Technoference, namely parental screen use in the presence of a child, is a widespread phenomenon that has negative effects on parent-child interaction and communication. When parents use screens ...around their children there are fewer interactions and parents are less contingent and responsive to the child. Additionally, children show more negative behaviors, such as whining, frustration, and outbursts. Communication is also affected—parents speak and gesture less towards their children and, in turn, children are less likely to develop their language abilities. It remains unclear, however, if parental distraction due to screen use affects parent-child interaction and communication more negatively compared to non-digital parental distraction. Fifty-two parent-child dyads (mean child age = 22 months, range 12–36 months) first played for 5 min (Time 1); then (Time 2), the parent was asked to fill out a questionnaire on a tablet (screen condition), on a printed form (paper-pen condition) or was not interrupted (control condition). Interactive quality was assessed at Time 1 and Time 2 using the Coding Interactive Behavior scale. Communication was assessed by coding the number of word tokens and types during Time 1 and Time 2; child gestures were also coded. Results revealed that when parents were distracted—either by the paper-pen or the screen questionnaire—the quality of the interaction significantly deteriorated (
p
s
≤ .01) and the quantity of parental communication significantly declined (
p
s
≤ .012). Importantly, the nature of the distraction did not matter: there were no significant differences between the paper-pen and the screen distraction conditions across Time 2 (
p
s
≥ .59). Findings suggest that parental distraction matters for the quality of interaction and the amount of communicative bids, independently on whether parents were distracted by a digital or non-digital activity. These findings likely relate to complex factors related to young children's experiences and habits with parental screen use.
Media is so pervasive that it should no longer be considered a nuisance variable that could affect development; rather, it should be seen as a fundamental part of the context in which development ...occurs. Despite the rapid growth in access to digital media, there is a scarcity of research examining changes in the family media ecology and the subsequent effects of early media exposure on sociocognitive development. Early research was erroneously focused on the absolute amount of exposure by the child. Current research now considers the entire household, including both intentional exposure to child-directed content and unintended exposure to background media sources. Such research demonstrates that young children can and do learn from well-designed media, particularly when they engage with other people during digital play.
Objective: Technoference towards devices can change interactions within the family. Parents play a significant role in balancing technological advances in the family. This study examines how ...interference with using devices (technoference) at home affects family attachment.
Methods: The method used in this study uses a quantitative descriptive method. Respondents are students who act as students who actively use devices. The selection of research samples used purposive sampling with a total of 347 respondents. There are three points of technoference between parents and children: frequency, duration and content.
Results: Based on the study's results, it was found that the most dominant technoference in family strength ties was the duration of gadget use by family members, with the most significant indication being that they often ignore calls from their family when playing gadgets. After that, it is followed by the frequency of using gadgets, and the most significant indication is to prioritize gadgets even at ongoing family events. The lowest indicator of technoference to contend with the most significant indicator is judging what family members do on their devices.
Conclusion: Using cell phones should be heeded by various stakeholders such as the government, parents, educational institutions, religious institutions, community members, and peers. It means they should not ignore the facts by transferring the problems to other parties more responsible for interrupting cell phone use, especially the parents and the other family members. The impact of technoference is significant enough, especially on the students’ power of family.
Si de nombreuses études s’attardent aujourd’hui sur la place importante qu’occupe la consommation des écrans dans la vie des tout-petits, nous observons au contraire un manque de littérature sur ...l’appauvrissement des interactions dans la famille, provoqué par l’usage intensif des écrans nomades. Ce phénomène porte pourtant un nom, la technoférence parentale. Cependant, les « écrans » ne sont pas seulement des espaces de déliaison, ils peuvent également être l’occasion de créer des espaces singuliers de liaison, avec des effets de transparence psychique des processus, des liens et du groupe (par exemple lors de consultations en ligne). Ce phénomène porte aussi un nom, la transparence digitale.
The term “phubbing” is a portmanteau of “phone” and “snubbing”, representing interruptions in face-to-face interactions due to smartphones acting as a distractor. Phubbing has previously been ...associated with several negative relational and personal outcomes (i.e., reduced relationship satisfaction, low mood, and increased interpersonal conflict). The present study explored the consequences of partner phubbing on phubbee's (i.e., the recipient's) daily reports of relationship satisfaction and personal well-being. To extend current phubbing literature, we assessed how phubbees responded to being phubbed (ignoring, resentment, curiosity, retaliation, conflict) and their motivations for engaging in any retaliatory behaviours. Participants (N = 75) completed a 10-day daily diary study, consisting of short baseline and daily measures (perceived partner phubbing, relationship satisfaction, depressed mood, anxious mood, self-esteem, anger/frustration, responses to phubbing, and, if applicable, motivations for retaliation). Results revealed phubbees reported lower relationship satisfaction and greater feelings of anger when daily perceived partner phubbing was high. Likewise, when perceived partner phubbing was high, phubbees reported greater curiosity, resentment, and retaliation. Revenge, need for support, and need for approval were all significant motivations for retaliation. Findings reinforced the emotional and behavioural impact of phubbing on the recipient.
•Participants completed short daily diaries over 10 consecutive days.•When daily partner phubbing was high, phubbees reported lower relationship satisfaction and greater anger/frustration.•On days when perceived partner phubbing was high, phubbees reported greater resentment, curiosity and retaliation.•No association between partner phubbing and phubbee well-being was found.•Revenge, need for support and need for approval were all significant possible motivations for retaliation.
