The relationship between traumatic life events and increased suicide risk has been well reported in literature. However, the complex nature of suicidality phenomena still hinders our ability to ...comprehend the mediation mechanism underlying this association. In this study, we examined the mediating role of adult attachment and reflective functioning in the relationship between traumatic life events and suicidal ideation. Nine hundred and fifty Italian adults completed an online survey evaluating traumatic life events, adult attachment, reflective functioning and suicidal ideation. The path analysis showed that the positive relationship between traumatic life events and suicidal ideation was partially mediated by attachment anxiety and reflective functioning. From a clinical point of view, these results support the relevance of evaluating and improving patients’ ability to mentalize as a part of psychotherapeutic intervention aimed at reducing suicidality in people with a history of traumatic experiences and attachment anxiety.
This research aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and bodily distress syndrome, and the mediating role of somatoform dissociation. A total of 241 individuals ...living in Iran aged 20-40 years (
= 26.41 years,
= 6.30; 74.7% females) were selected by convenience sampling to participate online in the research in March 2023. They answered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), the Bodily Distress Syndrome Checklist (BDS-25), and the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20). The results of the structural equation modeling showed that the model had a good fit, and significant relationships were observed between childhood traumatic experiences and bodily distress syndrome, between childhood traumatic experiences and somatoform dissociation, and also between somatoform dissociation and bodily distress syndrome. The results indicated that somatoform dissociation partially mediates the relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and bodily distress syndrome. Furthermore, the prevalence of bodily distress syndrome was higher in the female than the male participants. The results thus highlight the role of childhood traumatic experiences and somatoform dissociation in creating bodily distress syndrome.
This study aimed to assess the moderating role of gender in the relationship between childhood abuse and mental disorders in the population of a country that has been little studied. This research ...was designed by the correlational model, one of the quantitative research designs. 272 university students attending a state university in Turkey participated in the research. For sample selection, the convenience sampling method was used. As a result of analyses within the scope of the present study, it was concluded that gender had a moderating effect on the relationship between sexual abuse and somatisation, emotional abuse and negative self and physical neglect and hostility. This finding may help clinicians and researchers in providing optimal health services.
Adolescents with substance use disorders (SUD) frequently report traumatic events (TEs) and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to assess whether lifetime prevalence ...rates of TEs and PTSD are related to SUD severity in adolescent psychiatric patients.
We analyzed
= 114 self-reports of treatment-seeking German adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, who visited a specialized SUD outpatient unit. Standardized questionnaires were applied to assess SUD severity, the number of TEs and DSM-IV PTSD criteria.
Patients fulfilling PTSD criteria (28% of the total sample) had a higher Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) score compared to non-PTSD patients with TEs (
<.001), and compared to adolescents without TEs or PTSD (
= .003). Additionally, SUD severity was positively associated with the number of TEs and the number of intrusion, hyperarousal, and avoidance symptoms (all
= .33 to.48, all
<.01).
Adolescent patients with SUD reported 3-times higher rates of TEs, and a 5-time higher prevalence of PTSD following TEs, than the general adolescent population. Adolescent SUD patients with PTSD reported more severe substance use problems than patients without PTSD-regardless of previous TEs. Longitudinal studies are needed in order to investigate the temporal relationship between TEs, PTSD and SUD.
Experience of natural disaster was related to an increased risk of long-term child internalizing problems. Initial traumatic experiences are hypothesized to work as disaster-related stresses and ...sensitize neural circuitry, leading to heightened reactivity to subsequent stressful experiences, which in turn results in delayed onset of internalizing problems. However, empirical evidence is lacking. Thus, we aimed to examine the association between heart rate variability (HRV) and internalizing problems among children exposed to the disaster. The Great East Japan Earthquake Follow-up for Children (GEJE-FC) study followed children aged 4–6 years old and their siblings and parents from three affected prefectures (Miyagi, Fukushima, and Iwate) and one unaffected prefecture (Mie) in Japan over four periods: from August 2012 to June 2013 (= T1), August 2013 to April 2014 (= T2), July 2014 to December 2014 (= T3), and August 2015 to December 2015 (= T4) (n = 155). HRV was assessed at T2 and T3 as a biomarker of autonomic nervous system activity. Child internalizing problems were assessed by caregivers at T3 and T4, using the Child Behavior Checklist. HRV measurements at T2 were not associated with child internalizing problems at T3. However, HRV in low frequency domains at T3 showed an inverse association with child internalizing problems at T4 (B = −1.72, 95% CI = −3.12 to −0.31). The findings indicated that later exacerbation of internalizing problems could be predicted by dysfunction of autonomic nervous system measured by HRV.
