The aim of this study is to draw a prediction model for the return of spa tourist based on lifestyle clusters. This was done in two related steps. In the first step, Abdi and Kajbaf lifestyle ...questionnaire was used, which its reliability and validity were verified through Cronbach's alpha and first and second confirmatory factor analysis respectively. The views of 391 tourists were gathered on 10 dimensions of lifestyle. Then using cluster analysis, K mean obtained and based on Davis-Bouldin index, optimum cluster were acquired. Spa tourists were classified in three clusters. In the second step, using profound semi-structured interviews with tourists, 14 effective indicators were identified for their re-travel. Using Decision tree method, the decision models of return of tourists designed and the rules if-then related to each cluster were extracted. The results showed that the tourists in the first cluster are highly sensitive to travel costs such as the cost of accommodation and the cost of the spring, for the tourists in the second cluster, the health factors of the spring, security facilities, and employees’ behavior are the priorities for decision making. Finally, in the pattern of the decision of tourists in the third cluster, three indicators of spring health, accommodation facilities, and counseling and medical facilities are of great importance
The present study aimed to delineate overseas travelers' behavioral intention formation for revisiting and recommending Thailand for wellness spa tourism. In addition, cross-cultural differences were ...examined between Chinese and US travelers. Our results successfully built a sturdy framework linking the second-order structure of wellness spa quality, price perception, brand loves, and behavioral intentions in sequence. Moreover, this research successfully deepened their behavioral intention generation process by adding the significant moderating impact of culture (Chinese and US travelers). Our findings help Thailand destination marketers improve its destination competitiveness using wellness spa tourism as a tool.
Sustainable tourism, carried out on spa tourism enterprises, is a key issue that requires the combination of the implementation of economic goals of business activity and, at the same time, the ...limitation of negative influences on the tourist areas, which are valuable from the point of nature. The main objective of this article and, at the same time, the objective of theoretical–cognitive and empirical research, is to find links and mutual relations between the entities carrying out tourist and therapeutic activity in health resorts in a model approach, taking into account sustainable tourism elements. The implementation of the goal will be carried out on the basis of empirical studies, covering business models of 17 of the largest health resorts in Poland. The article describes relations occurring in the health resort environment and defines a model of relations between health resort enterprises and other entities functioning within this sector. The network approach of the studied issue is analyzed from the point of view of relations found in the complementary cooperation of entities, among which one is ready to implement the benefit and others express their need for the said benefit and are willing to be its recipients. The network relation of the second type, where the entities combine their forces to meet a common goal, is presented in the form of exemplification of the health resort enterprise network in the Polish market.
The quality of employees' work in the tourism industry depends primarily on their job satisfaction. This has directed the subject of the research in this paper to examine the impact of employee ...satisfaction on tourist satisfaction with the services of spa tourism in the Republic of Serbia. Research was conducted using the survey method, the questionnaire technique, in Lukovska Spa, based on a sample of 125 respondents, of which 55 were employees and 70 tourists / guests in hotels 'Jelak' and 'Kopaonik'. The most important finding of the research is related to the correlation between the employee satisfaction and the tourist satisfaction with the quality of service in Lukovska Spa, which confirmed the hypothesis of the direct and positive impact of employee satisfaction on the tourist satisfaction with the quality of services. Employee satisfaction has a positive impact on the quality of the service, which directly affects the tourist satisfaction with the quality of the services provided.
Natural healing resources in the form of mineral and thermal waters and climatic conditions, together with a rich history and modern medical procedures, rank Slovakia among the important European ...countries in the field of spas. At the same time, spa tourism has a significant economic benefit for the country. This study examined the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on spa tourism in Slovakia. The Box-Jenkins methodology was used to model and forecast the time series for selected indicators. The analysis used monthly data on the capacity and performance of spa facilities for 2006–2019 and compared the forecast development for 2020–2021 with the reality as affected by the pandemic. Despite the high quality of the models, the methodology used did not take into account an unexpected event such as a pandemic. Therefore, the models were quite inaccurate and had little predictive value. At the same time, it is clear that the pandemic significantly affected spa tourism.
Spa tourism in Serbia has a considerable tourist potential. Today there is a strong competition on the tourist market, particularly among destinations in spa tourism. Competitiveness of any tourist ...destination, in particular a spa tourism desti¬nation, greatly depends on key attributes of tourism supply. This paper includes the result of a study which was carried out in order to improve tourists' perception of the importance of the attributes of tourism supply in Vrnjacka Banja. By reviewing the literature, attributes were extracted and grouped into factors in order to decide which groups had the greatest importance in the minds of spa tourists. There were six factors in total. After that and based on t-test, a statistically significant difference between the tourists who plan to visit Vrnjacka Banja again and to recommend this tourist destina¬tion and those who do not was determined according to their attitudes towards these factors. Finally, using ANOVA test, the study proves a statistically significant differ¬ence related to the attributes depending on how long the tourists stayed in Vrnjacka Banja. By recognizing the key attributes of a spa tourist destination in the spa tourists' perception, organizations and individuals who are responsible for the development of tourism will be able to form a supply which suits tourists' needs best, while achieving a high-level competitiveness on the tourist market at the same time.
