In 1969, an icebreaking tanker, the SS Manhattan , was
commissioned by Humble Oil to transit the Northwest Passage in
order to test the logistical and economic feasibility of an
all-marine ...transportation system for Alaska North Slope crude oil.
Proposed as an alternative to the Trans-Alaska Pipeline, the
Manhattan made two voyages to the North American Arctic
and collected volumes of scientific data on ice conditions and the
behavior of ships in ice. Although the Manhattan
successfully navigated the Northwest Passage-closing a
five-hundred-year chapter of Arctic exploration by becoming the
first commercial vessel to do so-the expedition ultimately
demonstrated the impracticality of moving crude oil using
icebreaking ships. Breaking Ice for Arctic Oil details
this historic voyage, establishing its significant impact on the
future of marine traffic and resource development in the Arctic and
setting the stage for the current oil crisis.
In this study, collision and grounding data registered in GISIS (Global Integrated Shipping Information System) were investigated for oil tankers. The database includes the information of the ...collision and grounding accidents during the period between 1998 and 2010 in oil tankers. The risk assessments were carried out using fault tree analysis (FTA) programme for the incidents as collision and grounding occurred in oil tankers. In this study, we were able to investigate first the potential problems which cause the collision and grounding accidents have been determined, second, the occurrence of accidents has been shown with causal factors by the FTA method, and, finally, the significance degree of the initial events causing occurrence of accidents have been put forth. Collision in oil tanker resulted in economical loss (81%), pollution (6%) and death or injury (13%). Grounding in oil tanker resulted in economical loss (91%) and pollution (9%). According to the FTA results, the main reason for the accidents originating from human error is as follows: for collision accidents, Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG) violation and the lack of communication between vessels; and for grounding accidents, the interpretation failure of the officer on watch and lack of communication in the bridge resource management.
The use of tankers for oil and gas distribution requires auxiliary structures such as Single Point Mooring (SPM). In the process of loading cargo, tankers must maintain a level of stability so that ...the load transfer process runs smoothly. Stability needs to be checked using inputs in the form of structural responses in free-floating conditions to get structural responses when moored. Analysis of the motion response of tankers and SPM in free-floating conditions showed that ballast tanker loads had a greater motion response than full loads with the largest movement on roll at 3.59 deg/m. The moored motion response of the tanker has the greatest amplitude in the surge movement towards the AP with a value of -0.2251 m.
Hisse senedi fiyatları sadece şırketierın veya içinde bulunulan ekonomik koşullara göre deǧil aynı zamanda küresel olaylar, ekonomik ve siyasi birçok faktörden etkilenebilmektedir. Hisse senedi ...fiyatlarını etkileyen unsurların karmaşıklıǧı nedeniyle fiyatlarına etki edebileceǧi düşünülen farklı deǧişkenler ile arasındaki ilişkiler sürekli araştırma konusu olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, 04.01.2021-22.06.2023 dönemine ilişkin günlük veriler ile Baltik kirli tanker ve Baltik temiz tanker endeksi ile Borsa İstanbul bünyesinde bulunan kimya, petrol ve plastik endeksi arasındaki uzun dönem ilişkisi İncelenmektedir. Birim kök testi sonuçlarına göre benzer düzeyde bütünleşme derecelerine sahip olan deǧişkenler Johansen eşbütünleşme testi ile incelenmiştir. Ancak test sonucuna göre hem kirli tanker hem de temiz tanker endeksi deǧişkeni ile petrol, kimya ve plastik sektör endeksi arasında İz istatistikleri dikkate alındıǧında eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin olmadıǧı 0.05 anlamlılık düzeyinde tespit edilmiştir. Deǧişkenler pozitif ve negatif birikimli deǧerlerine ayrıştırılarak Hatemi-J ve Irandoust saklı eşbütünleşme testi uygulanmıştır. Pozitif ve negatif birikimli şokların 0.05 anlamlılık düzeyinde en az bir adet eşbütünleşık vektörün varlıǧının bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
•Liquefied hydrogen tanker ship with new propulsion system.•Set of 6 Flettner rotors as renewable energy assistance propulsion system.•Approximately 1% increase in COGAS overall maximum thermal ...efficiency.•Flettner rotors positively impact engine NOx emission of liquefied tanker.•Maximum contribution power achieved in the range of 1.7 to 1.8 MW.•Improve overall thermal efficiency, save fuel, reduce prime mover NOx emission.
This study presents a novel design and development of a 280,000 m3 liquefied hydrogen tanker ship by implementing a set of 6 Flettner rotors as an assistance propulsion system in conjunction with a combined-cycle gas turbine fuelled by hydrogen as a prime mover. The study includes assessment of the technical and environmental aspects of the developed design. Furthermore, an established method was applied to simulate the LH2 tanker in different voyages and conditions to investigate the benefits of harnessing wind energy to assist combined-cycle gas turbine in terms of performance and emission reduction based on engine behaviour for different voyages under loaded and unloaded, normal as well as 6 % degraded engine, and varying ambient conditions. The results indicate that implementing a set of 6 Flettner rotors for the LH2 tanker ship has the potential to positively impact the performance and lead to environmental benefits. A maximum contribution power of around 1.8 MW was achieved in the winter season owing to high wind speed and favourable wind direction. This power could save approximately 3.6 % of the combined-cycle gas turbine total output power (50 MW) and cause a 3.5 % reduction in NOx emissions.