•Lower LF-HRV 3 years after the disaster predicted more internalizing problems in the following year in school-aged children.•The association between HRV and internalizing problems was not observed two years after the disaster.•Autonomic nervous system may be relevant to exacerbation of internalizing problems in the chronic phase.
Objective: In February 2022, Ukraine suffered a devastating assault by Russia, leading to destruction, casualties, and displacement. Among those displaced were over 1.5 million families with ...children. War and displacement expose families to a heightened risk of mental health issues. These risks increase when both the parents and the children are exposed to trauma and develop mental health difficulties. This study investigated the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health issues among parents and children and the associations between them. Method: The study included 50 dyads of children and parents who had arrived in Israel after fleeing the war in Ukraine. Parents completed self-report questionnaires to assess their mental health and their children’s mental health. Results: About 56% of the parents and 2% of the children met the criteria for PTSD, and 50% of the children and 56% of the parents met the cutoff for clinical general psychological distress. Significant correlations were found between the parent’s PTSD levels and the children’s PTSD symptoms. Significant correlations were found between the parent’s general distress and the children’s PTSD symptoms, general distress, and externalizing problems. Children whose parents showed high rates of PTSD showed significantly higher PTSD and distress rates. Conclusions: Parents and children of refugees show high levels of mental health difficulties. The children’s mental health is associated with the parent’s mental health. A deeper understanding of the challenges faced by refugee families can inform the development of targeted assistance programs and the recruitment and training of personnel in host countries. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)
Abstract The association between traumatic experiences, alexithymia, and substance abuse is well established. Less is known about the role of traumatic experiences and alexithymia in the onset and ...maintenance of Internet-related disorders. In the present study, self-report measures on traumatic experiences, alexithymia, and problematic Internet use were administered to 358 high school students (57% females) aged 18–19 years old, to test whether alexithymic traits mediated the relationship between traumatic experiences and Internet addiction symptoms, and whether gender moderated the proposed mediation in the sample. While partial mediation occurred in the entire sample, gender directly affected the relationship between the investigated constructs: Internet addiction symptoms were independently related to traumatic experiences among males, and to alexithymic traits among females. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that trauma memories among males, and problems with affect regulation among females, may increase the risk of problematic Internet use during late adolescence. Such findings might have relevant implications to inform any treatment plan for late adolescent students who are overinvolved with online activities, pointing out that tailored approaches to their problems and difficulties are particularly needed in clinical practice.
Objective: Based on the pathophysiological similarities between alcohol use disorder (AUD) and obsessive compulsive spectrum disorders, as well as the close association between traumatic experiences ...and addiction, the goal of this study was to assess the relationship between obsessive beliefs and childhood traumas in patients with alcohol use disorder by comparing them with the control group.
Material and Method: The data of 60 AUD cases who applied to the Alcohol and Substance Treatment Center (AMATEM) outpatient clinic consecutively and 56 healthy control groups were evaluated. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTS), Hamilton Anxiety Inventory (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression Inventory (HAM-D) were applied to both groups. The Addiction Profile Index, which evaluates the severity of addiction, was applied to the patient group. Data were evaluated with SPPS 22.
Results: Obsessive beliefs, traumatic experiences, depression and anxiety scores were found to be significantly higher in AUD cases than in the control group. No significant relationship was found between traumatic experiences and obsessive beliefs. The most important predictors of obsessive beliefs were found to be anxiety and depression scores.
