ritual practices are embedded in multi-actor social spaces, and they also reflect on the ritual as a multi-actor space where the power to define ritual form, meaning and importance shifts between different categories of actors.
In this introduction to the EJSP Special Issue on conspiracy theories as a social psychological phenomenon, we describe how this emerging research domain has developed over the past decade and ...distill four basic principles that characterize belief in conspiracy theories. Specifically, conspiracy theories are consequential as they have a real impact on people's health, relationships, and safety; they are universal in that belief in them is widespread across times, cultures, and social settings; they are emotional given that negative emotions and not rational deliberations cause conspiracy beliefs; and they are social as conspiracy beliefs are closely associated with psychological motivations underlying intergroup conflict. We then discuss future research and possible policy interventions in this growing area of enquiry.
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