This study aims to examine children’s well-being and life satisfaction in terms of various variables related to parents’ and children’s problematic technology usage. Specifically, parent/child ...responses during their technology use and parents' phubbing and technoference behaviors were considered. The study was conducted with 185 children (8–14) and their parents (mother = 96, father = 89). The data were analyzed by performing correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, t test, and one-way ANOVA. According to the results, there were negative correlations between children’s life satisfaction and age, children’s technological device (smartphone, computer) usage time, and children/parents responding negatively to each other when engaged in technological devices. Children’s well-being was negatively correlated to their age and children/parents responding negatively to each other when engaged in technological devices. A positive correlation was found between children’s life satisfaction and well-being as well as parents’ phubbing and technoference. According to another result, the well-being of children having their own computer was significantly higher than those who do not have a computer. Finally, children/parents responding negatively to each other when engaged in technological devices negatively predicted the children’s life satisfaction and well-being.
Digital media availability has surged over the past decade. Because of a lack of comprehensive measurement tools, this rapid growth in access to digital media is accompanied by a scarcity of research ...examining the family media context and sociocognitive outcomes. There is also little cross-cultural research in families with young children. Modern media are mobile, interactive, and often short in duration, making them difficult to remember when caregivers respond to surveys about media use. The Comprehensive Assessment of Family Media Exposure (CAFE) Consortium has developed a novel tool to measure household media use through a web-based questionnaire, time-use diary, and passive-sensing app installed on family mobile devices. The goal of developing a comprehensive assessment of family media exposure was to take into account the contextual factors of media use and improve upon the limitations of existing self-report measures, while creating a consistent, scalable, and cost-effective tool. The CAFE tool captures the content and context of early media exposure and addresses the limitations of prior media measurement approaches. Preliminary data collected using this measure have been integrated into a shared visualization platform. In this perspective article, we take a tools-of-the-trade approach (
Oakes, 2010
) to describe four challenges associated with measuring household media exposure in families with young children: measuring attitudes and practices; capturing content and context; measuring short bursts of mobile device usage; and integrating data to capture the complexity of household media usage. We illustrate how each of these challenges can be addressed with preliminary data collected with the CAFE tool and visualized on our dashboard. We conclude with future directions including plans to test reliability, validity, and generalizability of these measures.
The current abundance of technology in daily life creates opportunities for interruptions in couple interactions, termed technoference or phubbing. The current study examined reports from both ...partners in 173 romantic relationships who completed daily surveys on technoference and relational well-being measures across 14 days. By using daily diary data, we were able to examine within-person associations and more closely approximate everyday life. Utilizing multilevel modeling, we found that on days when participants rated more technoference than usual, they felt worse about their relationship, perceived more conflict over technology use, rated their face-to-face interactions as less positive, and experienced more negative mood. These relationships existed even after controlling for general feelings of relationship dissatisfaction, depression, and attachment anxiety, and there were no significant differences between women and men in these associations. This suggests that regardless of an individual's or a couple's current level of well-being, if individuals perceive technology use as interfering in their interactions with their partner, these perceptions may affect their daily assessments of their relationship and mood.
•Both partners in couples reported on technoference across 14 days of daily surveys.•More daily technoference was related to worse relationship quality.•More daily technoference was related to more conflict over technology.•More daily technoference was related to less positive face-to-face interactions.•More daily technoference was related to more negative mood.
Digital media (DM) is omnipresent in society today and impacts every aspect of our life. Previous studies have shown DM to cause problems in interpersonal relationships by creating problematic ...interruptions in interactions, this has been termed technoference. The current study focuses on parent's self-rated perceived technoference and the rated behavior of their 4- to 5-year-old children. Parents (
= 153) filled out an online questionnaire regarding family DM use and technoference as well as questions regarding their child's behavior. Parents rated the level of technoference caused by their own use of DM as well as the rate of technoference caused by the child's use of DM. Parents were also asked questions regarding their own possible problematic cell phone use. The findings reveal a statistically significant contribution of technoference, caused by the parents' use of DM, to the behavior repertoire of the children.
Technoference has been defined as interruptions to social interactions because of technology. Previous research has examined technoference in parent-child relationships, but little research has been ...conducted examining the influence of technoference on parent-adolescent relationships. Previous researchers have shown that parental technoference in parent-child relationships is related to increased negative behaviors by children. The current study examined the effect of adolescents’ perceptions of their own and their parents technoference on adolescent positive and negative behaviors, including anxiety, depression, cyberbullying, prosocial behavior, and civic engagement, as mediated through adolescent perceptions of parental warmth. Teens perceptions of their parents technoference was related to increased anxiety, depression, cyberbullying, and prosocial behaviors, as mediated through parental warmth. Interestingly, adolescent technoference was not related to perceived parental warmth, but was related to increased cyberbullying, anxiety, depression, and decreased prosocial behavior and civic engagement. Implications of technoference in a parent-adolescent context are discussed.
•Parental technoference is related to more negative outcomes in teens.•Adolescent technoference is related to less positive outcomes in teens.•Parental warmth mediated the relationship between technoference and teen behavior.
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