Izhodišča: Prehransko stanje posameznika uvrščamo med ključne dejavnike njegovega zdravja. Za učinkovito individualno in multidisciplinarno obravnavo stanj, povezanih s prehranskim stanjem ...posameznika, moramo dobro poznati terminologijo klinične prehrane. Ker je klinična prehrana kot medicinska stroka razvita tudi pri nas, v tujini pa so tovrstni terminološki dokumenti že na voljo, želimo tudi v Sloveniji na podlagi konsenza oblikovati enotno terminologijo.
Metode: Prispevek je osnovan na podlagi eksplicitnega terminološkega dogovora. K sodelovanju smo povabili obsežno skupino relevantnih slovenskih strokovnjakov s kliničnih, predkliničnih in drugih področij, ki so povezana z dejavnostjo klinične prehrane v medicini, pri oblikovanju pa je sodeloval tudi terminolog s področja medicine. Kot izhodišče smo izbrali terminološke smernice Evropskega združenja za klinično prehrano in presnovo ter ob njih upoštevali najnovejša strokovna priporočila za posamezne pojme. Avtorji so bili v stiku prek osebnih srečanj in elektronske pošte. Pri končnem oblikovanju konsenza je sodelovalo 42 avtorjev iz 19 slovenskih ustanov.
Rezultati: Predstavljamo temeljne pojme, terminološke definicije in pripadajoče slovenske termine s področja klinične prehrane. Opredelili smo osnovne motnje prehranjenosti – podhranjenost, prekomerno hranjenost, neravnovesje mikrohranil in sindrom ponovnega hranjenja. Poleg tega smo opredelili tudi s prehranjenostjo povezana stanja – sarkopenijo in krhkost. Osnovne pojme smo podprli s kliničnim kontekstom, v katerem nastopajo.
Zaključki: Poenoteno razumevanje osnovnih patoloških stanj, ki jih obravnava klinična prehrana, je izhodišče za nadaljnji razvoj stroke, poleg tega pa je podlaga tudi za prehransko obravnavo in učinkovito prehransko oskrbo.
Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most prevalent type of anaemia and a common cause for patient referrals to the haematology outpatient clinic. The aim of this study was to determine ...the number of patients with IDA treated at the Haematology Outpatient Clinic of the UMC Ljubljana in the period of two years, as well as to inquire into the causes for their referrals to the clinic, patient characteristics, their complete blood count results at initial examination, the prescribed therapy, the number and the causes of their follow-up visits. We draw special attention to the IDA onset mechanism, the microcytic anaemia therapy principles and the indications prompting a referral of an IDA patient to the haematology specialist. Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients who were referred to the Haematology outpatient clinic of the UMC Ljubljana for examination in the two-year period between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2015 and had been diagnosed with IDA on the basis of their clinical picture and their CBC values. Data were collected with the Hipokrat IT system and statistically evaluated with Microsoft Excel. Results: In the period relevant for our research, 277 patients of those who were referred to the Haematology outpatient clinic for medical examination were diagnosed with IDA. 11.6 % of these patients were male and 88.4 % female; 62.1 % of the female patients were of childbearing age. IDA was specified as the referral diagnosis in the cases of no more than 39 % of the patients referred to the specialist outpatient clinic, whilst the medical condition of the remaining percentage of patients was not identified by the referring doctor. Comorbidities were observed in 50.2 % of the patients, and for 62.5 % of the patients a follow-up appointment was scheduled by the treating haematologist. Of all patients, 63.5 % were treated with an intravenous iron preparation during their first examination at the outpatient clinic and a transfusion of erythrocytes was administered during such an examination to 4.3 % of the patients. Conclusion: Patients with IDA were often treated at our Haematology Outpatient Clinic in the relevant two-year period. The data indicates a poor recognition rate of this prevalent type of anaemia. IDA is not a blood disorder and the referral of IDA patients to the Haematology Outpatient Clinic is justified in the case of severe microcytic anaemia, when the patient does not respond to the oral or intravenous iron replacement therapy or if a concomitant change in the CBC persists despite the effective treatment with iron preparations.
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