Purpose: The main purpose of the article was to present accommodation offered by selected sixteen state universities located in the following cities: Warsaw, Cracow, Poznań, Wrocław, Łódź, Gdańsk, ...Toruń. A supplementary objective was to draw attention to the fact that student dormitories constitute a specific product within the real estate market. Methodology: The first stage of the study consisted in a literature query. Next, using the direct observation method, a database comprising accommodation offered by the selected universities was created. The database includes 155 observations. As a result of applying the three sigma rule, two outlier observations were discarded, while the rest were analysed using statistical methods. Findings: The university function makes the real estate market of university cities a specific one and requires appropriate spatial management. The accommodation offered by the analysed universities remains highly diverse and varies considerably in price, despite the fact that all the dormitories are among public resources. Investment is required to adapt the provided accommodation to the needs of people with disabilities. Implications and recommendations: It seems that state universities should consider organizing an information campaign addressing the prices of accommodation – primarily those competitively priced. In the period featuring a declining number of students, such a factor can significantly promote a particular university. Originality/value: The results of the research are useful for both students and university administration.
Şehirlerin sınıflandırılması için birtakım ölçütlere gerek duyulmaktadır. Bu ölçütler değişken olmakla birlikte asıl amacı şehirlerin arazi kullanımındaki farklılaşmayı ve birbirleri ile olan ...ilişkilerini anlamaktır. Günümüzde şehirlerin tanımlanması için yaygın olarak kullanılan ölçütler idari sınırlar, nüfus ve ekonomik faaliyetlerdir. Bu çalışmada üç devlet üniversitesi bulunan Eskişehir’in, uzun yıllardır sözü edilen “üniversite şehri” kimliği sorgulanmıştır. Üniversite şehri fonksiyonunu tanımlamak için; literatür taraması, toplanan veriler ve arazi çalışmaları sonucunda, “beşeri unsurlar ve mekânsal göstergeler” olarak iki ana kriter ve alt kriterler oluşturulmuştur. Beşeri unsurlar; üniversiteye kayıtlı öğrenci nüfusu, ulaşım özellikleri, mal ve hizmete erişim, barınma, yerel yönetimlerin desteği, istihdam, sosyo-kültürel imkânlardır. Mekânsal göstergelerde ise şehir içindeki farklı amaçlar için kullanılan alanlar dikkate alınarak Üniversite Caddesi’ndeki işletmeler değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca Eskişehir’de kentsel mekân kullanımına ilişkin öğrenci, yerel halk ve ortak alan olmak üzere üç ana alışveriş alanı belirlenmiştir. Son olarak Covid-19 döneminde üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitime geçmesi ve bunun şehirde görülen etkileri tartışılmıştır.
Criteria are needed to classify cities. The criteria are variable and its purpose is to understand the differentiation in the land use of cities.The criteria used to define cities today are administrative borders, population and economic activities. In the study, the identity of Eskişehir, which has three state universities, as a "university city", which has been mentioned for years, questioned. To define university city function; As a result of literature review, collected data and field studies, two main criteria established as “human factors and spatial indicators”. Human elements; student population registered at the university, transportation features, access to goods and services, accommodation, support of local governments, employment, socio-cultural opportunities. Spatial indicators; The businesses on University Street in city evaluated. In Eskişehir, three main shopping areas determine in the urban space: students, local people, common areas. During Covid-19, universities' transition to distance education and its effects in the city discussed.
Üniversiteler eğitim ve araştırma misyonu ön planda olan kurumlar olsa da, kuruldukları kentlerin kalkınmasında üniversitelerin önemli işlevlere sahip olduğu söylenebilir. Bu noktada üniversite ...kurulması planlanan kentlerin gelişime açık bir potansiyelinin olması gerekmektedir. Gelişme potansiyeli taşımayan kentlerde üniversiteler açılarak o kentlerin kalkınmasının amaçlanması, içerisinde birçok riski barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Tunceli kentinin tarihsel süreçten günümüze ekonomik, demografik sosyo-kültürel, mekânsal yapısındaki değişim süreçleri, Munzur Üniversitesi’nin kuruluşu paralelinde ele alınarak değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada nitel yönteme dayalı içerik analizi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada, üniversite kent ilişkisine dair yabancı ve yerli literatürde yer alan kitap, makale, tez ve internet kaynaklarına, resmi kurum ve sivil toplum örgütlerinin rapor ve dokümanlarından yararlanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Munzur Üniversitesi’nin kentin ekonomik, demografik, sosyo-kültürel ve mekânsal gelişimine sınırlı düzeyde etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu durumun başlıca kentin tarihsel süreçten itibaren farklı alanlarda sahip olduğu dezavantajlı konumundan ve Türkiye’de üniversitelerin kuruluş süreçlerindeki planlama eksikliklerinden kaynaklandığı söylenebilir.