The Alhama de Granada spa is a space resource with a strong historical use. The properties of its mineral-medicinal waters have aroused the curiosity of many people. For that reason, in the last ...centuries the lands of Alhama have welcomed different civilizations in search of thermal cures in their spa. However, use of these salubrious waters has also been marked by greed and litigation. In this document, firstly the geographical context and the historical uses of the water in the Alhama de Granada spa are collected and secondly, the different phases of the legal regime and ownership of the water are described. In this way, the objective is to carry out a geohistorical analysis of the use of the mineral-medicinal waters of the Alhama spa and its legislative framework in order to draw conclusions related to the current situation of the resource and local development.
La station thermale d'Alhama de Granada est une ressource territoriale avec une utilisation historique marquée. Les propriétés de ses eaux minéralo-médicinales ont suscité la curiosité de beaucoup de personnes, c'est pourquoi, au fil des siècles, les terres d'Alhama ont accueilli différentes civilisations dans leur station thermale à la recherche d'une cure thermale. Cependant, l'utilisation de ces eaux salutaires a également été marquée par la cupidité et les litiges. Dans ce document, d'une part, le contexte géographique et les utilisations historiques de l'eau de la station thermale d'Alhama de Granada sont rassemblés et, d'autre part, les différentes phases du régime juridique et de la propriété des eaux sont décrites. De cette façon, l'objectif est de faire une analyse géohistorique de l'utilisation des eaux minéralo-médicinales de la station thermale d'Alhama et de son cadre législatif afin d'établir des conclusions liées à la situation actuelle de la ressource et le développement local.
Le terme dell'Alhama de Granada sono una risorsa territoriale con un marcato uso storico. Le proprietà delle sue acque minerali-medicinali hanno suscitato la curiosità di molti, ecco perché, nei secoli, le terre di Alhama hanno accolto nelle loro terme diverse civiltà alla ricerca di una cura termale. Tuttavia, l'uso di queste acque salutari è stato segnato anche dall'avidità e dal contenzioso. In questo documento, in primo luogo, vengono raccolti il contesto geografico e gli usi storici delle acque delle terme di Alhama de Granada e, in secondo luogo, vengono descritte le diverse fasi del regime giuridico e della proprietà delle acque. In tal modo, l'obiettivo è quello di effettuare un'analisi geostorica dell'uso delle acque minerali-medicinali delle terme di Alhama e del suo quadro normativo al fine di trarre conclusioni relative alla situazione attuale della risorsa e dello sviluppo locale.
A estância termal da Alhama de Granada é um recurso territorial com uma marcada utilização histórica. As propriedades das suas águas mineromedicinais despertaram a curiosidade de muitos, razão pela qual, ao longo dos séculos, as terras de Alhama acolheram nas suas termas diversas civilizações em busca de uma cura termal. No entanto, o uso dessas águas salutares também tem sido marcado pela ganância e pelo litígio. Neste documento, em primeiro lugar, são recolhidos o contexto geográfico e os usos históricos da água das termas de Alhama de Granada e, em segundo lugar, são descritas as diferentes fases do regime jurídico e da titularidade das águas. Desta forma, pretende-se fazer uma análise geohistórica da utilização das águas mineromedicinais da estância termal de Alhama e do seu enquadramento legislativo de forma a estabelecer conclusões relacionadas com a situação atual do recurso e o desenvolvimento local.
El balneario de Alhama de Granada es un recurso territorial con un marcado uso histórico. Las propiedades de sus aguas mineromedicinales han despertado la curiosidad de muchos, por tanto a lo largo de los siglos las tierras de Alhama han acogido en su balneario a diferentes civilizaciones que buscaban la cura termal. Sin embargo, el uso de estas aguas salutíferas también ha estado marcado por la codicia y los litigios. En este documento se recogen en primer lugar el contexto geográfico y los usos históricos del agua del balneario de Alhama de Granada y, en segundo lugar, se describen las diferentes fases del régimen jurídico y titularidad de las aguas. De esta forma, el objetivo es hacer un análisis geohistórico del uso de las aguas mineromedicinales del balneario de Alhama y de su marco legislativo con el fin de establecer conclusiones relacionadas con la situación del recurso en la actualidad.
The article deals with the financing of spa undertakings through the health insurance system. The analysis is based on the financial statements of 28 spa undertakings operating in the Slovak ...Republic, their contracts with the individual health insurance companies and secondary data sources (accommodation statistics of these undertakings, the number of medical stays paid by clients themselves and of those covered by public health insurance, the spa treatment expenditure of the health insurance companies, the percentage of this expenditure out of the total expenditure spent by the health insurance companies on health care). The still significant percentage of revenues from the health insurance companies out of the total revenues of spa undertakings shows the prevalence of the medical nature of spa care. At the same time, it reflects the current tax measures related to the spa industry and shows that the introduction of a recreation allowance might influence the future development of spa care.
The use of springs is becoming increasingly important in tourism. There are many springs in Western Kazakhstan that can be used to develop various types of tourism. Springs can be used for health, ...ecological, religious and other types of tourism. Today, health and spa tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of world tourism. The historical and cultural heritage, and biodiversity associated with the springs also fascinate people, and many of them can become unique tourist destinations with high visual impact. The article gives characteristics of springs, self-flowing artesian wells, underground cave lakes of Western Kazakhstan and indicates their tourist potential for travellers and local. However, despite the high recreational potential of springs, tourism as a whole is not developed enough to provide quality tourism services and attract a large number of tourists to the region. An analysis of the tradition of tourist use of springs has been carried out and the main types of modern recreation are justified based on an assessment of the tourist potential of springs.
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