The syndrome of relative energy deficiency in sports (RED-S) is the result of a prolonged period of low energy availability in athletes and leads to the deterioration of health and physical ...performance. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of RED-S-related health and performance problems in young Slovenian athletes, comparing middle (14-17 years) with late (18-21 years) adolescents.
We analysd data of 118 young athletes (61 females, 57 males) who had nutritional assessments. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the prevalence of RED-S-related problems. RED-S was diagnosed using the Relative Energy Deficiency Tool and the Sports Clinical Assessment Tool. Nutrition-related risk factors for RED-S were assessed with the use of a questionnaire and analysis of a three-day food diary.
The majority of athletes had at least one RED-S-related health disorder. The number of health-related disorders was significantly higher in females 3.0 (0.2) compared to males 1.6 (0.2). It was also significantly higher in middle 2.6 (0.2) compared to 1.9 (0.3) late adolescents. Potential nutritional risk factors for RED-S were low carbohydrate intake, skipping meals before and after practice, a desire to lose weight, and a history of weight loss in the past year.
The prevalence of health-related RED-S disorders and performance problems in young athletes is concerning, and our study indicates that middle adolescents are more vulnerable to this than late adolescents. Our findings suggest that screening for RED-S symptoms and nutrition-related risk factors for RED-S should be included in regular medical examination of young athletes.
Not much is known about the fall risk among the adult population of those who rarely visit doctors. We wanted to determine the prevalence of increased fall risk in a population of family practice ...non-attenders and the factors associated with it.
We included participants from family medicine practices in this cross-sectional study. To be included in the study, the participants had to be adults living in the community (home-dwelling people) who had not visited their chosen family physician in the last five years (non-attenders). The identification of the eligible persons was done through a search of electronic medical records, which yield 2,025 non-attenders. Community nurses collected data in the participants' homes. The outcome measure was increased fall risk as assessed by the Morse fall scale: increased risk (≥25) vs. no risk.
The sample consisted of 1,945 patients (96.0% response rate) with a mean age of 60.4 years (range 20.5 to 99.7 years). An increased fall risk was determined in 482 or 24.8% (95% CI: 22.9, 26.8) of the patients. The multivariate model showed a significant association of increased fall risk with higher age (p<0.001), lower systolic blood pressure (p=0.047), poor family function (p=0.016), increased risk of malnutrition (p=0.013), higher number of chronic diseases (p=0.027), higher pain intensity (p<0.001), lower self-assessment of current health (p=0.002), and higher dependence in daily activities (p<0.001).
Non-attenders may have an increased risk of falling which depends on their health status and age. The inclusion of community nurses in primary healthcare teams could be of use not only to identify the non-attenders' health needs, but also to better manage their health, especially the factors that were identified to be associated with greater fall risk.
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is measuring a patient's experience of his health status and represents an outcome of medical interventions. Existing data proves that a healthy lifestyle is ...positively associated with HRQoL in all age groups. Patients with a high risk for cardiovascular disease typically led an unhealthy lifestyle combined with risk diseases. We aimed to analyse these characteristics and their reflection in HRQoL.
A cross-sectional study in 36 family practices, stratified by location and size. Each practice invited 30 high-risk patients from the register. Data were obtained from medical records and patient questionnaire. The EQ-5D questionnaire and the VAS scale were used for measuring the patient's HRQoL as an independent variable.
871 patients (80.6% response rate) were included in the analysis. 60.0% had 3-4 uncontrolled risk factors for CVD. The average VAS scale was 63.2 (SD 19.4). The correlation of EQ-5D was found in the number of visits in the practice (r=-0.31, p<0.001), the socioeconomic status (r=-0.25, p=0.001), age (r=-0.27, p=0.001) and healthy diet (r=0.20, p=0.006). In a multivariate model, only physical activity among lifestyle characteristics was an independent predictor of HRQoL (p=0.001, t=3.3), along with the frequency of visits (p<0.001, t=-5.3) and age (p=0.025, t=-2.2).
This study has been performed on a specific group of patients, not being "really sick", but having less optimal lifestyle in many cases. Encouragement to improve or keep healthy lifestyle, especially physical activity, is important, not only to lower the risk for CVD, but also to improve HRQoL.
Prispevek obravnava osnovne strokovne termine v geografiji naravnih nesreč, s katerimi ne samo poimenujemo pojave, ampak vključujejo tudi teoretske in metodološke temelje stroke. Njihovi pomeni so ...obravnavani z vidika geografije, ki opredeljuje naravne nesreče kot sestavni del pokrajine in iz tega naj bi izhajal tudi geografski pomen teh izrazov. Poenotenje v okviru geografije je še pomembnejše zaradi interdisciplinarnega preučevanja naravnih nesreč, saj obstajajo precejšnje razlike med izrazjem sodelujočih strok.