Conclusion: The current study is valuable because it is the first study to evaluate the relationship between obsessive beliefs and childhood traumas in alcohol use disorder patients. Further analyzes in a larger sample in this area will be helpful in identifying risk factors and creating preventive interventions for AUD, a disorder that is difficult to treat and recurs.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada alkol kullanım bozukluğu (AKB) ve obsesif kompulsif spektrum bozuklukları arasında var olan benzerliklerden ve travmatik yaşantıların da bağımlılıkla olan yakın ilişkisinden yola çıkılarak, alkol kullanım bozukluğu tanılı hastalarda obsesif inanışlar ve çocukluk çağı travmalarının ilişkisinin, kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Alkol ve Madde Tedavi Merkezi (AMATEM) polikliniğine ayaktan ardışık olarak başvuru yapan 60 AKB olgusu ile aynı özelliklere sahip ve aynı bölgeden rastgele seçilen 56 sağlıklı kontrol grubunun verileri değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki gruba da DSM-5 için yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme (SCID-5), Obsesif İnanışlar Ölçeği-44 (OİÖ), Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği-28 (ÇÇT) , Hamilton Anksiyete Ölçeği (HAM-A) ve Hamilton Depresyon Ölçeği (HAM-D) uygulanmış, hasta grubuna bağımlılık şiddetini değerlendiren Bağımlılık Profil İndeksi yapılmıştır. Veriler SPPS 22 ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: AKB olgularında obsesif inanışlar, travmatik yaşantılar, depresyon ve anksiyete skorları anlamlı olarak kontrol grubundan yüksek saptanmıştır. Travmatik yaşantılar ile obsesif inanışlar arasında ise anlamlı bir ilişki tesbit edilmemiştir. Obsesif inanışların en önemli öngörücüleri anksiyete ve depresyon skorları olduğu görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma alkol kullanım bozukluğu hastalarında obsesif inanışlar ile çocukluk çağı travmalarının ilişkisini değerlendiren ilk çalışma olması nedeniyle değerlidir. Bu alanda daha büyük örneklemde daha ileri analizler, tedavisi zor olan ve yinelemelerle giden bir bozukluk olan AKB için, risk faktörleri belirleme, önleyici müdaheleler oluşturma konusunda yararlı olacaktır.
Reviews the book, The Trauma of Racism: Lessons from the Therapeutic Encounter by Beverly J. Stoute and Michael Slevin (see record 2023-29437-000). The 22 essays gathered in the edited book by ...Beverly Stoute and Michael Slevin feature mostly Black and White authors who share lessons drawn from their clinical, theoretical, and personal experiences with anti-Black racism and racial trauma, in personal life, consulting room, community, and from film. These essays stand out, among a plethora of contemporary works that address racism and racial traumas, for two merits: First, many of the chapters are written from a first-person perspective, with a number of contributors reflecting on their personal experiences of marginalization, trauma, or privilege—racial or otherwise. The personal and vulnerable nature of their writings, refreshingly free (mostly) of jargon, lends the book a feel of intimacy and relatability. Collectively, their shared experiences offer a vision of a racial comportment centered on empathic recognition of humanity and dignity in all of us, both White and Black. Second, the book offers implicit and explicit consideration, weaved throughout but especially powerfully presented by Beverly Stoute, of psychic resilience of the oppressed people. Psychoanalytic consideration of psychic resilience of racially oppressed people is a topic previously neglected in the literature; yet it is a very important topic, as it offers insights into the psychic, intergenerational, and intersubjective factors that help oppressed people survive and thrive. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)
Background:
During an epidemic of a novel infectious disease, frontline medical staff suffer from high psychological stress. Previous studies have found that traumatic childhood experiences are ...associated with mental and physical health in adulthood. Anxiety and depression were measured and analyzed in relation to childhood trauma and coping styles. This study aims to explore the correlational study between traumatic childhood experiences and coping styles among nurse practitioners.
Method:
This study sampled 278 nurse practitioners from hospitals designated for the treatment of the novel coronavirus in Sichuan Province. The study measures included the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form. This research intends to use correlational study methods to explore the relationship between the two factors.
Results:
Statistical analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the general demographic data between the two groups.
Conclusion:
Childhood traumatic experiences have a significant impact on the active coping of nurse practitioners, and active coping may be emotionally protective for nurse practitioners.
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