The importance of education, knowledge and science in today’s world cannot be overstated. The competitiveness of an educational organisation depends on the development of the urban space in which it ...is located. Transformation processes in society have led to changes in the formats of interaction in the system “city-university” from the perspective of considering the city as a consumer of highly qualified personnel and commercialised innovations, and universities as an environment for creating innovations, knowledge and a source of highly qualified personnel, actualising the trend of their joint development in order to build up intellectual and innovative potential. Based on the comparative analysis and comparison of data from open scientific publications and the most famous world and Russian ratings, the paper studies Russian cities and universities, which occupy a leading position in the country in the field of education from the viewpoint of their attractiveness for education at the national and global levels. The peculiarities of the most attractive Russian cities for education are outlined. The necessity of stimulating the demand for innovative education on the part of urban business structures within the Triple Helix concept is highlighted.
In view of the isolation of the software and hardware teaching environment, isolation of various online teaching platforms and lack of coordination of data, it is not conducive for further promotion ...of ‘Internet Plus Teaching’ and the improvement of online teaching. The Trinity teaching platform, namely ‘Learning in Zhejiang University City College’ is built against the background of digitalisation reform in colleges and universities. The teaching platform integrates the smart classroom, the Zhiyun Classroom (online classroom) and the curriculum platform. The platform breaks through the limitation of time and space, connects the teaching process and implements the integrated ‘teaching, learning, evaluation and management’ based on data collaboration. It is fully applied in Zhejiang University City College, and is stable, efficient and convenient, with a high access rate and better interaction between teachers and students. It effectively implements closed-loop management of the teaching process, changes the educational form of teacher education, student learning and school management. It also adapts to the cultivation of innovative and individualised talents under the new situation, and further deepens reforms of ‘Internet Plus Teaching’. It provides a solid support for the whole process management of student learning.
William Clark’s methodological tools applied to the study of the history and philosophy of higher education are presented in a series of articles 1996-2003 and especially in his book “Academic ...Charisma and the Origins of the Research University” (2006). The last was a result of Clark’s long and accurate work in many areas of research, most of which have yet formed as academic fields. The author sets an ambitious task to examine evolution of academic practice (mainly German) as a process of bureaucratization and capitalization of education through the prism of academic charisma. Considering it as one of the types of legitimate dominance in the scientific world, W. Clark describes a scholar not in three spatial coordinates (of which he talks in the introduction), but in four: religion, politics, economics, and state/city. The last allows Clark to mark universities that accept or reject certain methods of transferring academic charisma on the educational landscape of the city. Another issue that is a key to the search of the basics of research university, is the question of the gradual suppression of oral culture by writing. In other words, how “say and be” (the phrase invented by the authors of this review) turned into “print or disappear” (aphorism cited many times by the author of the book). This question includes a number of others, which we point out analyzing the academic space, which, in the author’s mind, is broken up, collected and rebroken up into fragments of tables, catalogues, lists, statutes, tables, graphs, reports, questionnaires, dossiers, etc. Despite the fact that the translation of William Clark’s book into Russian was carried out in 2017, the methodology proposed is undeservedly little known to the researchers of higher education and, in general, has not received fundamental review in the scientific tradition. Its main provisions will be outlined in the framework of this article.
