New grounding system of wind turbines Kargar, H.K.; Sedighizadeh, M.; Mosavi, A.
2008 43rd International Universities Power Engineering Conference,
2008-Sept.
Conference Proceeding
In this paper a new method for grounding system of wind turbines will be proposed. The proposed method will decrease the step voltage, touch voltage and grounding resistance of the grounding system ...of wind turbine in compare with the traditional method. The method will be analyzed by a finite element program written in MATLAB. For analyzing and comparing the new method with the conventional method, a case study in accordance with VESTAS turbine will be explained.
A large number of grounding grids in substations have shapes other than a square or a rectangle, whereas the simplified formulas for mesh and step voltages available in the literature are derived for ...square or rectangular grids. Improvements in the simplified equations for determining mesh and step voltages are presented. With the modified simple equations, mesh and step voltages at a substation of any practical shape can be estimated with reasonable accuracy. The results obtained with the improved equations have been compared with accurate results obtained via computer. The error in the values obtained with the derived equations is within 16% for mesh voltage and less than 30% for step voltage.< >
The main goal of this work is to analyze the soil ionization effects in different types of grounding grids. The analysis was performed by implementing a software based on the FDTD method, for ...modeling the non-linear behavior of the ground due the application of high intensity lightning currents. Step voltages on the soil surface were calculated from the border of the grounding grid to a point 1 m away from it. The ionization influence is determined by comparing the results to data obtained by modeling linear ground. The obtained results are physically consistent.
This paper analyzes the performance of grounding system that is made of copper conductors and significantly influenced by soil resistivity. The grounding performance is evaluated in terms of ground ...potential rise, touch voltage and step voltage caused by a short circuit that generates a flow of large currents in the aboveground structures and grounding system and dissipates in the soil. These currents may cause damage to substation equipment and may be dangerous to personnel working nearby. Safety design planning for step and touch voltage for the existing fault level and future fault levels are presented for utility applications where personnel hazards may exist. Modeling and simulation is carried out on the Current Distribution Electromagnetic interference Grounding and Soil structure (CDEGS) program. The safety design planning is illustrated by a practical case of ground grid design for the 69/12-24 kV, indoor-type Pathumwan substation of Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA).
This paper presents modern techniques to study step voltage regulator (SVR) - distributed generation (DG) interactions in distribution systems using electromagnetic transient programs. Digital models ...represent physical characteristics of both SVR and DG and the associated control systems. These modeling techniques may effectively simulate realistic aspects of SVR and DG real time operations.
The touch voltage and the step voltage in the case of a broken conductor from a medium voltage network is analyzed in this paper. The distribution of the electric field in the area of the broken and ...grounded conductor is studied using a FEM program.
In this paper different grounding systems of wind turbines will be proposed. For each grounding system the step and touch voltage will be obtained and the entire grounding system will be analyzed by ...boundary element method. The paper introduces a new grounding system which decreases the step voltage, touch voltage and grounding resistance. The MATLAB is used for programming and simulation of the proposed grounding system. Finally, a case study in accordance with VESTAS wind turbine grounding system will be investigated.
Bar code label requirements for specific types of distribution transformers and step-voltage regulators are covered in this standard. Data content for temporary and permanent bar-code labeling is ...described as well as bar-code label print quality and durability requirements.
Bar code label requirements for specific types of distribution transformers and step-voltage regulators are covered in this standard. Data content for temporary and permanent bar-code labeling is ...described as well as bar-code label print quality and durability requirements.
Bar code label requirements for specific types of distribution transformers and step-voltage regulators are covered in this standard. Data content for temporary and permanent bar-code labeling is described as well as bar-code label print quality and durability requirements.
Bar code label requirements for specific types of distribution transformers and step-voltage regulators are covered in this standard. Data content for temporary and permanent bar-code labeling is ...described as well as bar-code label print quality and durability requirements.
