Background. The paper deals with understanding success in terms of generation value gap, transitivity and high social uncertainty as a component of self-determination of an individual acquires ...particular relevance, determining the vector of a person’s personal development. The Objective of this research is to study the ideas of modern adolescents about success linked with self-esteem and assessment of their own success in significa nt spheres of life, i.e. education career and interpersonal relations. The study is based on the assumption that the notions of success as self-development will be associated with a higher level of self-esteem and assessment of success in adolescents. Design. The study involved 500 adolescents (291 girls and 209 young men), students of the 10th and 11th grades of schools and gymnasiums (average age 16 years), Moscow, Russia. To study the ideas of adolescents about success, Adolescent Representations of Success (ARS) questionnaire was developed. To study the self-esteem of adolescents, the method of Dembo-Rubinstein was used in the modification A.M. Prihozhan, as well as a purposefully designed questionnaire to study indirect evaluation of success. Results Three models of success that characterize the attitude of adolescents to the success are identified: success as social recognition, success as fulfillment of external social requirements, and success as self-development and self-actualization. The differences in the self-esteem of adolescents with different ideas about success are revealed. Conclusion. The research confirmed the hypothesis and showed that varying perception of success in adolescents is closely related to self-esteem and evaluation of their own success. Understanding success as self-development and self-actualization is associated with a higher level of self-esteem and assessment of own success which promotes psychological well-being in general. Adolescents who share a model of success as fulfillment of external social requirements associate success with achieving goals with overcoming obstacles and satisfaction with results and place value on luck. For adolescents who are focused on the model of success as social recognition it is typical to place value on their personal authority among the peers, thus having high assessment rates of their success as a whole.
The paper is devoted to the search for mechanisms for the successfulness formation as the basis for the harmonious development of the personality of schoolchildren in modern education system. The ...modern “Pepsi” generation is apathetic and not resilient in its large part. Young people are less and less eager to succeed in their educational and professional activities, and they are giving up their career and active life in society. Not finding confirmation of their importance in the official group, they seek success in informal associations, often asocial ones. The authors conducted a theoretical review of the latest scientific and practical publications and an empirical study on a sample of ninth-grade students. We selected tools and methods for obtaining information in the form of methods of observation, analysis of the result of educational activities, conversations, and surveys, and used the poorly formalized “unfinished sentences” methodology to study the educational success of adolescents.
In double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antidepressants, blinding can be broken due to the apparent side effects, and unsuccessful blinding can lead to overestimation of effect sizes. ...New generation antidepressants with less severe side effects may be less susceptible to broken blinding. However, successfulness of blinding in new generation antidepressant trials and its influence on trial effect size estimates remain unclear.
Extending a previous systematic review assessing blinding successfulness in psychiatric trials (2000-2010), we searched PubMed/Medline for double-blinded antidepressant RCTs (2010-2020) for trials assessing blinding success. Our primary outcome was the degree of blinding successfulness, measured as kappa statistics between guesses and true allocations. We used random-effects meta-analysis to synthesize studies. We used meta-regression and Pearson's r to examine the relationship between blinding success and effect sizes. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021249973).
Among 154 eligible studies, 11 (7·1%) contained information on blinding assessment between 2010 and 2020. Five studies were added from the previous review, and altogether nine of the 16 studies provided usable data. Agreement in individual studies ranged from κ=-0·14 to 0·38. The summary agreement between guesses and the truth was 0·21 (95% CI: 0·14 to 0·28) among patients and 0·17 (95% CI: 0·05 to 0·30) among assessors. Blinding success was not associated with effect size (patients: r = 0·37, p = 0·32; assessors: r = 0·28; p = 0·72). Meta-regression also failed to find a significant relationship between blinding success and depression effect sizes (β=0·06, p = 0·09).
