The study purpose was to substantiate theoretical and methodological grounds and the concept of a research program of the training process based on modeling of individual components of the young ...gymnasts’ training system.
Materials and methods. The study involved: 30 gymnasts – 3rd senior category, 30 gymnasts – 2nd senior category, 26 gymnasts – 1st senior category. Young gymnasts participating in the experiment received athletic titles from the 1st category to master of sports (1st c. – 18 persons, CMS – 15 persons, MS – 12), won competitions of different levels.
To substantiate the research program, the study used the following methods: modeling, systems approach, methods of theoretical analysis and generalization to reveal the essence, leading development trends of the young gymnasts’ training system and to define theoretical prerequisites and methodological approaches to its further improvement; pedagogical testing, methods of recording sensorimotor reactions, methods of recording the cardiovascular system state, observation and pedagogical experiment to determine young gymnasts’ model characteristics, modes of training loads; methods of mathematical analysis (logistic and asymptotic functions) to determine the regularities of allocating the means of primary focus during motor abilities development, teaching gymnastic exercises and training for competitions; mathematical methods of planning multifactorial experiments to study the regularities of motor abilities development, teaching process and training for competitions. The obtained experimental material was processed using statistical analysis software (SPSS 20).
Results. The developed conceptual approaches to determining the normative characteristics of training loads in the process of young gymnasts’ training include: analysis of the effects of different modes of training on a change in the functional state; determination of the optimal increase in the functional state indicators; calculation of a mode of training that can ensure the optimal increase in the indicators of young gymnasts’ functional state.
Conclusions. The developed research program makes it possible to define the regularities of motor abilities development, teaching gymnastic exercises and training for competitions; to obtain the models of young gymnasts’ training process. As a result of implementing the research program, the study substantiated factorial designs for studying the influence of modes of alternation of exercises and rest on the effectiveness of motor abilities development, motor skills formation, and the effectiveness of training young gymnasts for competitions.
The research aimed at identifying the differences between pre and post-test in controlling and experimental groups as well as identifying the differences between both groups in posttests of circle ...skill and identifying the rule of the mushroom in learning the skill understudy. The researchers used the experimental method on (8) gymnasts aged (6 – 8) years old from Baghdad/ AL Rusafa divided into two equal groups. The researchers designed and made mechanical mushroom to teach circle skill in artistic gymnastics. The results showed that the mechanical mushroom has a significant effect on earning circle skill in artistic gymnastics.
The purpose of this study was to substantiate and create a technique for the development of movement plastique in gymnastics at the initial training stage and experimentally verify its effectiveness.
...Materials and methods: The study participants were 28 boys aged 6-7 engaged in gymnastics (14 – control group and 14 – experimental group). To achieve the purpose set, the study used the following research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing and methods of mathematical statistics.
Results: The use of a special technique that includes exercises developing expressive movements, exercises of classical and parterre choreography, rhythmic gymnastics and elementary dance exercises at the initial training stage in gymnastics improved the development level of movement plastique and its individual components, in particular the amplitude and dynamism (at p<0.05), the accuracy and the degree of using accompanying movements (at p<0.001). The study revealed strong and average correlations between the individual indicators and movement plastique in general.
Conclusion: The study defined the criteria and modern requirements for gymnasts’ movement plastique, as well as its individual indicators: amplitude, accuracy, degree of using accompanying movements, and dynamism. The study created a technique for the development of movement plastique in young gymnasts and experimentally proved its effectiveness.
