The study analysed H2020 projects in the wood industry using SNA methods. It was mainly performed using R. Based on the data set from CORDIS, an adjacency matrix was constructed and used to plot the ...network of project participants. Various network indicators were then calculated. In search of notable distributions in network research, several statistical methods (maximum likelihood, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, moments, bootstrapping) were used to perform a goodness-offit analysis on the frequencies of the degrees to verify randomness or scale-freedom. The small-world nature was also investigated. The results show that the distribution of the degrees of project participants reflects multiple effects, whereas the number of project participations per project participant follows a power distribution; thus, the scale-freedom that has been emphasised in many scientific analyses is observed. The network indicators show that the network is not small-world, with a high number of Finnish participants among the central actors.
This article presents the rationale for modelling the process of internal recapture of wood fibre from wastewater in fibreboard production using conventional refining methods and a new refiner disc ...design. New experimental studies to obtain mathematical dependencies for confirming the possibility of reusing cellulosic fines in comparing conventional and new refiner discs for fibreboard production are presented. Models reflecting the internal reuse of cellulosic fines from wastewater were developed. In this article, for comparative assessment of the efficiency of the proposed technologies, an environmental and economic assessment of cellulosic fines in modelling the process of its obtainment in fibreboard production was performed.
This article presents a sustainable solution to repurpose paper/wood industry waste as a geotechnical construction material. A novel lignosulphonate (LS)-based composite admixture (CA) was used in ...this study to cope with construction problems pertaining to expansive soils. Surface water infiltration in terms of rainfall and surface water irrigation are the prime factors that cause volumetric change behavior and a drastic reduction in shear strength due to loss in suction that eventually causes failure in expansive soils. Such failures are comprised of complex hydromechanical phenomena and their remediation requires special attention. In this context, this study for the first time deals with the use of LS-based CA as a remedy to such failures in expansive soils considering the hydromechanical properties. To better understand the hydraulic response, the specially designed soil-column model tests (SCMTs) were conducted. Besides, different geotechnical experiments and microstructural analyses were carried out to analyze the hydromechanical behavior of CA treatment against the varying degree of saturation (Sr). The results showed that LS-based CA treatment increases the water holding capacity over a suction range of 78.4 kPa and air entry value (AEV) by 33%. Also, the SCMT showed that the wetting-front depth (WFD) at full saturation in CA treated expansive soil was 4–10% quicker than untreated expansive soil. In addition, for the increase in Sr from optimum to 100%, the decrease in cohesion (c) value for untreated and treated soil was found to be 88% and 39.8%, and the increase in compressibility was 37% and 17%, respectively, highlighting better resistance against Sr. Whereas, the swelling potential was completely eradicated with a significant reduction in volumetric shrinkage by 43% compared to untreated soil. The microstructural analyses showed the development of apparent aggregation with the Sr in untreated expansive soil, whereas the CA treatment-induced better structure with bigger size particles with disrupted inter and intra assemblage pore spaces. The results showed that LS-based CA manifests substantial hydromechanical stability against variation in Sr. Overall, this study provides the scientific basis to the practitioners for the pragmatic use of LS-based CA in treating expansive soil problems.
•Paper/wood industry waste is reused for hydromechanical stability of expansive soil•Physical soil column model tests are designed and conducted to determine suction•Suction, strength, compressibility and volume change behavior performance w.r.t. Sr•Lignosulphonate based-CA gives water holding capacity and hydromechanical stability•Lignosulphonate based-CA is found to be a comprehensive expansive soil stabilizer
Organic waste management in environmentally sustainable way is important not only to reduce the negative impacts on ecosystems but also valorizing the waste resources. Herein we evaluated the ...potential of wood ash (WA) and paper sludge (PS) wastes from a pulp and paper mill as potting media and their effects on the physicochemical properties of podzolic soil.
WA, PS and biochar (BC) was mixed in different combinations with a sandy loam podzolic soil. Potting media treatments included: T1–soil (negative control); T2–PromixTM (positive control); T3–50%soil+50%WA; T4–75%soil+25%WA; T5–50%soil+50%PS; T6–75%soil+25%PS; T7–75%soil+25%BC; T8–25%soil+50%WA+25%BC; T9–50%soil+25%WA+25%BC; T10–25%soil+50%PS+25%BC; T11–50%soil+25%PS+25%BC, T12– 25%soil+25%WA+25%PS+25%BC and replicated three times.
Potting media treatments expressed significant (p < 0.00) effects on pH, bulk density, total porosity, field capacity, plant available water (PAW) and water retention curves. Potting media amended with WA showed high pH range (8–12) while PS amendments exhibited pH in range where most plant nutrients are available (6.5–7.5). Results depicted significantly lower bulk density, and increased total porosity and water holding capacity of potting media amended with WA and PS. BC addition further enhanced the water retention properties compared to combinations without BC. T6, T10 and T11 produced higher amounts of PAW with desired pH compared to T1 and T2.
WA, PS and BC showed high potential for developing podzolic soil-based potting media, but their effects on plant growth and elemental uptake need to be investigated.
•Valorization of organic waste is important to improve environmental sustainability through recycling of valuable waste.•Herein we investigated the potential applications of wood ash and paper sludge as a potting media for horticultural crops.•Wood ash and paper sludge improved the physicochemical properties of podzolic soil.•Paper sludge was more effective than wood ash in improving soil hydrological properties for better plant growth.•Furthermore, the incorporation of biochar in the potting media enhanced water holding capacity.
Introduction: Health problems caused by environmental factors are still one of the main things to note. One of the dangers in the work environment is the presence of organic dust including wood dust. ...Organic dust flying in the air is able to interfere with the health of the workers through the respiratory tract. The resulting wood dust is at risk causing lung faal status disorders in workers. This article aims to explore risks factors for wood dust exposure to the status of lung faal in wood industry workers based on the previously performed research from published journals. Discussion: This research used a method of literature study with a comparative study approach. The selected research should be in appropriated with the topic and through the protocols that have been set to become secondary data. The results of data analysis indicated that almost all research use observational analytic types with cross sectional approaches. Wood dust that has entered through the respiratory tract worker is influenced by several variables. The most often used risk factors as a research variable are dust levels, age, use of PPE, and smoking habit. Conclusion: The research can be concluded that independent variables of selected research are less varied. The selected research variables already existed in previous research. Upcoming researchers are expected to be able display new variables that are suspected to affect the status of the lung Faal on wood industry workers.
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