Oil/chemical tanker ships carry a large volume of liquefied chemical cargoes in bulk condition. Chemical cargoes can be hazardous and most of them being flammable and/or toxic. It may pose acute ...dangers for human life and maritime environment. Risk assessment is of paramount importance to enhance operational safety and to protect environment for oil/chemical tanker ships. This paper aims at conducting an extensive risk analysis for oil/chemical tanker pollution due to leakage since the consequences can be fatal for human and marine environment. To accomplish this, fault tree analysis (FTA) is used. The failure occurrence probabilities of basic event (BE) of FT are calculated under fuzzy logic. The extended CREAM (Cognitive reliability and error analysis method) approach is used to determine human-oriented errors in FT since human error contributes the most to various types of maritime accidents. The outcomes of the paper can be helpful to minimize chemical leakage pollution risks and to improve operational safety in cargo loading/discharging process in oil/chemical tankers.
•A statistical analysis of 1207 marine accidents worldwide from 2010 to 2019.•A critical literature review on previous studies on marine accident severity.•A study on the relationship between the ...influencing factors and accident severity.•Provision of recommendations for the improvement of maritime safety.
This study aims to explore the relationship between the severity of marine accidents and influencing factors. An ordered logistic regression model is used to reflect the relationship between these factors and the severity of marine accidents using the worldwide accident investigation reports in the period of 2010–2019. The obtained results show that the marine accident severity is positively associated with sinking accidents, far away from port, strong wind, heavy sea, strong current and/or good visibility. With respect to ship types, fishing vessels, yachts and sailing vessels, and other ship types are the ship types most involved in accidents of higher severity. The severity level is higher for ships having incomplete or invalid seafarers’ certificates, inadequate ship manning, incomplete or invalid ship certificates and/or over 30 years of age. Seafarers with poor theoretical knowledge and less sea experience are more likely to be involved in accidents of serious consequences. Small water depth and ship types such as chemical tankers, oil tankers, container ships and/or bulk carriers are negatively related to the accident severity. The results of this study can be used to assist the relevant maritime authorities in taking effective measures of preventing the occurrence of serious marine accidents.
The risk of road transportation of flammable liquid is of great uncertainty due to the time-varying conditions of the passing locations and the environment, which leads to challenging risk analysis. ...In this work, a real-time risk analysis method for road tanker transportation based on the fuzzy Bayesian network (FBN) is proposed. The bow-tie model is first employed to identify hazards in flammable liquid road transportation systems and shows risk evolution. The framework of the Bayesian network (BN) is then determined accordingly. In the case that the historical statistics of accidents are limited, a probabilistic estimation model that combines expert judgment and fuzzy set theory is established to determine the prior probabilities and the conditional probabilities of the BN nodes. Case studies of typical road tanker transportation accidents were carried out to show the risk level variation with both the internal and external conditions at different moments. Sensitivities of the parent nodes were analyzed, and the critical factors leading to accidents were identified. Studies show that this method can dynamically characterize the changes in both the probabilities and the consequence levels of road tanker transport accidents. Based on the vehicle’s GPS data and the local environment, the proposed method can provide an estimation of the real-time risk for road tankers.
Propulsion of a hydrogen-fuelled LH2 tanker ship Alkhaledi, Abdullah NFNR; Sampath, Suresh; Pilidis, Pericles
International journal of hydrogen energy,
05/2022, Letnik:
47, Številka:
39
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This study aims to present a philosophical and quantitative perspective of a propulsion system for a large-scale hydrogen-fuelled liquid-hydrogen (LH2) tanker ship. Established methods are used to ...evaluate the design and performance of an LH2-carrier propulsion system for JAMILA, a ship designed with four cylindrical LH2 tanks bearing a total capacity of ∼280,000 m3 along with cargo and using the boil-off as propulsion and power fuel. Additionally, the ship propulsion system is evaluated based on the ship resistance requirements, and a hydrogen-fuelled combined-cycle gas turbine is modelled to achieve the dual objectives of high efficiency and zero-carbon footprint. The required inputs primarily involve the off-design and degraded performance of the gas-turbine topping cycle, and the proposed power plant operates with a total output power of 50 M.W. The results reveal that the output power allows ship operation at a great speed even with a degraded engine and adverse ambient conditions.
Display omitted
•H2 fuelled propulsion can be considered as a solution for a marine zero-emission target.•TurboMatch analytical method achieved H2 fuelled propulsion system evaluation.•Azimuthal thruster is suitable for a large-scale liquid-hydrogen tanker ship design.•COGAS can ensure LH2 tanker ships power requirements at variant conditions.•Technical feasibility Hydrogen-fuelled propulsion system can be applicable for the future.
PDF