Purpose: to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of methods for improving the culture of young gymnasts performing competitive compositions through the use of non-traditional means of training in ...the training process. Material & Methods: the study involved 12 athletes 8-10 years old engaged in artistic gymnastics. To solve the set tasks, methods characteristic of theoretical and applied research in the field of physical education and sport were used. The analysis of literary sources is carried out to identify the features of the use of auxiliary (non-traditional) means in the process of forming the culture of movements of young gymnasts. Pedagogical methods (testing, experiment) were used to assess the level of formation of a culture of movements in young athletes based on an assessment of the manifestation of their coordination abilities. The methods of mathematical statistics were used to process the experimental material and assess the reliability of the data obtained. Result: according to the results of the study, it was revealed that the use of auxiliary (non-traditional) means in the training process of young gymnasts contributed not only to the active development of coordination of their movements (orientation in space and time, stability to balance, etc.), but also allowed the level of culture of the performance of the basic elements of competitive compositions by them, had a positive impact on the results of their competitive activity. Conclusions: the results of the whole complex of the conducted studies testify the effectiveness of the technique of increasing the culture of movements in young gymnasts by using nontraditional means in the training process.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of one-year specific aerobic gymnastics training on selected anthropometric and motor parameters in 6-11-year-old girls. 23 girls (average age ...in the beginning of the study was 8.04 ± 1.22 years) were involved in the study representing 2 different aerobic gymnastics sports clubs in Slovakia. The selected group completed their regular trainings and competitions for a period of one year. Measurements were taken in January 2019 and January 2020, in the middle of the preparatory period. Normality of distribution of the traits was examined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Considering anthropometric parameters, there were significant changes (p≤0.01) in body height, body weight and BMI. Considering motor parameters, the mean values of straddle support hold and back extension endurance test increased significantly to the level of p≤0.05. The mean values of 4x10m shuttle run, standing long jump, modified push-ups, sit-ups in 60s increased significantly to the level of p≤0.01. No significant changes were observed in bent arm hang test or hanging knee tucks. On the other hand, the values of 1 leg stand with eyes closed and 2-min endurance shuttle run decreased insignificantly.
Purpose. The aim of the paper was to determine the occurrence of feet and ankle deformities in trampoline and artistic gymnasts. Methods. Ten acrobatic gymnasts (trampolinists) and 10 artistic ...gymnasts aged 6-14 years were recruited. The calcaneal-tibial (rearfoot) angle was determined as the angle of the upper calcaneal tendon and the longitudinal heel axis while Clarke angles were determined by podoscopy. Results. The trampolinists showed significantly greater medial angulation (calcaneal valgus) than the group of gymnasts. Right and left foot Clark’s angles in both the trampoline and artistic gymnasts were above 55°. Conclusions. Trampolinists exhibit significantly more pronounced calcaneal valgus than artistic gymnasts. The prevalence of foot and ankle deformities in both populations should be addressed by coaches in the gymnastics training of young children.
The young gymnasts from seven cities in the Republic of Serbia at the age of 8-12 years was covered with programmed gymnastic training 3-4 times a week for 90 minutes and the system of competition ...within the "C" program GSS. The case studies are examined relationships conative characteristics modified by Catel 16PF questionnaire with success in gymnastics, which is estimated to success in the competition in the "C" program of the Gymnastics Federation of Serbia. Using canonical correlation analysis of the data show that in the space of conative characteristics examined were found to be factors I-sensitivity-sharp temper, H- fearlessness and Q1- openness to change. Success in gymnastics was defined positive relations with disciplines Rings (.77), Pommel horse and Bar (.73) and Vault (.63). The hypothesis that says "conative characteristics have a positive relationship with success in gymnastics" can not be accepted because there is a statistically positive relationship that is explained with 83%. Young gymnasts who show a sharp temper and willingness to learn new cause the contents with strong courage, can successfully realizes "C" program GS Serbia in gymnastics.
The studies sensomotory coordination (SMC) engaged in rhythmic gymnastics at the age of 9-11 years. The estimation of specific technical preparedness of young gymnasts, based on analysis of the ...implementation of basic exercises with objects. Revealed substantial reserves in the movements of the subjects to improve the quality management system as the basis of technical competencies in the performance of throwing and catching objects
The terms of effective development of force are considered for young gymnasts on the stages of initial and specialized preparation. The models of urgent and moved aside training effect of the power ...loadings are certain for young gymnasts 7-13 years. It is set that the process of power preparation of young gymnasts can be separate on two stages. On the first stage by means of the concentrated power loadings the expressed decline of force of group of muscles is arrived at. On the second stage by means of favourable a display maximal efforts of loadings the increase of force of group of muscles is arrived at. Application of the power loadings of different orientation is given by possibility during 10-12 employments on 30-60% to increase force of group of muscles, shorten time of training on development of force in two times.
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