Employees who abuse Internet privileges have become a major concern among today's employers. Employees misuse Internet at the workplace due to the overcrowded schedule, pressures at work, etc. ...Internet for private purposes is also used as a release or escape from work, escape from the reality of the workplace or due to poor organizational climate; it can be used as an efficient use of time at work but it can also be excessively used when the employees are not monitored. The survey results show that there is a correlation between Internet addiction and misuse of the Internet in the workplace. Electronic monitoring has a strong impact on the abuse of the Internet. More electronic monitoring will decrease the abuse of the internet services in the workplace and vice versa. Organizational climate, relations in the working organization, the Internet policy and demographic factors do not affect the abuse of Internet services in the workplace.
This study describes the introduction of a new working organization in an administrative office of the Italian public sector. Staff members actively contributed and realized their ideas to improve ...service and increase organizational flexibility. These improvements resulted in a paradox: they went unrecognized by the staff members themselves who moreover sabotaged them to reproduce the organizational malfunctions existent prior to the changes. This study aims to understand both why staff members rejected the changes that they themselves had proposed and why they sought to return to their previous situation. The analysis seeks to shed light on the importance of individual recognition for the public employee and how this variable influences both barriers to, and opportunities for, innovation in the public service organization.
In 1994, a Ph.D.-study started regarding pharmacy, organization and management (APOM) in the Netherlands. This article describes the final phase of the study in community pharmacy practice: ...managerial problems in change to the customer and the difference between supported pharmacy managers and independent ones. It appeared that pharmacy managers experienced problems with the formulation and use of aims, norms, and measurements. Although many organizations operating in the pharmaceutical sector are a good source for new ideas, they lack to have the proper support for these problems. The difference between supported and independent pharmacy managers was minimal in the change to the customer. Pharmacy managers are in need of micro-instrumentalization: aims, norms, and monitor instruments for customer activities applicable at their own pharmacy. Moreover, pharmacy managers will have to learn how to deal with the tension between money and care in order to improve the 'grip' on their organization.
In 1994, a Ph.D.-study started regarding pharmacy, organization and management (APOM) in the Netherlands. The APOM-project deals with the structuring and steering of pharmacy organization. This ...article describes a summary of the theoretical background of the project and the empirical results of a pilot study (n = 24). No generalization to the population of pharmacies in the Netherlands was made. Three mixes of objectives in pharmacy organization were theoretically postulated; the product mix, the process mix, and the customer mix. Mainly, the purpose of the pilot study was method selection. Additionally, it was studied if thought and action of pharmacy managers corresponded, and, if theoretical pharmacy mixes corresponded with the empirical pharmacy mixes. Two methods were selected to be applied in a survey. Thought and action did not correspond for most pharmacy managers. Thought related to customer and product mainly, and action related to process and customer mainly.
In 1994, a Ph.D-study started regarding pharmacy, organization and management (APOM) in the Netherlands. The APOM-project deals with the structuring and steering of pharmacy organization. This ...article describes the summary of the empirical results of a survey in a relatively large sample (n = 169). Generalization to the population of pharmacies in the Netherlands was made. Thought results comprised a total number of seven clusters of priorities of pharmacy mixes. Most pharmacy managers were observed with product and customer activities in the first position; pharmaceutical and customer activities were perceived as the most important. Action results comprised a total number of five clusters of activities of pharmacy mixes. Most pharmacy managers were observed with product and process activities in the first position; pharmaceutical and process activities were performed most frequently. The results showed that the traditional conception of the work in the community pharmacy is still vividly present.
An in-depth case study approach was followed and data were collected by means of nine semi-structured interviews with experts from six case organizations. Our findings indicate that gamification of ...work can be a promising path for working organizations and can be beneficial to both employers and employees. The success of gamification at the workplace is dependent on whether its implementation is able to fulfill employees’ psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. To make the most out of gamification at the workplace, employers, supervisors, and employees themselves should pay ample attention to its conditions (i.e., personal preferences of the employees, their demographic characteristics, their need for psychological safety, and the purposefulness of the game). In addition, seven psychological mechanisms underlying successful performance were found in our empirical work (i.e., competition, intrinsic incentives, extrinsic incentives, choice, social interaction, feedback, and ownership). The properties of gamification schemes that also have to be dealt with by the parties involved comprise their duration and intensity, the inclusion of a facilitator, the type of equipment, and scale referring to the size of the gamification scheme. Finally, our study has provided more insight into the possible effects of gamification schemes (i.e., increased insight in the workflow and, through this, a better understanding of both the employees’ own contributions and of their employers’ contributions to the work processes, the transfer of game elements into work processes, team building enhancement, learning effects, and negative emotions).
This paper deals with the use of information and communication technologies for the purposes of surveillance in working organizations in general and in Serbia as well. Until now, explosive ...development of information and communication technologies provided unprecedented possibilities for employee's surveillance. In line with that, fundamental questions that lie in the core of this paper are, firstly, in which way and extent new surveillance technologies empower employers as owners of the complete production process, and secondly, whether usage of new surveillance technologies will fulfill the long-lasting capitalists desire to make workforce a predictable component of the working process. Beside defining theoretical framework and analyzing different aspects of work surveillance, we have conducted an empirical research in the form of 15 in-depth interviews with people employed in different types of Serbian working organizations. The results of our research showed that surveillance practice is widespread in both international and domestic working organizations. What is even more surprising, the employees, with the exception of rare and sporadic resistant strategies, quite readily accept surveillance as a natural fact without any idea that their working and human rights have been violated.