Less than 10% of the antidepressant RCTs reported blinding assessment. The results in new generation antidepressant trials indicated that patients and assessors were unlikely to be able to judge treatment allocation. There was little evidence that the extent of unblinding biased the effect size estimates of new generation antidepressants.
None.
The purpose is to examine correlations between the coach's personal and professional qualities and junior athletes with different levels of self-efficacy (n=103). Methods: correlation and cluster ...analyses, valid psycho-diagnostic methods, coefficients for establishing statistical significance. Results. Self-efficacy was studied as a factor of successfulness in sporting activities and an indispensable component of professional training for junior athletes. The meaning of "subject activity" (SA) and "interpersonal communication" (IC) as components of junior athletes' self-efficacy was examined. A statistically significant correlation (p<.05; p<.01) of the coach's qualities and SA (t = -11.905; p=.000) and IC (t = -2.222; p=.040) was established. There were statistically significant differences in manifestation of self-efficacy of the junior athletes in Group 1 and Group 2 by scale SA (t = -11.905; p=.000); Group I and Group II by scale IC (t = -2.222, p=040). The research shows that athletes' evaluation of the coach's personal and professional qualities is an important factor in the formation of self-efficacy both in the area of "subject activity" and in the area "interpersonal communication". Junior athletes with a high level of self-efficacy by the criterion SA (Group 1) and IC (Group I) evaluate the coach's personal and professional qualities at a high level by the following parameters: the gnostic parameter (M!=5.78±.66; M2=5.00±.866); the emotional parameter (Mi=6.22±1.98; M2=7.33±.707); the behavioral parameter (Mi=6.56±l .59; M2=6.8±l .33). Junior athletes with a low level of self-efficacy by the criterion SA (Group 2) and IC (Group II) evaluated the coach's role in their success in the following way: the gnostic parameter (M!=3.64±.505; M2=4.27±.1.42); the emotional parameter (1^=5.22*1.37; M2=4.18±.603); the behavioral parameter (Mi=5.0±1.48; M2=4.64±.1.12). Pearson's (R) correlation analysis allowed finding that evaluation of the coach's professional qualities (R= 259; p<.01) and relationships between junior athletes and the coach (R=.178; p<.05) are important for the formation of self-efficacy related to sport qualification upgrading SA. The development of self-efficacy related to interpersonal communication IC depends on affection for the coach's personality (R=.301; p<.01) and real relationships between junior athletes and the coach (R=.261; p<.01). Conclusions. It is generalized that the understanding of the role of the coach's personal and professional qualities in increasing self-efficacy will contribute to better organization of sports pedagogical process, the development of skills in mutual constructive activity for achieving high sport results. Research on relationships "coach-athletes" is considered to be promising in the context of improving the coach's qualification and the formation of "team self-efficacy" in young athletes.
The review of modern studies on the issue of professional burnout in young doctors and medical residents revealed the highest emotional distress in young residents doing internships in intensive care ...and emergency units. The paper presents the results of the study on 143 medical residents in the multi-profile hospital of emergency medicine. The methodical complex used included Maslach Burnout Inventory, Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised (SCL-90-R) by L. Derogatis, and a survey on the attitude to professional troubles. Most young doctors pointed out the close relationship between problems with physical health and emotional wellbeing to their professional activity. The vast majority of the participants met the criteria for burnout, as indicated by high emotional exhaustion (69%) and depersonalization (85%) indications from the Maslach Inventory. Although most residents didn’t endorse any problems in communicating with the patients, their high level of depersonalization is more likely to attest to formalizing their relationships with the patients as opposed to having high social competence. The yielded results let us conclude that it is necessary to develop and implement into training programs for medical residents of the multi-profile hospital of emergency medicine programs promoting their communication competence, coping with distress, and preventing professional burnout.
