On the fourth of October 1957 millions of disbelieving Americans listened to their radio sets for a soft and innocuous beep. It was the signal of Sputnik, letting the world know that the Soviet Union ...had entered the Space Age, and challenging the United States to follow its lead. Sputnik opened an age of uncertainty for the United States that continues to this day. After centuries of security on its own continent, the United States could now face nuclear annihilation by missiles from space. It was therefore up to the United States Air Force to find a way to protect America from this new threat. But how do you even fight in space? And how do you create a strategy for a battlespace that no human had ever visited?
There is a balance between the amount of (weak) indestructibility one can have and the amount of strong cardinals. It’s consistent relative to large cardinals to have lots of strong cardinals and all ...of their degrees of strength are weakly indestructible. But this necessitates the destructibility of the partially strong cardinals. Guaranteeing the indestructibility of the partially strong cardinals is shown to be harder. In particular, this work establishes an equiconsistency between:
1.
a proper class of cardinals that are strong reflecting strongs; and
2.
weak indestructibility for (κ+2)-strength for all cardinals κ in the presence of a proper class of strong cardinals.
These have a much higher consistency strength than:
3.
weak indestructibility for all degrees of strength for a proper class of strong cardinals.
This discrepancy holds even if we weaken (2) from the presence of a proper class to just two strong cardinals. (2) is also equivalent to weak indestructibility for all λ-strength for λ far beyond (κ+2); well beyond the next measurable limit of measurables above κ, but before the next μ that is (μ+2)-strong. One direction of the equiconsistency of (1) and (2) is proven using forcing and the other using core model techniques from inner model theory. Additionally, connections between weak indestructibility and the reflection properties associated with Woodin cardinals are discussed, and similar results are derived for supercompacts and supercompacts reflecting supercompacts. Abstract prepared by James Holland. E-mail: jch258@scarletmail.rutgers.edu URL: https://sites.math.rutgers.edu/~jch258/assets/dis.pdf
Based on a tradition of “American exceptionalism”, the US is often reluctant in its attitude toward broad multilateral organizations, regardless of which party controls the presidency. This article ...is a summary of the winning MA thesis of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Thesis Prize 2013-2014, installed by the Netherlands Atlantic Association. The thesis analyzed the history of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC). It argues that, contrary to popular beliefs, the “unilateralist turn” of George W. Bush is not a clear break from previous American foreign policy, at least in the case of the BWC.
Given the lack of student research experience, the undergraduate thesis is necessarily focussed primarily on development of research skills (i.e. it is process oriented). Since postgraduate ...supervision is research output focussed, the lessons learnt from this field are not always directly transferable. In contrast to the vast body of work in the field of doctoral research supervision, there exists a dearth of literature on undergraduate dissertation supervision. To address this shortcoming, the present study examined the alignment of university, supervisor and student expectations regarding responsibilities in the undergraduate engineering thesis. University expectations, having undergone rigorous review, outline the sound pedagogical practice that should be applied to undergraduate supervision. Expectations of academic staff supervisors and thesis students were obtained through the use of survey tools and post-survey discussions. The surveys used in the present study were adapted from the Role Perceptions Rating Scale (RPRS). Alignment between student and university expectations regarding undergraduate thesis responsibilities in the present study was generally poor. The discrepancy between supervisor and university expectations was even greater, with academic staff generally assuming the bulk of the responsibility for many core thesis tasks. Post-survey discussion indicated that the driver for this behaviour were supervisor expectations that that undergraduate thesis research would contribute to publications. Taking primary responsibility for core thesis tasks away from the student, although improving the likelihood of successful research output, diminishes the ability for an accurate assessment of adequate academic performance. The learning that is intended to result from the undergraduate thesis is devalued when research outcomes are prioritised over research process.
•A theory or perspective help students unravel discoveries.•Theories and perspectives are consolidations to explain or understand a phenomenon.•In diversified research fields multiple theories and ...perspectives is a strength.•Theorizing requires a basic familiarity with different theories and perspectives.
The present paper is a reply to Brunsson (2021b), who wrote a commentary on the edited volume Theories and Perspectives in Business Administration (Eriksson-Zetterquist, Hansson & Nilsson, 2020). Although we agree with Brunsson on several points, we nevertheless argue that students need to learn about different theories and perspectives. First, the use of theories and perspectives as analytical tools will help students to describe and analyze a certain phenomenon. Second, to be able to theorize students need to acquire fundamental knowledge of the background and the specificities of the theory or perspective in use. Third, an awareness of the diversity of theories and perspectives that exists within the business administration discipline is a prerequisite to being able to contribute to the creation of new knowledge. Finally, we do not agree with Brunsson that the multitude of theories and perspectives in the business administration discipline is a sign of “an inferiority complex”. It is the outcome of the vitality and viability of the discipline.