In the article, the authors substantiate the need to consider the regional economic and other conditions when carrying out various essential transformations in the national economy of the country. We ...have argued the importance of new industrialization for overcoming the technological lag of the country and its regions and for supporting the large-scale structural transformations. We have proved that the complex set of the interconnected concepts and the theories of macro- and microlevels may be the theoretical platform for the paradigm of new industrialization. These are the theory of economic growth, the theory of the modernization of the economy, the theory of the change of technological ways during the industrial revolutions, theories of innovative development, developments in the field of the institutional theory. The authors have shown that the transition to new industrialization is the fundamental historical pattern for the majority of the countries of the world, including industrially developed ones. The purpose of the article is to identify the brightest tendencies and features of the development of the Ural macro-region in the years of market reforms as well as the definition of the strategic transformations in the context of the formation of new industrialization. The hypothesis of the research assumes that the revealed regional features of the Ural macroregion’s economic development are the prerequisites of its development as the centre of the modernization of the Russian economy. On the basis of the analysis of three groups of statistic data for the twenty-five year period of liberal and monetary reforms, the brightest tendencies and features of the development of the Ural macro-region are revealed. We have emphasized that the Ural macro-region has managed to keep its historically developed code — the industrial model of the economy, which have been developing for many decades. The authors have made a significant contribution of new statistical information to the knowledge of regional economy because, since 2000, the regional statistics in the country have been operated to the data on federal districts, but not on large economic districts. We have allocated and considered several strategic directions of the structural transformations promoting the activation of the processes of the formation of new industrialization in the space of studied macro-region. The results of the research can serve as a reference point for the strategies of regional development
In the article, the authors substantiate the need to consider the regional economic and other conditions when carrying out various essential transformations in the national economy of the country. We ...have argued the importance of new industrialization for overcoming the technological lag of the country and its regions and for supporting the large-scale structural transformations. We have proved that the complex set of the interconnected concepts and the theories of macro- and microlevels may be the theoretical platform for the paradigm of new industrialization. These are the theory of economic growth, the theory of the modernization of the economy, the theory of the change of technological ways during the industrial revolutions, theories of innovative development, developments in the field of the institutional theory. The authors have shown that the transition to new industrialization is the fundamental historical pattern for the majority of the countries of the world, including industrially developed ones. The purpose of the article is to identify the brightest tendencies and features of the development of the Ural macro-region in the years of market reforms as well as the definition of the strategic transformations in the context of the formation of new industrialization. The hypothesis of the research assumes that the revealed regional features of the Ural macroregion’s economic development are the prerequisites of its development as the centre of the modernization of the Russian economy. On the basis of the analysis of three groups of statistic data for the twenty-five year period of liberal and monetary reforms, the brightest tendencies and features of the development of the Ural macro-region are revealed. We have emphasized that the Ural macro-region has managed to keep its historically developed code — the industrial model of the economy, which have been developing for many decades. The authors have made a significant contribution of new statistical information to the knowledge of regional economy because, since 2000, the regional statistics in the country have been operated to the data on federal districts, but not on large economic districts. We have allocated and considered several strategic directions of the structural transformations promoting the activation of the processes of the formation of new industrialization in the space of studied macro-region. The results of the research can serve as a reference point for the strategies of regional development
Due to increasing production costs and the demands for Cross Compliance an easy and precisely documentation of working time is getting more important in agriculture and viticulture. Whilst smaller ...enterprises may ignore the costs of production an improvement in wine production can only be achieved if a producer is able to trace his effort and gets a precise idea where and how many working hours are spend during the entire production process. Especially in vineyards the grape producers have just a chance to make profits whether they are able to increase yields or getting a better efficiency by reduction in working hours. Other producers with direct marketing often ignore the factor of working hours while calculating the prices per bottle of wine. The labour hours of the family members in small businesses are generally unpaid and mostly uncalculated. With the help of a GPS documentation software, the wine growers will be able to record and analyse the required time of every production step individually. Implementing such technologies may assist finding possible savings of viticulture work and provides all legal requirements including Cross compliance. The aim of this study was to investigate several issues of vineyard cultivation like various degrees of terrestrial inclination, different mechanisation systems, trellis systems, and strategies for wine quality intensification. The first part is about a modern interpretation of wide row vineyards where the distance of the rows alternate between 2 and 4 m width. The amount of labour required within an experimental vineyard was approximately 85.2 h ha-1. The second part deals with three different education systems in one vineyard, which were compared to each other to find the strategy with best ratio of quality to efficiency. The third part covers aspects of labour efficiency comparing intensive cultivated vines for the production of high price wines versus an extensive cultivation for basic wine quality for ‘Riesling’ and ‘Pinot Noir’ grapes. The result of the intensive treatment was 533.4 h ha-1, compared to only 181.8 h ha-1 under extensive treatment.
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