The description of the modern German fixed phrase scheme «Warum + Verb + Pron1!(?)» is given in this article. The relevance of the study is explained by the absence of the research of the object ...space as well as its high importance for the practice of communication. The various scientific methods were used. The fixed phrase scheme «Warum + Verb + Pron1!(?)» is described in the structural, semantic, etymological, paradigmatic, syntagmatic, stylistic, phraseological and functional aspects. The phraseological status of it and its belonging to the phraseological subsystem of language are proved. The scheme has two required components, it is characterized by the indicators of reproducibility, structural-semantic stability and integrity, idiomaticity and expressiveness, has a fixed structure serving as a model to build similar sentences-statements. In general the scheme «Warum + Verb + Pron1!(?)» is frequent enough in the practice of speech communication, due to its system and functional characteristics. Its use in colloquial speech increases the efficiency of the communication process, gives it a relaxed character.
The research of syntactic phraseological units, communikemes in particular (in another terminology – phrase-sentence), corresponds to the contemporary scientific paradigm, targeted on the ...investigation of communicative-functional and anthropocentric aspects of linguistic units from the prospective of different discursive practices. The most part of communikemes is derivative. Their specific features are determined by the peculiarities of the productive base. That is why the communikemes research in the etymological aspect provides insight into the essence of their linguistic nature and the rules of speech realization. One of peculiarities of communikemes with «evaluative» meaning is their derivational activity that appears in the process of functioning in the discourse. It is determined by the indifference of evaluative meaning to the grammatical part of a linguistic unit as well as by the domination of such tendencies as economy and expressivity in the colloquial speech. The communikemes based on the complete sentence model (simple non-phraseologized interrogative, affirmative and imperative sentence, complex non-phraseologized and phraseologized ones) are characterized by this phenomenon. The derivative relations in non-phraseologized sentences are built according to the actual division principle, in phraseologized syntactic constructions the compulsory changeable component substituted for the lexeme with generalized semantics is used for derivative development purposes. This phenomenon is mostly typical for the sentences of the phraseologized type. For the same reason the evaluative communikemes use the greater number of derivative models than, for example, the communikemes with the positive/negative meaning. Thus, the low degree of dependence from the form leads to the greater lability of evaluative communikemes and indicates the lower phraseologization degree, it differs them from the communikemes with the positive/negative meaning. In this connection, the study of different groups of communikemes in the functional, communicative and pragmatic aspects is rather perspective
The fixed phrase scheme «N1+ называется!» is monosemic. It is derived and formed on the basis of a simple unextended declarative sentence. The compulsory un change able component of the fixed phrase ...scheme (называется) is simple. Its inner form is partially pertinent; it determined its syntactic paradigm dealing with the word-order convertibility of the compulsory unchangeable and changeable components. These components possess rather limited paradigmatic opportunities because of the phraseologized status of the syntactic construction. Due to its idiomaticity and expressivity the fixed phrase scheme can realize the diverse pragmatic potential.
The article is devoted to identifying the functional features of the phrase scheme “N1-6 + so + N1-6” in the texts of the journalistic and artistic styles of the Russian language. Structural, ...semantic and pragmatic characteristics of linguistic units of this structural type are considered. Various approaches to the description of phraseological schemes of the Russian language are commented, but the authors propose to consider the combination of structural-semantic and functional-communicative approaches as the main one for this study. It is noted that in the Russian language the studied phraseological scheme is presented in two homonymous variants, which have the meaning of the highest degree of manifestation of the feature and the meaning of consent / acceptance. Arguments for highlighting these options, which are confirmed by the difference in semantics, component composition and grammatical variability of each phraseological scheme, are given. The authors pay special attention to identifying the contextual meanings of this syntactic structure. Such types of meaning of consent and acceptance are considered, such as forced / uncontrolled, indifferent consent / acceptance, conscious / controlled, etc. The relevance of the study is due to the emergence of new facts of phraseologization of syntactic units in speech and the application of complex analysis to the phraseological units under consideration. The material was the texts of the National Corpus of the Russian language, as well as the authors’ card index.
This article is devoted to the description of the fixed phrase scheme «Was + Pers. Pron1 Sub1 + + Verb!(?)», functioning in the modern German language. The relevance of the study is due to the lack ...of study of this object space as well as its high importance for the practice of communication. The different scientific methods were used in the study. The fixed phrase scheme «Was + Pers. Pron1 Sub1 + + Verb!(?)» is described in the structural, semantic, etymological, paradigmatic, syntagmatic, stylistic, phraseological and functional aspects. The article substantiates the phraseological status of this fixed phrase scheme and its belonging to the phraseological subsystem of the language. It is established that the scheme has two required components (changeable and unchangeable), is characterized by reproducibility, structural-semantic stability and integrity, idiomaticity and expressive, it has a fixed structure serving as a model to build similar sentences-statements. In General, the fixed phrase scheme «Was + Pers. Pron1 Sub1 + + Verb!(?)» is enough frequency in the practice of speech communication due to its system and functional characteristics. Its use in conversation increases the efficiency of the communication process and gives it a relaxed character.