This paper aims to explore the potential role of Master's of Education dissertation/thesis work in developing twenty-first century skills. A total of 600 education professionals studying Master's of ...Education programmes in five countries - Poland, Portugal, England, Latvia, and Romania - were surveyed. The findings have revealed that participants recognise the usefulness of twenty-first century skills for their (future) professional practice, and perceive dissertation/thesis work as a valuable foundation for developing these skills. This study offers practical implications for designers of Master's of Education programmes and contributes to our understanding that this assignment is not only a formal requirement for obtaining a degree, but that it also serves as a pathway towards deepening students' professional learning.
The stress experienced by students in writing a thesis can have a negative physical and psychological impact on success in writing a thesis. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of ...stress, sources of stress, and types of stress experienced by students. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative chosen to assist in achieving the research objectives. A total of 23 physical education students who have taken the proposal seminar exam are used as samples in this study. The questionnaire which has a validity value of 0.84 and a reliability value of 0.87 is used as a data collection instruments. The ideal mean value and standard deviation were used to perform data analysis. The results of the study revealed that the stress level of physical education students who were writing their thesis was in the medium category, conflict was the source of stress that had the highest score, and the type of stress experienced by students was psychological stress.
Tezden makale üretmek, yüksek lisans ve doktora tezi tamamlanmadan önce veya sonra gündeme gelmektedir. Tez tamamlanmadan önce tez verisini kullanarak makale yayımlamak, tezin özgünlüğünü tartışmaya ...açabilir. Tez tamamlandıktan sonra yayın yapılması daha uygundur. Tezin tamamlanmasından sonra yapılan yayın, araştırmacının ve tezin bilinirliğini artırır. Bununla birlikte tezden yayın üretilirken tezden oluşturulduğunun belirtilmesi gereklidir. Ayrıca makale yazım sürecinde danışman önemli bir katkı sunmuşsa, ikinci yazar olarak belirtilmesi zorunludur. Tezden makale üretmek sadece kopyala-yapıştır işi değildir. Tezden makale üretmek tahmin edildiğinden daha zordur. Editörler ve hakemler aceleyle dönüştürülen bir makaleyi kolaylıkla fark ederler. Bu nedenle tez makaleye dönüştürülürken yoğun emek sarf edilmesi gerekir.
Producing an article from a thesis is a topic that arises before or after completing a master’s or doctoral dissertation. Publishing an article using thesis data before completing the thesis can call into question the originality of the thesis. It is more appropriate to publish after the thesis has been completed. The publication after completing the thesis enhances the researcher’s and thesis’s visibility. However, when producing an article from the thesis, it is necessary to indicate that it was created from the thesis. Additionally, if the advisor has contributed significantly during the article writing process, they must be identified as the second author. Producing an article from a thesis is not just a copy-paste and is more difficult than anticipated. Editors and reviewers easily recognize an article that has been hastily converted. Therefore, an intensive effort is required when converting a thesis into an article.
Supervisory feedback on thesis drafts and presentations is arguably the most important source of information for graduate students, particularly those writing their theses in ...English-as-a-foreign-language contexts, to conduct, complete, report and improve graduate research and benefit from the process. Despite its critical role in scaffolding students' research and thesis writing, supervisory feedback on master's theses has been under-researched, compared with the attention given to doctoral supervision. This is particularly the case in non-Western, developing countries such as Nepal. The present study examined supervisory comments on thesis drafts (n = 97) in four disciplinary areas (education, English studies, physics and engineering). Supervisors' beliefs underlying their practices and students' expectations were explored through interviews with 16 supervisors and 16 students. Analyses revealed that supervisory feedback varied across the disciplinary areas and, in many cases, did not cater to students' needs or expectations. Pedagogical implications of these findings are derived with a view to improving the effectiveness of supervisory feedback.
Abstract
The growing use of digital tools in policy implementation has altered the work of street‐level bureaucrats who are granted substantial discretionary power in decision‐making. Digital tools ...can constrain discretionary power, like the curtailment thesis proposed, or serve as action resources, like the enablement thesis suggested. This article assesses empirical evidence of the impact of digital tools on street‐level work and decision‐making in service‐oriented and regulation‐oriented organisations based on a systematic literature review and thematic qualitative content analysis of 36 empirical studies published until 2021. The findings demonstrate different effects with regard to the role of digital tools and the core tasks of the public administration, depending on political and managerial goals and consequent system design. Leading or decisive digital tools mostly curtail discretion, especially in service‐oriented organisations. In contrast, an enhanced information base or recommendations for actions enable decision‐making, in particular in regulation‐oriented organisations. By showing how street‐level bureaucrats actively try to resist the curtailing effects caused by rigid design to address individual circumstances, for instance by establishing ways of coping like rule bending or rule breaking, using personal resources or prioritising among clients, this study demonstrates the importance of the continuation thesis and the persistently crucial role of human judgement in policy implementation.
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