Izhodišča: Samoocena zdravja predstavlja bolnikov občutek lastnega zdravja; vključuje biološke, sociološke in psihološke dejavnike. Pogosto se uporablja v populacijskih raziskavah, osebni zdravnik pa ...lahko z njeno pomočjo pridobi dodatne informacije o bolniku in njegovih potrebah.
In geodesy, reliable results are obtained with quality observations and the corresponding mathematical and stochastic models. One establishes if individual criteria and requirements during the ...measurement and calculation procedures are met by evaluating and testing typical parameters respectively -- procedures of statistical hypothesis testing being indispensable part of the process. In deformation analysis, statistical tests are applied for testing the assumptions about the parameters, for assessing the conformity of observations and the mathematical model, for detecting of gross errors in observations for identifying the conformity of allegedly fixed points between the epochs and for determining the points with statistically typical displacements. For the processing of quality measurement data, the task of a surveyor is to use a correct and reliable mathematical model, which provides a high degree of confidence in the results and reduces a client's risk. Methods of statistical hypothesis testing help experts to make decisions, but it is not possible to use them to replace measurement and calculation procedures in geodesy.
Notranjerevizijska dejavnost je dejavnost sodobnega časa. V Sloveniji v obdobju zadnjih desetih let zaznavamo izredno hiter razvoj in uveljavitev notranjega nadzora javnih financ na področju ...organizacij javnega zdravstva. Za proračunske uporabnike je notranjerevizijska dejavnost tudi predpisana z zakonom. Kot taka postaja v zadnjem času vse bolj vpeta tudi v poslovanje javnih zdravstvenih zavodov. Njeno delovanje označuje preizkušanje in ocenjevanje zadovoljivosti delovanja sistema notranjih kontrol in svetovanje pri njegovem izboljševanju zato, da bi zagotovili učinkovito in uspešno obvladovanje poslovnih tveganj bolnišnice. Poslovno tveganje razumemo kot vsak neugoden dogodek, ki vpliva na učinkovito in uspešno doseganje zastavljenih ciljev javnega zdravstvenega zavoda. Za obvladovanje tveganj je sicer odgovorno poslovodstvo, notranja revizija pa mu pri tem nudi ustrezno podporo. Svoje poslanstvo lahko notranja revizija izpolni uspešno le pod pogojem, da ima poslovodstvo ustrezno védenje in znanje o notranji reviziji.
An Internal Audit is the activity of modern times. Very rapid development and implementation of Public Internal Financial Control (PIFC) in the field of Public Health has been seen in Slovenia over the past ten years. For budget users, internal auditing is also required by law. Lately it is therefore becoming a very important part of business in public health institutions. The operations of an Internal Audit is characterised by the testing and evaluation of performance of the Internal Control System and consultation for enhancing performance with the purpose of providing efficient and successful business risk management of hospitals. Business risk is understood as any unpleasant event that intrudes on the effective and successful process of achieving the set business objectives of a health institution. While responsibility for Risk management lies with the management, internal Auditing can offer appropriate support. An Internal Audit can successfully complete its mission only if management has the appropriate knowledge and skills of internal auditing.
The bestselling project management text for students and professionalsnow updated and expandedThis Eleventh Editionof the bestselling "bible" of project management maintains the streamlined approach ...of the prior editions and moves the content even closer to PMI's Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). New content has been added to this edition on measuring project management ROI, value to the organization and to customers, and much more. The capstone "super" case on the "Iridium Project" has been maintained, covering all aspects of project management. Increased use of sidebars throughout the book helps further align it with the PMBOK and the Project Management Professional (PMP) Certification Exam.This new edition features significant expansion, including more than three dozen entirely new sections and updates on process supporting; types of project closure; project sponsorship; and culture, teamwork, and trust. This comprehensive guide to the principles and practices of project management:Offers new sections on added value, business intelligence, project governance, and much moreProvides twenty-five case studies covering a variety of industries, almost all of which are real-world situations drawn from the author's practiceIncludes 400 discussion questions and more than 125 multiple-choice questionsServes as an excellent study guide for the PMP Certification Exam
Prepared jointly with the Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, and the Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources. Exchange of information and opinion among ...individuals, groups, and institutions. Partial contents: Understanding hazards and risks; Purposes of risk communication and risk messages; Common misconceptions about risk communication.
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