The article is the first attempt to single out and describe categorical features of the fixed phrase scheme «Самое + V inf!». The status of the investigated syntactic model as a sentence of the ...phraseologized type was confirmed. The fixed phrase scheme expresses two enantiosemic meanings and is characterized by the existence of two structural variants. The first one is represented by the compulsory unchangeable component самое in combination with infinitive; herewith the initial meaning of the lexeme самое is absolutely de-actualized, both compulsory components do not have paradigmatic characteristics. The non-grammatical combination of the defining pronoun with the infinitive determines a high degree of phraseologization of the syntactic sentence model. The inner form of the lexeme самое is modern when the compulsory component самое stands with a noun, which leads to the maintaining of its morphological paradigm. The fixed phrase scheme does not possess syntactic paradigm. The idiomaticity of the first fixed phrase scheme variant is determined by the nonderivability of the meaning «expediency / inexpediency of smth» from the meanings of the separate lexical components; the nonderivability of the modus meaning of the component (semes «approval», «intensity», «expressivity»), the nonderivability of the syntactic meaning of the sentence model that is formally represented by the combination of the defining pronoun and the infinitive, contradictory to the grammatical norms, as well as of the stylistic seme «colloquialism». Besides, when this sentence is analyzed logically we can distinguish two propositions («now it is time» and «to learn»), which are represented by the simple sentence. Thus, the syntactic seme represented the meaning of structural and semantic sentence type is also idiomatic. While realizing the second, enantiosemic meaning of the fixed phrase scheme, the semes «negation», the modus component (semes «irony», «expressivity», etc.), syntactic seme and colloquial styleme are idiomatic. All these make the fixed phrase scheme the effective tool of communication in the conditions of the colloquial speech.
This article is devoted to the description of the phraseological syntax of the modern German language «Was für + Sub1-4!». The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient study of this subject, ...but also to its high relevance for the practice of communication. The following methods were used in the research: descriptive, method of component analysis of the semantic structure of the sentence, syntactic modeling, phraseological analysis, transformation method, and also the method of etymological, contextual and discursive analysis. The phrase «Was für + Sub1-4!» is described in the structural, semantic, etymological, paradigmatic, syntagmatic, stylistic, phraseological and functional aspects. The article substantiates the phraseological status of the given phrase-scheme and its belonging to the phraseological subsystem of the language. It is established that the phraseological scheme has two obligatory components (unchangeable and variable), characterized by signs of reproducibility, structural and semantic stability and integrity, idiomatic and expressive, possesses an unchangeable structure serving as a model for constructing similar propositions. In general, the phraseology «Was für + Sub1-4!» is quite frequent in the practice of communication, which is due to its systemic and functional characteristics. Its use in colloquial speech increases the effectiveness of the communication process, gives it a relaxed character.
The article describes the fixed phrase scheme «Was + Verb + Pron1!(?)». The relevance of the study is based on the lack of knowledge of the object space as well as its high importance for the ...practice of speech communication. The fixed phrase scheme is analyzed in the semantic, structural, paradigmatic, etymological, syntagmatic, stylistic, functional and phraseological aspects. The phraseological status of the fixed phrase scheme and it belonging to the phraseological subsystem of language are proved. This phrase is of quite frequency in the practice of German-language speech communication because of its system and functional characteristics.
The article deals with the phenomenon of syntactic phraseological units, which is insufficiently studied and requires further research. The basic provisions of the theory of syntactic phraseological ...units are described: different terminological designations of this phenomenon, definition, categorical features, classifications, algorithm for determining the types of these expressions. The main content of the study is the analysis of the functioning of the elements of the scheme “What would I (we) do without you?(!)”. The material for the analysis was the contexts with this phrase, extracted from fiction. The idea is substantiated that the studied expression is a syntactic phraseology and is constructed in accordance with the phraseosyntactic scheme according to the classification of V. Yu. Melikyan. Semantic, syntactic and pragmatic features of the studied scheme are analyzed. The theoretical and practical significance of the work is that the results of the study can complement the understanding of the system of syntactic phraseological units and can be used in the compilation of dictionaries of this kind of Russian expressions. In addition, the results of the study in a pragmatic aspect can contribute to understanding of the use of syntactic phraseological units in dialogues, which is important for the proper use of these units, in particular in the study of Russian as a foreign language.
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