Тhе University City in Madrid is one of the most ambitious projects of the Spanish rationalist architecture of the late 1920s - the first half of the 1930s, a symbol of the reality and utopia of the ...republican desire to transform Spain. The fate of the university campus acquired a special tragedy during the civil war, acts of terror, bombing and fierce battles, the use of buildings for wartime needs, all this led the buildings of the campus to a deplorable state, not only in a physical sense, but also in a symbolic one - the destruction of rationalistic archi-tectural forms was accompanied by the collapse of the dream of a new modernized Spain, built on reasonable and fair prin-ciples. At the present stage, due to the “memorial turn”, as well as the return of “republican memory” and the experience of the legacy of the “difficult past” by Spanish society, it seems natural to turn to the symbolic heritage of Тhе Univer-sity City in Madrid. Cultural transformations of the XXI cen-tury. determined the impact of the “memorial turn” not only on historical research, but also on the sphere of artistic crea-tivity. As for historians, the subject of research is increasing-ly becoming the memory of the past, so in literature - not the ups and downs of the plot, but the construction, interpretation and translation of memories become the basis of a work of art. The symbolic image of Тhе University City in Madrid al-so appears on the pages of Antonio Muñoz Molina's novel In the Night of Time (2009), which plunges the reader into a stream of reconstructed memory of the tragic events of the 1930s. in Spain, built around the construction of a campos in Moncloa.
One of the main aspects to describe the relationship between University and City is studying the material and intangible relationships (typology, unit of measurement, quantity) among the different ...elements, subjects and places involved and therefore analysing the role that the university system assumes with respect to the urban system. University City, in fact, means a specific urban structure characterized by the maximum expression of the relations system (social, environmental, economic) that can exist between university institution and administrative/political institution: in particular, the physical connections linked to the spatial location of university structures within the urban fabric. Historically, in Italy, universities were not organized in a specific building type, but the extremely professional characteristics brought them closer to the city community and, consequently, allowed them to assume the same morphology of the urban fabric around. Some cities have emphasized their being University Cities over time, including Pavia. With just over 71,000 inhabitants and 22,000 university students in a ratio of 3.22, city and university have always evolved and transformed themselves in an organic, though often uncoordinated, way. The need to implement forms of sustainable mobility aimed at improving the connections between university and city center, useful also to trigger deep urban regeneration processes, carried to experiment a collaborative planning process between university, municipality and the main involved stakeholders. The main aim is to develop an overall strategy throughout the entire municipal territory and to define lines of actions (tactics) for the creation of a soft mobility network within the Pavia context as University City. The participatory process is implemented with the use of a Collaborative Planning tool based on Google functionalities. In the paper, authors describe the main elements of this project.
The relationship between a university and its city is considered strategical to achieve university targeted ambitions and visions. The university-city relationship is also encouraged for the benefit ...of the city, as universities unleash their respective cities’ potentials to act as driving forces not only for their local communities, but also for the whole nation. Therefore, maintaining a mutual relationship between the university and the city is considered essential to accomplish strategic goals for both. However, the nature of this relationship is quite complex, overlapped, interconnected, and diverse. Therefore, this paper conducted a systematic review of the literature on university-city and campus-city relationships to evaluate recent research trends to uncover the aspects that connect universities with their respective cities. The search included articles published in 4 different databases from January 1990 to January 2021. A total number of 50 articles were selected in this review. The findings uncovered different aspects that could help or hinder university-city relationship based on the physical and functional linkage between the campus and the city. Moreover, findings have shown that it is necessary to understand universities according to their contextual differences, as universities have shown different impacts on their respective cities in terms of their sizes and locations. Results have also shown that the impact of the physical connection between the university and the city goes far beyond campus’s accessibility as it deeply affects students’ social life as well. Therefore, decision makers, stakeholders, and university administrators need to co-design campus development process especially in the early stages to maximize the mutual benefits of campus-city relationship. The main conclusions of this paper address several perspectives and lessons for a more sustainable campus-city relationship.
University City concept means a specific urban structure characterized by the maximum expression of the relations system (social, environmental, economic) that can exist between university ...institution and administrative/political institution: in particular, the physical connections linked to the spatial location of university structures within the urban fabric. In Pavia, between Municipality and University the development of common mobility strategies has been practically developed since the seventies of the XX century by Giancarlo De Carlo plan. From this period on, the centrality of the city emerged as magnet for the first and second tiers of adjacent Municipalities. The need to implement forms of sustainable mobility aimed at improving the connections between university and city center, useful also to trigger deep urban regeneration processes, carried to experiment a collaborative planning process between university, Municipality and the main involved stakeholders. The main aim is to develop an overall strategy throughout the entire municipal territory and to define lines of actions (tactics) for the creation of a soft mobility network within the Pavia context as University City. The participatory process is implemented with the use of a Collaborative Planning tool based on Google functionalities. In the paper, authors describe the main elements of this project.