Обзор современных исследований по проблеме профессионального выгорания молодых врачей и врачей-ординаторов показал, что наиболее высокие показатели эмоционального неблагополучия выявлены у молодых врачей, проходящих резидентуру в отделениях интенсивной терапии и скорой медицинской помощи. В статье приводятся результаты исследования 143 врачей-ординаторов многопрофильного скоропомощного стационара. Комплекс методик включал опросник профессионального выгорания К. Маслач, опросник психопатологической симптоматики SCL-90-R и анкету об отношении к профессиональным трудностям. Большинство молодых врачей отметили тесную связь проблем с физическим здоровьем и эмоциональным благополучием со своей профессиональной деятельностью. Подавляющее большинство опрошенных соответствуют высоким показателям выгорания по шкалам эмоционального истощения (69%) и деперсонификаци (85%) опросника К. Маслач. Хотя большинство врачей- ординаторов не отметили наличие каких-либо проблем в коммуникации с пациентами, высокий уровень деперсонификации у подавляющего большинства респондентов может свидетельствовать не о высокой социальной компетентности молодых врачей, а о формализации их отношений с пациентами. Полученные данные позволяют сделать вывод о необходимости разработки и внедрения в практику обучения врачей-ординаторов многопрофильного скоропомощного стационара мер, способствующих повышению их коммуникативной компетентности, преодолению дистресса и профилактике профессионального выгорания.
Introduction : The succeeded of the tuberculosis treatment depends on the obedience of the patient in taking the tuberculosis’s medication assisted by the direct observed treatment shortcourse (DOTS) ...to refrain resistancy and dropping out of the program. The aimed of this study was to analyze the correlation between DOTS’s role with the successfullness of lung’s tuberculosis treatment program at Bajawa city.Methods : A cross sectional simple random sampling design was used in this study. Population were all the Direct Observed Treatment Supervisors and patients who have had finished their treatment of tuberculosis. Sample were 43 respondents. The independent variables in this study were the role of the DOTSs, education level, family support, motivation and the DOTSs attitude. The dependent variables were the patient’s obedience in taking medication and the evaluation of the acid fast bacterias in their sputum. Data were collected by using questionnaire and observation sputum the to evaluate acid fast bacteria. Data were analyzed by using Spearman Rho with significance level with α<0.05.Results : The result showed that role of the DOTSs had significance correlation with the succeeding program of tuberculosis (r=0.023), education level had significance correlation (r=0.043), family support as the DOTS had significance correlation (r=0.021), motivation (r=0.032) and attitude (r=0.014).Conclusion: It can be concluded that the role of the DOTS has correlation with succesing tuberculosis treatment. Discussion : The role of PMO cause the succesfully of Tb treatment for the community in Bajawa City, Ngada NTT.
Features of Students Ideas about Life Success Stroyanovska, Olena; Dolynska, Liubov; Shevchenko, Nataliia ...
Brain. Broad research in artificial intelligence and neuroscience,
03/2021, Letnik:
12, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The article presents the results of the analysis of scientific research studying the problem of life success and the features of the ideas about it among students of different genders and ...specialties. The features of understanding of success, successfulness, success in life, as well as the process of achieving it, which is determined by personal motivation for changes and development, accompanied by the energy status of activity, a positive emotional state, leading to the achievement of the desired goal in a certain area of social life and the well-being of the individual, have been determined. The results of the ascertaining experiment confirm the research assumption that the peculiarities of students' ideas about success in life are determined by their gender and the choice of professional specialization. It was found that girls and boys mainly focus on material values, their own self-realization and career growth, which can hinder the maximum comprehensive implementation and high quality of life of the individual in the future. Achieving goals and money as part of life's success are often high on the minds of students, regardless of their specialization. The exceptions are lawyers, for whom self-realization is more important, TV journalists, for whom money comes first, and actors, for whom the most important thing is to satisfy their needs and respect others. Most students assess their level of life success as medium or low, which can reduce their level of motivation, self-esteem, self-efficacy in the implementation of aspirations and requires the development of special psychological recipes to optimize the process of achieving their life success.
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